中考英语典型例题解析——被动语态
1. These years more and more flowers in our school yard ___________ planted.
A. are planted B. have been planted C have been planted D. planted
解析:C flowers与plant构成被动关系,而且由these years可知选C项。
2. Most of the telephone lines __________ in the hurricane last night, so today it’s almost impossible to get through to anybody.
A. destroyed B. had destroyed C. were destroyed D. had been destroyed
解析:C telephone lines与destroy构成被动关系,再结合last night故而选C。
3. All the flowers in the garden should __________ every day when summer comes.
A. be watered B. water C. watered D. be watering
解析:A flowers与water构成被动关系,情态动词的被动语态的结构为“情态动词+be+及物动词的过去分词”,故而选A。
4. Susan, why are you still here? They are all ready to start. --- I'm sorry, but I ________ when to leave.
A. don't tell B. didn't tell C. wasn't told D. haven't told
解析:C 被动语态的构成为“be+及物动词的过去分词”,又因为“没有被告知”是过去发货所能的动作,故用C。
5. As everyone knows, rubbish ___________________.
A.need be thrown B. mustn't be thrown C. can’t throw D. may throw
解析:B rubbish与throw构成被动关系,由句意可知,横线表示否定含义,故选B项。
6. There was a big earthquake in that country, but luckily many people ______________.
A. save B. saved C. are saved D. were saved
解析:D 由“was”可知,动作发生在过去,用过去时,排除A,C,且people与save构成被动关系,所以选D。
7. The water __________ cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
A. was felt B. is felt C. felt D. feels
解析:C feel为“感觉起来.......”,是连系动词,用主动形式表示被动含义,再根据后面的jumped可知,只有C项正确。
8. An accident ____________ on the road last night.
A. has happened B. was happened C.is happened D. happened
解析:D happen意为“发生”,为不及物动词,无用被动语态;由last night可知选A项。
9. In the past the children were made __________ 15 hours a day.
A. to work B. works C. work D. working
解析:A 使役动词make用于被动结构中,需要还原to。
10. My TV set doesn't work. It needs _______________.
A. to repair B. to be repaired C.to be repairing D. be repaired
解析:B need用作实义动词,表示“需要......”时,常用need doing结构,相当于need to be done,故而选B项。
11.[北京中考考题]A new road ________ near my school next year.
A.builds B.will build C.is built D.will be built
12.[湖北黄冈中考考题]—Tom is always careless with his schoolwork. Could you help him?
—No problem! I think he _______ to think twice before starting.
A.should be told B.can tell C.should tell D.can be telling
13.[江苏南京中考考题]It’s reported that Jiangsu Grand Theatre ________ in September this year.
A.completes B.is completed C.will complete D.will be completed
14.[广东中考考题]He Jiang ________ to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard
University last month.
A.invites B.invited C.is invited D.was invited
15.[甘肃兰州中考考题] These rules are made _______ the disabled.
A.protect B.protected C.to protect D.protecting
16.[山东泰安中考考题] More chances________ for students to learn from each other if working in
groups.
A.provide B.are provided C.provided D.will provide
17.[山东青岛] Children should ________ to be honest from a young age.
A.educate B.be educated C.punish D.be punished
18.[重庆考题]—Mom,where is my model plane?
—Oh,it ________ to Jenny yesterday.
A.is lent B.lends C.was lent D.lent
19.[江苏扬州]—Have you finished your report on green life?
—Not yet. I’ll make it if I ________ another two days.
A.give B.am given C.will give D.will be given
20.[湖北黄石]—Why does the earth look blue in space?
—Because most of the earth’s surface ________ by water.
A.covers B.is covered C.was added D.added
【答案点拨】
11.答案:D 句意:我家附近有一条新的公路明年将会建成。由next year可知句子用一般将来时;由句意可知a new road和build之间时被动关系,用将来时态的被动语态。故选D。
12.答案:A 句意:“汤姆做作业一直很粗心。你帮帮他好吗?”“没问题。我想应该告诉他三思而后行。”由句意可知he是告诉的额对象,用被动语态;表示“应当”用should,故选A。
13.答案:D句意:据报道,江苏大剧院于今年九月份完工。由句中的时间this year可知用一般将来时;由句意可知用被动语态。故选D。
14.答案:D 句意:上个月贺江被邀请在哈佛大学的毕业典礼上作报告。根据last month可知用一般过去时态;由句意可知用被动语态,故选D。
15.答案:C.句意:这些规则被指定出来以保护残疾人。make后的不定式在被动语态中要加上to。故选C。
16.答案:B.句意:如果分组学习的话,这就为学生们的互相学习提供了更多的机会。句子主语more chances是provide的承受者,应用被动语态。故选B。
17.答案:B.根据Children should ______ to be honest from a young age,这里的意思是孩子应该从小就接受诚实教育,在这里Children 是educate的承受者,所以应该用被动语态,这里含有情态动词should,所以本题使用含有情态动词的被动语态,结构是should be+动词的过去分词,在这里是接受教育,所以用动词educate.故选B.
18.答案:C 解析:因为主语是物,是动词lend的承受者,所以不能用主动语态,应当用被动语态,被动语态的基本结构:主语+be+过去分词(+by+动作的发出者),因为后面有一个yesterday,可知应当用一般过去时态的被动语态,其基本结构为:主语+was/were+过去分词(+by+动作的发出者)C.was lent 一般过去时态的被动语态,正确.故选C.
19.答案:B.if引导的条件状语从句,遵循主将从现的规则,从句用一般现在时,主语I,是give的承受者,故用一般现在时的被动语态be+过去分词,主语I,故am,give的过去分词given,故答案是B.
20.答案:B.首先根据设空处所在的句子表述的是客观事实,所以用一般现在时,主语 most of the earth's surface 是动作cover 的承受者,表示'被覆盖'所以用被动语态,一般现在时被动语态的构成是:主语+am/is/are+动词的过去分词,主语是不可数名词,be动词用is,故选B.
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