either 发音 [ˈaɪðə(r)] 或 [ˈi:ðə(r)],是一个词性丰富的单词,可以作代词,副词,连词或形容词。
一、either 作代词,意为“任何一个;每个,各方”,可以单独作主语,也可以加介词 of 作主语,谓语通常用单数。
1、单独使用 either,例如:
There are two types of qualification─either is acceptable.
有两种资格证明——任何一种都可以接受。
A: Would you like the metal or plastic one?
你要金属的还是塑料的?
B: Either will do.
两者都可以。
She warned me that I'd never marry or have children. I don't want either.
她告诫我千万不要结婚,也别要孩子。这两样我都不想要。
2、either + of + 复数名词,复数名词前要有其他限定词(my, his, the, etc.),例如:
You may take either of the two.
你可以从两个中间挑任何一个。
Either of the children can come with us; we don’t mind which.
两个孩子都可以和我们一起去,我们不介意哪一个。
我不想让我父母知道我丢了工作。
正:I don’t want either of my parents to know I’ve lost my job.
误:I don’t want either my parents to know I’ve lost my job.
3、either + of + 代词,例如:
I do not think either of them are at home.
我认为他们两个人都不会在家。
I don't agree with either of you on these issues.
在这些问题上,你们两个我都不同意。
在谈话中,可以单独使用 either 来代替前面提到过的两个东西中的任何一个,例如:
A: What colour paper do you want, white or cream?
你想要什么颜色的纸,白色的还是奶油色的?
B: Either. It doesn’t matter.
随便一个都可以。没关系。
二、either 作副词
1、用于否定词或词组后面,意为“也”,主谓不能倒装,例如:
A、助动词 be
I'm not allowed another piece of cake, so you're not either!
我不能再吃一块蛋糕了,所以你也不能!
B、助动词 do
I don't eat meat and my husband doesn't either.
我不吃肉,我丈夫也不吃肉。
A: I didn’t see Lesley at the concert.B: I didn’t either. = Neither/nor did I.A: I've never been to the States. B: I haven't either. = Neither/nor have I.A: I haven’t ever tasted caviar.B:I haven’t either. = Neither/nor have I.Pete can't go and I can't either.I've never been here before either, so it's all strange to me too.It was a really nice hotel, and it wasn’t very expensive either.She doesn’t like eggs and she doesn’t like fish either.3、在谈话中,either 还有一个非正式的表达,例如:
B: Me either. = Neither/nor do I.三、either 和 or 一起使用作并列连词,格式为 either ... or ..., 意为“要么……要么,不是……就是,或者……或者”,连接两个并列的单词,短语或句子,例如:either + 名词或短语 + or + 名词或短语,例如:I think she's either Russian or Polish.I left it either at home or in the car.I'm going to buy either a camera or a DVD player with the money.You can stay either with me or with Janet.either + 句子 + or + 句子,例如:Either he could not come or he did not want to.Either we go by train or we rent a car. Which do you prefer?Either you leave now or I call the police!We can either pre- or post-date the document. I don’t mind.四、either 作形容词,意为“任何一个的;两个”,后跟单数可数名词,谓语动词用第三人称单数,例如:Either candidate would be ideal for the job.正:Personally, I don’t like either jacket.误:Personally, I don’t like either jackets.Either restaurant will be okay, as they both serve vegetarian food.There were shops on either side of the street.
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