1. 检查依赖的包是否安装：依赖的包有
gcc--libpri,
zaptel
asterisk
ncurses-devel
libtermcap-devel
kernel-devel
kernel-smp-devel
gcc-c++
openssl-devel
newt-devel
zlib-devel
unixODBC-devel
libtool
make
利用 rpm －q 名称 进行查询看是否安装，无时进行安装，当然用源安装快！
2.asterisk 的安装和环境的搭建
首先在FTP上（自己Google)得到压缩包，或者ssh 远程得到 命令为 get 名称 自己的主机名称：放置目录
安装到/usr/src目录下
解压缩、切换目录（/usr/src/asterisk-xxx）、执行（sudo ./configure)、sudo make、sudo make install 、sudo make samples、sudo make progdocs
修改配置： 1.1 在/etc/asterisk/sip.conf 中添加用户：
[1001]
type=friend
secret=test
host=dynamic
[1002]
type=friend
secret=test
host=dynamic
1.2 /etc/asterisk/extensions.conf 中添加：
[test]
exten => 1001,1,Dial(SIP/1001)
exten => 1002,1,Dial(SIP/1002)
===============================各项讲解===================================
sip环境的简易配置：（所有的配置文件都在/etc/asterisk目录下，其它地方的配置无效） sip.conf
[general] 所有用户和对端的默认选项
allowoverlap=no
bindport=5060 监听端口
bindaddr=0.0.0.0 监听所有过来的电话
srvlookup=yes 使用 DNS 服务
qualify=yes
context=test 拨号方案
[1001]
type=friend 类型 用户类型的用于认证呼入呼叫 端Peer是用于呼出呼叫 朋友类型两者都有
secret=test 密码
host=dynamic 动态IP
[1002]
type=friend
secret=test
host=dynamic
extensions.conf
在文档的最后添加：
[test]
exten => 1001,1,Dial(SIP/1001) 呼叫超时秒数
exten => 1002,1,Dial(SIP/1002)
=========================================================================
运行asterisk的命令为：asterisk & or sudo /usr/sbin/asterisk -vvvvvvcg
停止命令为：stop now
连接到命令行：asterisk －rvvv
dialplan reload
sip reload
显示支持的通信类型： show channeltypes
打开调试信息： sip set debug
现在astersik下的sip环境就搭建完成了，开启astersik ==================================
sudo /usr/sbin/asterisk -vvvvvvcg =================================
登录到Astersk服务器运行控制台: asterisk -crvvv
查看登录用户 : sip shwo peers
*CLI> sip show peers
Name/username Host Dyn Nat ACL Port Status
1004 (Unspecified) D 0 UNKNOWN
1003 (Unspecified) D 0 UNKNOWN
1002 (Unspecified) D 0 UNKNOWN
1001/1001 192.168.123.58 D 39478 OK (101 ms)
4 sip peers [Monitored: 1 online, 3 offline Unmonitored: 0 online, 0 offline]
*CLI>
查看详细记录： sip show peer 1001
*CLI> sip show peer 1002 ////注意与查看全部的区别 peers peer
* Name : 1002
Secret : <Set>
MD5Secret : <Not set>
Context : test
Subscr.Cont. : <Not set>
Language :
AMA flags : Unknown
Transfer mode: open
CallingPres : Presentation Allowed, Not Screened
Callgroup :
Pickupgroup :
Mailbox :
VM Extension : asterisk
LastMsgsSent : 32767/65535
Call limit : 0
Dynamic : Yes
Callerid : "" <>
MaxCallBR : 384 kbps
Expire : -1
Insecure : no
Nat : RFC3581
ACL : No
T38 pt UDPTL : No
CanReinvite : Yes
PromiscRedir : No
User=Phone : No
Video Support: No
Trust RPID : No
Send RPID : No
Subscriptions: Yes
Overlap dial : No
DTMFmode : rfc2833
LastMsg : 0
ToHost :
Addr->IP : (Unspecified) Port 0
Defaddr->IP : 0.0.0.0 Port 5060
Def. Username:
SIP Options : (none)
Codecs : 0x8000e (gsm|ulaw|alaw|h263)
Codec Order : (none)
Auto-Framing: No
Status : UNKNOWN
Useragent :
Reg. Contact :
*CLI>
重新加载拨号方案：dialplan reload
*CLI> dialplan reload
== Parsing '/etc/asterisk/extensions.conf': Found
== Setting global variable 'CONSOLE' to 'Console/dsp'
== Setting global variable 'IAXINFO' to 'guest'
== Setting global variable 'TRUNK' to 'Zap/G2'
== Setting global variable 'TRUNKMSD' to '1'
-- Registered extension context 'dundi-e164-canonical'
-- Registered extension context 'dundi-e164-customers'
-- Registered extension context 'dundi-e164-via-pstn'
-- Registered extension context 'dundi-e164-local'
-- Including context 'dundi-e164-canonical' in context 'dundi-e164-local'
-- Including context 'dundi-e164-customers' in context 'dundi-e164-local'
-- Including context 'dundi-e164-via-pstn' in context 'dundi-e164-local'
-- Registered extension context 'dundi-e164-switch'
-- Including switch 'DUNDi/e164' in context 'dundi-e164-switch'
-- Registered extension context 'dundi-e164-lookup'
-- Including context 'dundi-e164-local' in context 'dundi-e164-lookup'
-- Including context 'dundi-e164-switch' in context 'dundi-e164-lookup'
-- Registered extension context 'macro-dundi-e164'
-- Added extension 's' priority 1 to macro-dundi-e164
-- Including context 'dundi-e164-lookup' in context 'macro-dundi-e164'
-- Registered extension context 'iaxtel700'
-- Added extension '_91700XXXXXXX' priority 1 to iaxtel700
-- Registered extension context 'iaxprovider'
-- Registered extension context 'trunkint'
-- Added extension '_9011.' priority 1 to trunkint
-- Added extension '_9011.' priority 2 to trunkint
-- Registered extension context 'trunkld'
-- Added extension '_91NXXNXXXXXX' priority 1 to trunkld
-- Added extension '_91NXXNXXXXXX' priority 2 to trunkld
-- Registered extension context 'trunklocal'
-- Added extension '_9NXXXXXX' priority 1 to trunklocal
-- Registered extension context 'trunktollfree'
-- Added extension '_91800NXXXXXX' priority 1 to trunktollfree
-- Added extension '_91888NXXXXXX' priority 1 to trunktollfree
-- Added extension '_91877NXXXXXX' priority 1 to trunktollfree
-- Added extension '_91866NXXXXXX' priority 1 to trunktollfree
-- Registered extension context 'international'
-- Including context 'longdistance' in context 'international'
-- Including context 'trunkint' in context 'international'
-- Registered extension context 'longdistance'
-- Including context 'local' in context 'longdistance'
-- Including context 'trunkld' in context 'longdistance'
-- Registered extension context 'local'
-- Including context 'default' in context 'local'
-- Including context 'trunklocal' in context 'local'
-- Including context 'iaxtel700' in context 'local'
-- Including context 'trunktollfree' in context 'local'
-- Including context 'iaxprovider' in context 'local'
-- Including context 'parkedcalls' in context 'local'
-- Registered extension context 'macro-trunkdial'
-- Added extension 's' priority 1 to macro-trunkdial
-- Added extension 's' priority 2 to macro-trunkdial
-- Added extension 's-NOANSWER' priority 1 to macro-trunkdial
-- Added extension 's-BUSY' priority 1 to macro-trunkdial
-- Added extension '_s-.' priority 1 to macro-trunkdial
-- Registered extension context 'macro-stdexten'
-- Added extension 's' priority 1 to macro-stdexten
-- Added extension 's' priority 2 to macro-stdexten
-- Added extension 's-NOANSWER' priority 1 to macro-stdexten
-- Added extension 's-NOANSWER' priority 2 to macro-stdexten
-- Added extension 's-BUSY' priority 1 to macro-stdexten
-- Added extension 's-BUSY' priority 2 to macro-stdexten
-- Added extension '_s-.' priority 1 to macro-stdexten
-- Added extension 'a' priority 1 to macro-stdexten
-- Registered extension context 'macro-stdPrivacyexten'
-- Added extension 's' priority 1 to macro-stdPrivacyexten
-- Added extension 's' priority 2 to macro-stdPrivacyexten
-- Added extension 's-NOANSWER' priority 1 to macro-stdPrivacyexten
-- Added extension 's-NOANSWER' priority 2 to macro-stdPrivacyexten
-- Added extension 's-BUSY' priority 1 to macro-stdPrivacyexten
-- Added extension 's-BUSY' priority 2 to macro-stdPrivacyexten
-- Added extension 's-DONTCALL' priority 1 to macro-stdPrivacyexten
-- Added extension 's-TORTURE' priority 1 to macro-stdPrivacyexten
-- Added extension '_s-.' priority 1 to macro-stdPrivacyexten
-- Added extension 'a' priority 1 to macro-stdPrivacyexten
-- Registered extension context 'macro-page'
-- Added extension 's' priority 1 to macro-page
-- Added extension 's' priority 2 to macro-page
-- Added extension 's' priority 3 to macro-page
-- Added extension 's' priority 4 to macro-page
-- Added extension 's' priority 5 to macro-page
-- Added extension 's' priority 6 to macro-page
-- Added extension 's' priority 7 to macro-page
-- Registered extension context 'demo'
-- Added extension 's' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension 's' priority 2 to demo
-- Added extension 's' priority 3 to demo
-- Added extension 's' priority 4 to demo
-- Added extension 's' priority 5 to demo
-- Added extension 's' priority 6 to demo
-- Added extension 's' priority 7 to demo
-- Added extension '2' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '2' priority 2 to demo
-- Added extension '3' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '3' priority 2 to demo
-- Added extension '1000' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '1234' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '1234' priority 2 to demo
-- Added extension '1235' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '1236' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '1236' priority 2 to demo
-- Added extension '#' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '#' priority 2 to demo
-- Added extension 't' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension 'i' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '500' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '500' priority 2 to demo
-- Added extension '500' priority 3 to demo
-- Added extension '500' priority 4 to demo
-- Added extension '600' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '600' priority 2 to demo
-- Added extension '600' priority 3 to demo
-- Added extension '600' priority 4 to demo
-- Added extension '76245' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '_7XXX' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '7999' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '7999' priority 2 to demo
-- Added extension '8500' priority 1 to demo
-- Added extension '8500' priority 2 to demo
-- Registered extension context 'page'
-- Added extension '_X.' priority 1 to page
-- Registered extension context 'default'
-- Including context 'demo' in context 'default'
-- Registered extension context 'test'
-- Added extension '1001' priority 1 to test
-- Added extension '1002' priority 1 to test
-- Added extension '1003' priority 1 to test
-- Added extension '1004' priority 1 to test
== Parsing '/etc/asterisk/users.conf': Found
Dialplan reloaded.
*CLI>
重新加载SIP方案：sip reload
*CLI> sip reload
*CLI> Reloading SIP
== Parsing '/etc/asterisk/sip.conf': Found
== Parsing '/etc/asterisk/users.conf': Found
== Parsing '/etc/asterisk/sip_notify.conf': Found
*CLI>
=========================sip 控制台信息=====================================
1. 运行调试常用命令
./asterisk & 在后台运行
./asterisk -vvvc 启动并尽量多的在控制台显示调试信息
./asterisk -r 连接 控制台
set verbose 9999 设置打印详细信息
2. 控制台下常用命令
sip reload 重新加载sip信息
sip set debug 设置显示更多的sip信息
sip set debug off 关闭显示更多的sip信息
sip show channels 显示所有活动的sip通道
sip show users 显示用户情况
sip show user xxx 显示用户xxx的情况
dialplan show 显示拨号方案
dialplan reload 重新加载拨号方案
stop gracefully 优雅的停止asterisk
stop now 立即停止运行
module show 显示已有的加载
module load cdr_radius.so 加载模块 cdrxxx
module reload cdr_radius.so 重新加载模块 cdrxxx
module unload cdr_radius.so 卸载模块 cdrxxx
core show applications 显示所有的应用 比如 Dial Radius Hangup Answer等
core show channels 显示所有的通话通道
core show codecs 显示所有支持的编码
core show functions 显示所有的功能函数
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*CLI> help
! Execute a shell command
abort halt Cancel a running halt
ael debug contexts Enable AEL contexts debug (does nothing)
ael debug macros Enable AEL macros debug (does nothing)
ael debug read Enable AEL read debug (does nothing)
ael debug tokens Enable AEL tokens debug (does nothing)
ael nodebug Disable AEL debug messages
ael reload Reload AEL configuration
agent logoff Sets an agent offline
agent show Show status of agents
agent show online Show all online agents
agi debug Enable AGI debugging
agi debug off Disable AGI debugging
agi dumphtml Dumps a list of agi commands in html format
agi show List AGI commands or specific help
cdr status Display the CDR status
console active Sets/displays active console
console answer Answer an incoming console call
console autoanswer Sets/displays autoanswer
console boost Sets/displays mic boost in dB
console dial Dial an extension on the console
console flash Flash a call on the console
console hangup Hangup a call on the console
console mute Disable mic input
console send text Send text to the remote device
console transfer Transfer a call to a different extension
console unmute Enable mic input
core clear profile Clear profiling info
core set debug channel Enable/disable debugging on a channel
core set debug Set level of debug chattiness
core set debug off Turns off debug chattiness
core set global Set global dialplan variable
core set verbose Set level of verboseness
core show applications Shows registered dialplan applications
core show application Describe a specific dialplan application
core show audio codecs Displays a list of audio codecs
core show channels Display information on channels
core show channel Display information on a specific channel
core show channeltypes List available channel types
core show channeltype Give more details on that channel type
core show codecs Displays a list of codecs
core show codec Shows a specific codec
core show config mappings Display config mappings (file names to config engines)
core show file formats Displays file formats
core show file version List versions of files used to build Asterisk
core show functions Shows registered dialplan functions
core show function Describe a specific dialplan function
core show globals Show global dialplan variables
core show hints Show dialplan hints
core show image codecs Displays a list of image codecs
core show image formats Displays image formats
core show license Show the license(s) for this copy of Asterisk
core show profile Display profiling info
core show switches Show alternative switches
core show threads Show running threads
core show translation Display translation matrix
core show uptime Show uptime information
core show version Display version info
core show video codecs Displays a list of video codecs
core show warranty Show the warranty (if any) for this copy of Asterisk
database del Removes database key/value
database deltree Removes database keytree/values
database get Gets database value
database put Adds/updates database value
database show Shows database contents
database showkey Shows database contents
dialplan add extension Add new extension into context
dialplan add ignorepat Add new ignore pattern
dialplan add include Include context in other context
dialplan reload Reload extensions and *only* extensions
dialplan remove extension Remove a specified extension
dialplan remove ignorepat Remove ignore pattern from context
dialplan remove include Remove a specified include from context
dialplan save Save dialplan
dialplan show Show dialplan
dnsmgr reload Reloads the DNS manager configuration
dnsmgr status Display the DNS manager status
dundi debug Enable DUNDi debugging
dundi flush Flush DUNDi cache
dundi lookup Lookup a number in DUNDi
dundi no debug Disable DUNDi debugging
dundi no store history Disable DUNDi historic records
dundi precache Precache a number in DUNDi
dundi query Query a DUNDi EID
dundi show entityid Display Global Entity ID
dundi show mappings Show DUNDi mappings
dundi show peers Show defined DUNDi peers
dundi show peer Show info on a specific DUNDi peer
dundi show precache Show DUNDi precache
dundi show requests Show DUNDi requests
dundi show trans Show active DUNDi transactions
dundi store history Enable DUNDi historic records
feature show Lists configured features
file convert Convert audio file
group show channels Display active channels with group(s)
help Display help list, or specific help on a command
http show status Display HTTP server status
iax2 provision Provision an IAX device
iax2 prune realtime Prune a cached realtime lookup
iax2 reload Reload IAX configuration
iax2 set debug Enable IAX debugging
iax2 set debug jb Enable IAX jitterbuffer debugging
iax2 set debug jb off Disable IAX jitterbuffer debugging
iax2 set debug off Disable IAX debugging
iax2 set debug trunk Enable IAX trunk debugging
iax2 set debug trunk off Disable IAX trunk debugging
iax2 show cache Display IAX cached dialplan
iax2 show channels List active IAX channels
iax2 show firmware List available IAX firmwares
iax2 show netstats List active IAX channel netstats
iax2 show peers List defined IAX peers
iax2 show peer Show details on specific IAX peer
iax2 show provisioning Display iax provisioning
iax2 show registry Display IAX registration status
iax2 show stats Display IAX statistics
iax2 show threads Display IAX helper thread info
iax2 show users List defined IAX users
iax2 test losspct Set IAX2 incoming frame loss percentage
indication add Add the given indication to the country
indication remove Remove the given indication from the country
indication show Display a list of all countries/indications
keys init Initialize RSA key passcodes
keys show Displays RSA key information
local show channels List status of local channels
logger mute Toggle logging output to a console
logger reload Reopens the log files
logger rotate Rotates and reopens the log files
logger show channels List configured log channels
manager show command Show a manager interface command
manager show commands List manager interface commands
manager show connected List connected manager interface users
manager show eventq List manager interface queued events
manager show users List configured manager users
manager show user Display information on a specific manager user
mgcp audit endpoint Audit specified MGCP endpoint
mgcp reload Reload MGCP configuration
mgcp set debug Enable MGCP debugging
mgcp set debug off Disable MGCP debugging
mgcp show endpoints List defined MGCP endpoints
mixmonitor Execute a MixMonitor command.
module load Load a module by name
module reload Reload configuration
module show List modules and info
module show like List modules and info
module unload Unload a module by name
moh reload Music On Hold
moh show classes List MOH classes
moh show files List MOH file-based classes
no debug channel
originate Originate a call
queue add member Add a channel to a specified queue
queue remove member Removes a channel from a specified queue
queue show Show status of a specified queue
realtime load Used to print out RealTime variables.
realtime pgsql status Shows connection information for the Postgresql RealTime driver
realtime update Used to update RealTime variables.
restart gracefully Restart Asterisk gracefully
restart now Restart Asterisk immediately
restart when convenient Restart Asterisk at empty call volume
rtcp debug ip Enable RTCP debugging on IP
rtcp debug Enable RTCP debugging
rtcp debug off Disable RTCP debugging
rtcp stats Enable RTCP stats
rtcp stats off Disable RTCP stats
rtp debug ip Enable RTP debugging on IP
rtp debug Enable RTP debugging
rtp debug off Disable RTP debugging
say load set/show the say mode
show parkedcalls Lists parked calls
show queues
sip history Enable SIP history
sip history off Disable SIP history
sip notify Send a notify packet to a SIP peer
sip prune realtime Prune cached Realtime object(s)
sip prune realtime peer Prune cached Realtime peer(s)
sip prune realtime user Prune cached Realtime user(s)
sip reload Reload SIP configuration
sip set debug Enable SIP debugging
sip set debug ip Enable SIP debugging on IP
sip set debug off Disable SIP debugging
sip set debug peer Enable SIP debugging on Peername
sip show channels List active SIP channels
sip show channel Show detailed SIP channel info
sip show domains List our local SIP domains.
sip show history Show SIP dialog history
sip show inuse List all inuse/limits
sip show objects List all SIP object allocations
sip show peers List defined SIP peers
sip show peer Show details on specific SIP peer
sip show registry List SIP registration status
sip show settings Show SIP global settings
sip show subscriptions List active SIP subscriptions
sip show users List defined SIP users
sip show user Show details on specific SIP user
skinny reset Reset Skinny device(s)
skinny set debug Enable Skinny debugging
skinny set debug off Disable Skinny debugging
skinny show devices List defined Skinny devices
skinny show lines List defined Skinny lines per device
soft hangup Request a hangup on a given channel
stop gracefully Gracefully shut down Asterisk
stop now Shut down Asterisk immediately
stop when convenient Shut down Asterisk at empty call volume
stun debug Enable STUN debugging
stun debug off Disable STUN debugging
udptl debug Enable UDPTL debugging
udptl debug ip Enable UDPTL debugging on IP
udptl debug off Disable UDPTL debugging
voicemail show users List defined voicemail boxes
voicemail show zones List zone message formats
*CLI> [Jan 20 16:15:05] NOTICE[6579]: chan_sip.c:15094 handle_request_subscribe: Received SIP subscribe for peer without mailbox: 1001
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