肯定句变否定句,肯定句变一般疑问句,对划线部分提问变成特殊疑问句,总之,各种句型转换,换的是晕头转向,有木有?
今天来彻底消灭下各种句型。
一键分清句子种类
英语句子,按照说话人的目的可分为四种:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。具体分法详见下表:
牢记句子结构一、肯定句
1. 主语+系动词+表语
如:
We are happy.
2. 主语+情态动词+动词原形+其他
如:
They can go to school tomorrow.
3. 主语+行为动词+其他
如:
The plan sounds great.
二、否定句
1. 主语+be动词/助动词/情态动词+not+其他
如:
I am not a student.
I haven't been to Beijing.
Tom can't swim.
2. 若句中没有be动词/助动词/情态动词:
主语+do/does/did+not+行为动词原形+其他
如:
They didn't want to take their pictures of his trip.
三、一般疑问句
1. Be动词+主语+表语?
如:
Are you serious?
2. 助动词/情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他?
如:
Do you know Spanish?
四、特殊疑问句
1. 特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+其他?
如:
Who are you?
2. 特殊疑问词+助动词/情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他?
如:
What time shall we arrive?
五、祈使句
肯定:动词原形do+其他
如:
Help me, please!
否定:Don't+动词原形+其他
如:
Don't do that again.
六:感叹句
1. How+副词(+主语+谓语)!
如:
How fast he runs!
2. How+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!
How beautiful a girl she is!
3. What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词(+主语+谓语)!
如:
What an interesting book the girl has!
4. What+形容词+不可数名词/可数名词复数(+主语+谓语)!
如:
What natural things they are!
各种句型转换一、肯定句变否定句
1. 有be动词:在be动词后直接加not
如:
He is a teacher. → He is not a teacher.
2. 有情态动词:在情态动词后直接加not
如:
I can play soccer. → I can't play soccer.
3. 有助动词have, has, had:在助动词后直接加not
如:
She has done her homework. → She hasn't done her homework.
4. 无be动词、情态动词及助动词:借助do,does,did,在其后加上not,构成否定
如:
She likes reading. → She doesn't like reading.
注意事项
肯定句变成否定句时,除将谓语动词变为否定式之外,句中其他词语也可能随之改变。
1. some或与some有关的不定代词要变成any及any有关的不定代词。
some → any
something → anything
somebody → anybody
some one → any one
somewhere → anywhere
2. too和also改为either 。
3. already改为yet 。
4. and改为or。
二、肯定句变一般疑问句
1. 有be动词:将be动词直接提前到句首
如:
He is a teacher. → Is he a teacher?
2. 有情态动词:将情态动词直接提前到句首
如:
I can play soccer. → Can you play soccer?
3. 有助动词have, has, had:将助动词直接提前到句首
如:
She has done her homework. → Has she done her homework?
4. 无be动词、情态动词及助动词:借助do,does,did,将其放在句首,实义动词用原形
如:
She likes reading. → Does she like reading?
注意事项
肯定句变成一般疑问句时,句中一些词语也可能随之改变。
1. some或与some有关的不定代词要变成any及any有关的不定代词。
some → any
something → anything
somebody → anybody
some one → any one
somewhere → anywhere
2. too和also改为either 。
3.and改为or。
4. 人称变化
原句中涉及第一人称的人称代词、形容性物主代词、名词性物主代词要变成第二人称对应的人称代词、形容性物主代词、名词性物主代词;同样,原句中涉及第二人称的人称代词、形容性物主代词、名词性物主代词要变成第一人称对应的人称代词、形容性物主代词、名词性物主代词。
如:
Ilike apples. → Do you like apples ?
Youaremy friends. → Am Iyour friends?
三、对划线部分提问--特殊疑问句
1. 特殊疑问词的用法区分
点击图片查看清晰大图
2. 注意语序的问题
1)对句子的主语提问,其语序是:
疑问词+谓语+其他成分(整个句子是陈述句语序)?
Sheis their teacher. Whois their teacher?
主语 谓语 主语 谓语
2)对句子主语的定语部分提问,其语序是:
疑问词+主语(即定语所修饰的名词)+谓语+其他成分(整个句子是陈述句语序)?
My book is over there. Whose book is over there ?
主语的定语主语谓语疑问词主语谓语
3)对表语或宾语的定语部分提问,其语序是:
疑问词+表语或宾语(划线部分所修饰的名词)+一般疑问句(省略划线部分和它所修饰的名词)?
I'm looking for my watch.
宾语的定语 宾语
Whose watch are you looking for ?
疑问词宾语一般疑问句(省略掉my watch)
4. 对表语、宾语或状语提问,其语序是:
疑问词+一般疑问句(省略掉划线部分)?
He lives in Beijing . Where does he live ?
状语疑问词一般疑问句(省略掉画线部分in Beijing )
5. 对谓语和宾语提问,其语序是:
疑问词(What)+一般疑问句(其中谓语动词要用do的相对应形式,省略掉宾语)?
He watches TV in the evening
What doeshe do in the evening?
联系客服