人教版八年级英语下册知识点归纳:Unit 1
寒假预习可以用到啦!快来收藏吧。
1:advice. 名词,建议,忠告,劝告。
A piece of advice一条建议
Two pieces of advice.两条建议
Some advice.一些建议
Give sb. for advice征询某人的建议
Give sb. some advice.
=give some advice to sb.
给某人提出一些建议
Give advice on sth.在某方面给出建议
Take(follow) one’s advice.接受某人的建议
2:询问对方怎么啦?
What’s the matter (with you )?
What’s the trouble( with you )?
What’s the matter( with you) ?
What’s wrong (with you) ?
What’s up?
What happened?
3:表示身体疼痛的短语:
1) Have a(n) +名词:
Have a cold oothacheeverheadache
2) Have a(n) sore +名词
Have a sore throat
3) Have a pain in the (身体部位)
Have a pain in the back.
4: 身体部位+ache构成的疾病名称的单词:
Headache
toothache
backache
stomachache
5:foot,名词,脚
Feet ,复数。
与foot的复数变化形式相同的单词:
Goose-geese, tooth-teeth
On foot=walk,步行。
We came here on foot=we walked here.
I go to school on foot=I walk to school .
6:发烧:have a fever=have a temperature=run a fever
7: lie-lay-lain躺
Lie-lied-lied 撒谎
Lie:名词,谎言,动词,撒谎
8:rest.动词,方式,名词,休息
Have a restreak
Take a restreak
9:feel,动词,摸起来。系动词,后面接形容词。
物作主语:The silk feels soft.(表示被摸的物给人的感觉)
人作主语:I am feeling well.(表示某人的感觉)
常见的系动词:Feel, taste, sound, look, smell.
Feel like +名词:摸起来像…
Feel+形容词:摸起来…
10:without.介词,没有,缺乏。后接:名词,代词宾格,动词ing.
People can not live without water.
=we can’t live if there isn’t water.
11:hurt,动词,使疼痛,受伤。
Hurt-hurt-hurt
及物:使疼痛,受伤,后接宾语。You hurt my heart.
不及物:感到疼痛. My feet hurt.
12:when the driver saw an old man lying on the road.
就在此时,司机看到一个老人躺在地上。
When 引导的时间状语从句,意思是在…的时候,还可以视作:在那时,突然,相当于:at this hat time.
I was just getting into the shower when the telephone rang.
13: 看见某人正在做某事(动作正在进行):see sb. doing sth.
看见某人做某事(全过程): see sb do sth.
同类用法(sb + v+ sb. +v ing.)
Feel,
listen to , hear .
see ,watch ,look at ,notice
14: 近义词组集中记忆:
get on 上车(船,飞机)
Get off 下车(船,飞机)
Turn on 打开(电流,灯,电器)
Turn off关上(电流,灯,电器)
Turn up 调大(音量)
turn down调小(音量)
15:令某人吃惊的是:
To one’s surprise
相关派生词:
Surprise:名词 give sb a Surprise
Surprise:动词 Surprise sb
Surprising :形容词,修饰物
Surprised:形容词,修饰人(be surprised at sth.)
Surprisingly:副词
16:trouble.麻烦
1):动词:
使麻烦,Can I trouble you to help me ?
2):名词:
问题,苦恼,不可数
Get into trouble
Be in trouble
Have trouble (in) doing sth.=
Have problems (in) doing sth=
Have difficulty (in) doing sth
17:hit 动词,击,打
Hit-hit-hit
Hit sb on in +身体部位 with …
She hit me on my head.(硬部位用on)
She hit me in the face.(软部位用in )
上述句子中的定冠词不能用形容词性物主代词替换)
18:立即,马上。
Right away=right now=immediately
19:take..to …把…带去…
Bring:带来(带到说话人的地方)
Take:拿走(拿到远离说话人的地方)
Carry:扛,搬,(任何方向)
Fetch:去取来,去拿来(往返)
Take的其他常见含义:
1):乘坐(交通工具):take the bus
2):花费:it takes(took) sb. some time to do sth.
3):买:I will take it.
4):吃喝:(同:eat, drink ,have)
吃药:只用take
20:习惯于做某事:be used to doing
过去常常做某事:used to do
被用来做某事:be used to do
Be used for doing
21:用尽,耗尽
Run out:物作主语 My money ran out.
Run out of :人作主语 I have run out of my money.
Run out of 还可以当:从…中跑出
22:
Cut off 切除,切断
Cut up 切碎
Cut …in two half 把…切成两半
Cut…into pieces 把…切成碎片
Cut down砍倒
Cut in line 插队
23:
So that 以便,为了=in order to (so as to)…
So… that…如此,以至于=too…to…=not …+形容词+enough to…
24:mean:动词,意思是,打算。
Mean to do sth.打算做…
Mean doing sth.意味着做…
扩展:
Mean:动词,意思是,打算
Meaning:名词,意思
Meaningful:形容词,有意义的
Meaningless:形容词,毫无意义的
What’s the meaning of …?=
What do you mean by …?=
What does the world mean?
25:decision.名词,决定,选择
Decide:动词,决定
常见短语:
做决定:Make a decisiondecisions
决定去做某事:
Decide to do sth.=
make a decision to do sth.=
make up one’s mind to do sth.
26:Control.动词:控制,名词:控制
在…的掌控下:Be in control of
A teacher must be in control of his classs.
Who is in control of the project?
27:继续做某事:Keep on doing
一直做某事:Keep doing
28:由于:
Because: 后面接句子
Because of:后面接,名词,代词,动词ing
注意:because 和so 不能同时出现。
29:放弃:
Give up +名词,代词,动词ing
动词加副词组合:代词放中间,名词放两边:
Give it up ,give up smoking.
Give常见短语:
Give away赠送
Give back 归还
Give in 屈服
Give out 分发
Give off 发出,放出
30:情态动词should的用法
Should意思是应当,应该,表示义务,责任
后接动词原形,没有人称和数的变化
否定形式:shouldn’t
一般疑问句:should 提前。
31:反身代词:
Myself yourself himself herself itself ourselves yourselves themselves
翻译为 :某人自己
反身代词的用法:
1):take care of yourself.(作动词宾语)
2): you can ask the boy himself.(同位语)
3):I am not myself today (表语)
反身代词的常见短语:
Teach oneself(learn by oneself):自学
Enjoy oneself:玩得愉快
Help oneself to …随便吃(用)
Look after oneself 照顾某人自己
Dress oneself 给自己穿衣服
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