议论文的论证方法多种多样，有归纳法、推理法、对照法和驳论法。而不同观点对比型议论文常用的论证方法是对照法即对所有的事实、方面进行对照，然后加以分析，得出结论。所以此类文章有其约定俗成的写作模板即：一、问题的提出（双方就某一问题有不同的看法）；二、正面论述（同意此问题的人陈述支持的理由）；三、反面论述（持有相反观点的人陈述反对的理由）；四、得出结论（结合双方的观点得出一个客观公正的结论）。
写作时注意事项：（1）注意汉语式思维方式对英语写作的影响，学会用英语式思维方式进行思考，尽量使用地道英语句式结构；（2）注意多使用一些连接词，使整个文章如行云流水，让人赏心悦目。
【典型例题】
最近你班举行了一场关于“动物园里笼养动物好不好的讨论”。假如你是李华，请你根据下表提供的信息，用英语将讨论的结果向某中学生英语报投稿，并陈述你的观点。
赞成的同学认为
反对的同学认为
你的观点
1. 有机会亲眼目睹野生动物
1. 浪费人力物力
……
2. 有助于培养对动物和自然的热爱
2. 破坏生态平衡
3. 能保护动物免受野生环境的危害
3. 动物失去自由
【思路分析】
此文一看便知是我们谈到的不同观点列举型议论文，根据此类文章的约定俗成的框架结构我们分析如下：文章的第一部分即议题的提出部分已给出；重点应放正面论述、反面论述以及得出结论三个部分；确定文章的框架结构后对本文的要点进行分析，语言详略得当，生动得体；注意在行文时恰当地使用过渡词，为整篇文章增加亮色。
Dear Editor,
I’m writing to tell you about the discussion we held on whether it is good to keep animals in zoos. There are two different opinions about it.
Some students are in favor of it. Firstly, they think it provides chances for people to see wild animals. Secondly, it might develop people’s love for animals and nature. Besides, animals in zoos can be protected from dangers in the wild. Students, however, differ in their opinions on this matter. Some students are against the idea. For one thing, they think that it is a waste of time and labor to keep animals in zoos. For another, it will damage the balance of nature. What is more, animals will lose their freedom if caged in zoos.
In my opinion, whether it is good to keep animals in zoos just depends. If it is really good for the protection of some endangered animals, maybe it is good to keep these animals in zoos. But if it is just to meet the demand of people, I totally disagree with it.
通过以上分析，我们可以总结出不同观点列举型议论文的框架结构或者说写作模板：
Recently, … have had a heated discussion on whether … or not. Different people have different opinions about it (There are two different opinions about it / Their views mainly fall into two groups).
Some think it necessary (some are in favor of it). Firstly, . Secondly, . What’s more / besides / what’s worse / also / to make the matter worse, . However / on the contrary, … differ in their opinions on this matter. Some think it unnecessary / some don’t think so / some are against it. For one thing, . For another, .
In my opinion (As far as I am concerned), whether … or not just depends .
温馨提示：除了掌握文章的写作模板之外，了解以下几个方面对于学好英语以及提高英语写作水平都大有裨益：
1. 注意英美人与中国人思维方式的不同。英美人思维方式是直线式，他们在遣词造句谋篇上遵循着从一般（general）到具体（specific），从概括（summarize）到举例（exemplify），从整体（whole）到个体（respective）原则。不同观点列举型议论文的写作模板是先表明支持或反对的观点，然后再陈述支持或反对的理由。
2. 注意英汉句子结构特点的不同。英语重形和，汉语重意和。英语句子中如果少了连接词如firstly, secondly, what’s more, in my opinion, or, but, if, so, because, so that，所要表达意思就支离破碎了，而汉语没连接词，只从句子本身意思就可以把概念或关系表达清楚。
3. 如果句子清一色是简单句，文章必定很单调乏味。如果全篇充满了冗长的复杂句，读起来也很费力。最好的方法是以简单句为基础，配合适当的并列句和复杂句。简单句可长可短，通常要加些附属成分，如分词短语、介词短语、副词短语、不定式动词短语等来为文章增添亮色。
【实战演练】
三班的同学进行了一场有关英语学习的讨论。讨论的题目是：学习英语要不要从儿童时期开始？请你根据下表中的提示写一篇短文，介绍讨论的情况以及你个人的看法。
一些同学认为
另一些同学认为
你的观点
1. 应从儿童时期开始学习英语
1. 不应从儿童时期开始学习英语
……
2. 儿童时期记忆力好，可以记住很多单词
2. 儿童时期既要学习汉语拼音又要学英语，易混淆
3. 能为以后的英语学习打下坚实的基础
3. 会影响汉语学习和今后英语学习
参考词汇：基础foundation；汉语拼音 Chinese pinyin
(One possible version)
The students of Class 3 had a discussion about whether it is necessary to start learning English from childhood. Their opinions fall into two groups.
Some of them think that English learning should start from childhood. First of all, as little boys and girls have a very good memory, they can learn a lot of English words by heart. What’s more, learning English from childhood will help them lay a solid foundation for their future learning. However, others totally disagree with it. For one thing, children have to learn Chinese pinyin at school. If they study Chinese pinyin and English at the same time, it will be very easy to mix them up. Furthermore, learning English too early will do a lot of harm not only to their Chinese learning but also to their future English learning.
As far as I am concerned, whether it is necessary to start learning English from childhood just depends. If some children show great interest in learning English, it is necessary for them to learn English. Those children who are tired of learning English should not be forced to learn English.
