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盛唐李杜:中国的诗酒之魂

Li Bai and DuFu: China's drunken superstar poets

盛唐李杜:中国的诗酒之魂


10 October 2012 Last updated at 23:06 GMT


By Carrie Gracie

BBCNews, Beijing



China's two favourite poets were born 1,300 years ago, at the beginning of the 8thCentury. The language has changed so little that they remain easy for modern Chinese people to read, and their themes are still relevant today - from friendship, love and landscape to the stench of political corruption.


中国的两位最富盛名的诗人诞生于约1300年之前,也就是8世纪初期。中国文字的延续性让今人得以赏阅古诗词,而诗词中友情、爱情、山水以及政事等恒久的主题---也是人们对唐诗津津乐道的原因之一。

Kaiser Kuo,a founder of China's first heavy-metal band, is probably one of the very few rock musicians, in any country, who draws inspiration from a poet born in701AD.

郭怡广是中国首支重金属乐队“唐朝”的创始人。也许他是这个世界上为数不多的可以从公元701年诞生的一位诗人身上得到灵感的摇滚音乐人。


"He was quite a drunkard... and writing some of his bestpoetry apparently, while completely inebriated. You know he's wild andassociated with a kind of unbridled revelry, and yeah that's part of why I lovehim," says Kuo.

郭怡广:“他可谓酒仙,他的许多佳作都是醉酒之后而成。他有一种狂野和桀骜不驯的气质,这正是我喜欢他的原因。


”He is talking about Li Bai, a poet born in Central Asia, whobecame a wandering superstar poet in China, known as "the fallenimmortal" or "the immortal of wine".

他所提到的人就是李白,中国的诗坛巨星,有着诗仙酒圣之称。


China had just emergedfrom isolation, and was falling head over heels in love with foreign culture.Moody and long-haired, the young men named their group Tang Dynasty in tribute to the artistic golden age to which Li Bai belonged.

当时中国刚走出封闭的状态,人们疯狂的追风于外来文化。这位长发激情的年轻人将自己的乐队起名“唐朝”,其意中暗指李白所在的那个文化繁荣的盛唐时代。

"If you were to grab any kid off the street and ask him,'What was the greatest dynasty in China's history?' nine out of 10 of them would answer the Tang.

“在大街上随便问一问路人中国历史上哪个朝代最辉煌?十有八九都会回答唐朝”

"Part of the reason they would give was because there was a real ethic of cosmopolitanism. You know, almost a fetish for things foreign during the time," says Kuo.

“有部分原因是,当时是一个真正的多元化时代,人们几乎对外来事物是狂热的。”郭说道。

"And it was precisely because of this openness, this receptiveness to foreign ideas, including religions like Buddhism, to foreign arts, [that] I think people would understand that a band working in an entirely foreign idiom, calling itself Tang Dynasty, was meant to evoke that same spirit."

“这种开放是非常可贵的,对外来思想的接受,包括佛教到外来艺术。我想人们会理解一个完全西方式的乐队起名‘唐朝’的意义,这样做就是希望唤起当时的那种精神。”

Every Chinese person learns poems by Li Bai, and the country's other favourite poet, Du Fu, from childhood.

每一个中国人自孩童时起,都会学习李白和杜甫的诗。


Li Bai looks to the moon - and the bottom of awine glass - for inspiration


"They are as important in Chinese literary history as Shakespeare is to people in Britain," says historian Yuan Haiwang, author of This Is China: The First 5,000 Years.

袁海旺,历史学者,也是《中国5000年》的作者,这样评价,”李白在中国文学中的地位就好比英国人眼中的莎士比亚“。

"I remember when my son was only a baby held in my arms, I began to teach him some of the poems, like every other parent does, even though of course he couldn't remember all of them. But that's what the Chinese do."

“我记得我的儿子还需要我抱着的时候,我就开始教他唐诗,就像素有的家长一样;虽然我知道孩子记不住那么多。但中国人都这样做。”

As a Chinese person living in America, far from home, Yuan particularly likes one poem by Li Bai, about the moon:

作为侨居美国的华人,袁特别喜欢李白那首描写月亮的诗:

Moonlight in front of my bed

I took it for frost on the ground

I lift my head, gaze at the mountain moon

Lower it, and think of home.

床前明月光,疑似地上霜。
举头望明月,低头思故乡。


"The moon in China has a special meaning. And when it'sfull, that represents the fullness and reunification of the family," says Yuan. "So that poem struck the deep core of my heart whenever I miss my family."

”月,在中国有着特别的含义,月圆就意味着圆满以及合家团聚“袁解释道,"因此这首诗深深触动了我的思乡之情。"

The moon also symbolises poetry and dreams, so it's fitting that it plays a role in Li Bai's death - the story is that he drowned in a river when he tried to embrace the moon's reflection.

月还是诗与梦的象征。李白的死与月有关,相传李白因追江中月影而溺死。

"He was drunk, presumably," says translator Burton Watson. "He was drunk a good deal of the time."

Portraits of Li Bai often show him in a long white gown, raisinghis wine glass to the moon.

伯顿·华岑说,”也许他醉了。李白经常处于半梦半醒的醉态。“
李白的画像,多是一袭白袍,举杯对月。


This is thought to be the only survivingcalligraphy of Li Bai


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