专题14 情景交际
【高考考纲解读】
情景交际是用来评价学生交际能力的常考内容之一,从几年的高考试题来看,这一题型的设计涉及日常生活中的各方面,如问候、介绍、告别、感谢、道歉、请求、祝愿、提供帮助等。考查最多的是:①道歉与应答;②建议与应答;③请求允许及应答。
【重点、难点剖析】
情景交际用语指在特定的语境中运用的语言。情景交际用语范围广泛,形式多样,灵活多变,这些情景交际语言的结构无不体现着英语国家的文化、风俗和习惯。
【2015·陕西】11. ---Let's go to the New Year's Eve party, shall we?
---- I guess it will be fun.
A. Forget it! B. No way! C. Why not? D. What for?
【答案】C
【解析】句意:--让我们去新年夜晚会,好吗?---好啊!我想那一定很有趣.Forget it!'得了,忘了吧!';No way!'没门';Why not!'好啊!';What for?'为什么?',所以选C。
【2015·江苏】33.—Why didn't you invite John to your birthday party?
—Well, you know he's _______ .
A. an early bird B. a wet blanket C. a lucky dog D. a tough nut
【答案】B
【解析】句意:—为什么你没有邀请约翰出席你的生日聚会?—你知道的,他是个令人扫兴的人。A项'早起的鸟儿(比喻勤劳的人)';B项'扫兴的人或物';C项'幸运儿';D项'棘手的事情,难对付的人'。故选B项。
【变式探究】
—I'm sorry I made a mistake!
—________. Nobody is perfect.(Take your time, You're right, Whatever you say, Take it easy)
【答案】Take it easy
【举一反三】—Thank you for the flowers.
—________. I thought they might cheer you up.(That's right, All right, I'm all right, It's all right)
【答案】It's all right
【解析】考查情景交际。句意:'谢谢你送的花。''不用谢。我想它们可以让你振作起来。'That's right'那是对的';All right'行,可以';I'm all right'我没事儿,我很好';It's all right'没关系(可对Thank you或Sorry进行回答)'。由句意可知,这里是表达'不用谢'。
【变式探究】—Sorry,I'm late.I got stuck in traffic.
—________.You're here now.Come in and sit down.
A.You are welcome B.That's right C.I have no idea D.Never mind
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——很抱歉我迟到了。路上堵车了。——没关系。你现在来了,进来坐吧。never mind'没关系,不要紧',符合语境。
【变式探究】 —Which one of these do you want?
—________.Either will do.
A.I don't mind B.I'm sure C.No problem D.Go ahead
【答案】A
【解析】答句句意:我不介意。答语的下一句提到任何一个都可以,由此可知说话人不介意。B项表示'我确信',C项通常用来表示事情容易做或乐于相助,D项表示允许,都不符合语境。
【变式探究】 —Try not to work yourself too hard.Take it easy.
—Thanks.________
A.So what? B.No way. C.What for? D.You too.
【答案】D
【解析】句意:——工作不要那么拼命。慢慢来。——谢谢。你也一样。根据句意可知,对方劝答话人工作不要太拼命,要慢慢来。说话人表示感谢,并希望对方也这样。故D项正确。
【变式探究】 —What shall we do tonight then?
—________—whatever you want.
A.Help yourself B.It's a deal C.No problem D.It's up to you
【答案】D
【解析】根据破折号后面的内容可知,答话人表示一切听从对方的安排,因此选择D项'由你决定'。前三项分别表示'请自便''就这么定了''没问题',均不符合语境。
【变式探究】 —May I help you?You seem to be having some problems.
—________,thanks.I think I can manage.
A.All right B.No problem
C.It's all right D.There's no way
【答案】C
【归纳总结】
几组易混交际用语
(1)My pleasure./With pleasure.'My pleasure.=It's a pleasure.',是致谢应答语,译作'不用谢'。
With pleasure.是请求应答语,译作'乐意效劳,非常愿意',用法同'No problem.'
(2)Take your time./Take it easy.
Take your time.安慰对方,'不要急,慢慢来',强调时间充裕,反义词为Hurry up./Come on.
Take it easy.安慰对方不要紧张不安。
(3)Congratulations!/Good luck!Congratulations!
祝贺对方已取得成功,译作'恭喜'。
Good luck!表示'祝你好运',用以表示祝愿,但事情尚未发生。
(4)So what?/What for?/Like what?
'So what?=What of it?''那又怎样',表无所谓或不关心。
What for?表示'为何目的,为何理由',用于询问。Like what?表示'比方说',用于接续话题。
(5)How's that?/How come?
How's that?询问对方是否满意,译作'怎么样?'还表示'那是怎么回事?',用以询问已发生事情的原因。
How come?'怎么会呢',对方已发生的事情表示惊讶和不解。
题型2、情感与态度
【例2】(2018·江苏,35)—What happened?Your boss seems to .
—Didn't you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press?
A.be over the moon B.laugh his head off
C.be all ears D.fly off the handle
答案 D
【变式探究】[2017·江苏卷] —Going to watch the Women's Volleyball Match on Wednesday?
—________!Will you go with me?
A.You there B.You bet
C.You got me D.You know better
【答案】B 【解析】考查情景交际。You bet'当然,肯定地',符合句意。You there说你呢;You got me你难住我了;You know better你更清楚。句意:'星期三去看女子排球比赛吗?''当然!你能同我一起去吗?'
—Michael was late for Mr Smith's chemistry class this morning.
—________?
As far as I know, he never came late to class.
A.So what B.Why notC.Who cares D.How come
【答案】D
【解析】句意:—今天上午迈克尔在斯密斯老师的化学课迟到了。—怎么会呢?据我所知,他上课从不迟到。A.那又怎么样呢;B.为什么不呢;C谁在意呢;D.怎么会呢。根据语境,故选D。
32.—Only those who have alot in common can getalong well.
—. Opposites sometimes do attract.
A. I hope notB.I think soC.I appreciatethatD.I beg to differ
【答案】D
【解析】考查交际用语。I hope not我可不希望这样;I think so我认为如此;I appreciate that我很感激;I beg to differ恕我不能同意。由答语后句Opposites sometimes do attract.(意见相反的人有时会相互吸引。)可知两个人的意见并不一致。故D项符合语境。
【举一反三】4. —Jack, you seem excited.
—______? I won the first prize in the English speech contest.
A. Guess whatB. So what
C. Pardon me D. Who cares
【答案】A
【解析】句意:——杰克,你看起来很兴奋。——猜猜看?我在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。A. Guess what 猜猜看;B. So what那又怎么样; C. Pardon me 请问刚才你说的什么;D. Who care谁管它呢。根据句意可知选A。
【变式探究】—What do you think of the house?
—________ It's everything we've been looking for.(Perfect!/Good idea!/ Not bad./Soso.)
【答案】Perfect!
【举一反三】—The Tshirt I received is not the same as is shown online.
—________? But I promise you we'll look into it right away.(Who says, How come, What for, Why worry)
【答案】How come
【解析】考查交际用语。句意:——我收到的这件T恤衫和网页上展示的不一样。——怎么会呢?不过我向您保证我们会立刻查清楚的。Who says'谁说的';How come'怎么会(表达说话人的惊讶之情)';What for'为什么';Why worry'为什么担心'。这段对话是关于网购的,发生在买家和客服之间,根据答语中的But可知客服对于买家反映的情况表示惊讶,但还是承诺会查清楚。
【感悟提升】
常用语:
(1)How come?怎么会呢?
(2)So what?那又怎么样?
(3)You can say that again.你说的没错。
(4)It's out of the question./Not likely./No way./Not a chance.不可能。
(5)Yes, indeed.是的,确实这样。
(6)So it is.确实如此。
(7)Absolutely.完全可以。
(8)I can't agree with you more.我完全同意。
(9)It's a deal.成交,就这么定了。
(10)By no means.绝不;一点儿也不。
(11)Forget it.算了吧;想都别想。
(12)No way.不可能;决不;没门儿。
【变式探究】—How did your interview with the manager go?
—________ He seemed interested in my experience, but he didn't ask for references.(Perfect!/I'm not sure./That's right./Couldn't be better.)
【答案】I'm not sure.
【解析】考查交际用语。句意:——你觉得与经理的面试怎么样?——我不确定。他好像对我的经历感兴趣,但他并没有求证。根据接下来的话可知,既有好的一面,也有不利的一面,显然说话人是模棱两可的。
【变式探究】—This is a really lively party. There's a great atmosphere, isn't there?
—________. The hosts know how to host a party.(Don't worry/Yes, indeed/No, there isn't/It all depends)
【答案】Yes, indeed
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