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【转载】品格的力量

原作者:Samual Smiles      译者: x2zhao 发表时间:2010-11-18

经典重译可以让译者不断探索中文遣词造句的可能性。同时,也让我思索:在这个日益发达的社会里,道德标准到底是下降还是提升了呢?为什么我越深入探究原文的内容,越发现它对于这个时代是如此不合时宜?求真,求善,求美,这些立足之根本,但愿并不是说说、写写而已。

 

 

                     《品格的力量》第一章1

“人必须不断地超越自我,否则,他就只是个可怜虫罢了。”——丹尼尔
“品格,是通过个人本性这一媒介所显现的道德秩序……有高尚品格的人,是他们所属社会的良心。”——爱默生


“一个国家的繁荣昌盛,并不取决于国库的充裕、防御工事的坚固、或公共建筑的华美;起决定性作用的,是其受教化的公民的数量。受过教育、思想开明、品格高尚的公民,才是国家切实的利益所在,是一国之首要优势和真正力量的来源。” ——马丁.路德

 

品格是世界上最伟大的原动力之一。高尚的品格,展现了人类最美好的一面,它让人性焕发出最大的光辉。

天才,在各个方面都散发着光辉:他们勤勤恳恳,正直无私,原则性强,信念坚定。他们赢得了全人类自发的尊敬与爱戴。人们自然而然地信赖他们,对他们充满信心,并以他们作为自己的榜样。天才维系着世间一切美好的事物,如果没有他们,这个世界也就失去了存在的价值。

尽管天资聪慧总是赢得赞美,高尚品格却最能让人获得尊敬。前者是智慧的产物,后者则源于心力。从长远来说,心灵的力量主宰着人生。天资聪慧的人,以其才智立足于社会;高尚品格的人,以其良心立足于社会——前者令人羡慕,后者让人追随。 

伟大的人总有非凡之处,但伟大本身却是相对而言的。事实上,绝大多数人的人生都有一定的局限,只有极少数的人,才能得到成就伟大的机会。但每个人都可以扮演好自己在社会上的角色,诚实正直地做人,竭力地发挥他的才干。他可以运用他的天赋,但不滥用它们去作恶。他可以努力奋斗,过好人生的每一天。即使是面对最微不足道的琐事,他都能做到真实、公正、诚信与忠贞。总而言之,无论上天把他置于怎样的位置,他都能做好自己的本分。

做好自己的本分——也就是恪尽其责,看来像是人人皆知的常识,却体现了最理想化的人生与最高贵的品格。恪尽其责并非什么英雄式的壮举,但大多数人都只是普通人,而非什么英雄。这种持久的责任感,不仅让人以积极的态度迎接生活,也能帮助人处理身边的日常琐事。人的一生,“由日常的职责所构成”。最具影响力的美德,就是那些我们在日常生活中最用得上的;它们最耐考验,也最能长久。而那些超过了常人标准、看起来最为高贵的德行,却不过是诱惑与危险的源泉。政治家伯克诚心诚意地告诉我们:“当人类的社会形态扎根于英雄主义,它的上层建筑则要么非常薄弱、要么夸张过度。”

当阿博特博士、也就是日后的坎特伯雷大主教,提及他已故友人托马斯.萨克维尔的品格时,他并非老是描绘托马斯作为政治家的种种功绩,或着眼于他作为诗人的才华横溢;他着重刻画的是托马斯在日常生活中的点滴中所展现的高尚品格。“他有着多么罕见而可贵的品质!”阿博特博士说道:“谁比他更疼爱自己的妻子?谁比他更爱护自己的孩子?谁比他对朋友更为忠诚?谁比他对敌人更为宽厚?谁比他更能信守自己的诺言?”确实,通过观察一个人如何对待关系最为密切的人,通过观察他如何处理日常的琐事,而非看他作为作家、演说家或政治家的公众形象,我们才可以更好地理解与欣赏他真正的品格。

同时,虽然在大多数情况下,责任感是普通人处理日常事务的准则;但对品格高尚的人来说,责任感也给予了他们源源不断的力量。这些人也许既无金钱,也无财物,既缺乏学问,也缺乏权势;但他们的心灵是强大的,他们的灵魂是充盈的——他们正直、诚实而恪尽其责。任何人,只要坚定而不遗余力地履行其职责,他就能无愧于人世,就能不断培养自己强大的品格。世上有许多人,除了高尚品格外一无所有,然而他们坚定地立足于世间,一如无冕之王。

文化的素养与纯洁高尚的品质之间,不存在什么必然的联系。在《新约圣经》里,屡屡出现心灵的呼唤,及“我们内心的灵魂”的感染;而提及才智的地方则少之又少。“一点点的美好生活,”乔治.赫伯特说:“抵得过一大堆的学问。”不是说可以轻视学识,而是学识必须与美德结为盟友。有时我们会发现,有些人具有学识超群,道德品质却最为卑劣;他们对身份高贵者卑躬屈膝、阿谀奉承,对地位低下者则傲慢十足、不可一世。一个人可能在艺术、文学或科学领域中成就卓越,然而,从正直、善良、诚实和恪尽其职这些美德来说,他也许还比不上一个生活贫穷、目不识丁的农民。

“你坚持,”佩尔特斯在给一位朋友的信中写道:“要尊敬那些有学问的人。好吧,算我赞成。但同时,可不要忘记,头脑的博大,思想的深刻,高尚的鉴赏力,涉世的经验,文雅的举止,老道的处事,充沛的活力,对真理的追求,对诚实的坚持,对他人的友善——所有这些,也许正是一个学问渊博的人所需要学习的。”

 

                    《品格的力量》第一章2


世间最宝贵的是什么?财富与品格之间有何关系?道德准则如何确立?此章节将回答这些关于品格修养的问题。


沃尔特.斯科特爵士听到有人对文学天赋及文学成就的价值大溢赞美之辞,将其价值抬高至一切事物之上,认为其理应受到最高的尊敬和无尚的赞颂。他就感慨道:“上帝啊,救救我们!如果此人所言千真万确,这会是个多么可悲的世界!我读过浩如烟海的书籍,也曾与众多这一时代声名显赫、学识渊博的人对谈交流;然而我向你保证,我从目不识丁的劳苦大众口中,听过更高尚的话语:在困苦愁烦面前,他们展现了朴素的灵魂和高贵的英雄主义;在谈到朋友邻居的际遇之时,他们流露出自己简单质朴的思想——这些都比我在《圣经》中读到的更为令人感动。除非我们真正懂得,与心灵的素养相比,世间万物都不过是一片虚空;我们将永远不能学会去感受内心的召唤,去尊重生命的真正需求。”
财富的多少与品格的提升,两者之间绝对不存在任何的必然联系。反之,财富往往成了腐化和堕落的罪魁祸首。财富与堕落,奢侈与恶行——它们常常共同出现,就如同胞兄弟。财富,若是落到意志软弱、无法自律、缺乏理性的人手里,就只不过是难以抗拒的诱惑和陷阱罢了。财富对于他们来说,可能只是无穷祸患的开端,更甚或会造成对他者的伤害。
与其相对,贫穷潦倒的生活与最为高尚的品格却是和谐一致的。一个人也许除了他的勤勉、朴素与正直以外一无所有,但他才却可以成为一个顶天立地的人。伯恩斯父亲给他的忠告说得最妙:“他叮嘱我说,即使身上没有一个子儿,也要做个像样的男子汉;没有诚实的心灵,这种人可不值一提。”

有一个北方农村的劳动者,是笔者认识的人之中,品格最为纯洁和高尚的人之一。他靠自己每周十个先令的微薄收入,让一家人过上了好的生活。尽管他只在一所平常的教会学校接受了普通的基础教育,他却是一个智慧超群、思想深刻的人。他的藏书里包括《圣经》、《弗拉维尔》和《波士敦》等等,除了《圣经》以外,其他的书大概都是人们闻所未闻的。华兹华斯著名的哲理诗《隐者》所刻画的形象,就像是为他量身定做的一般。他勤勉而质朴地生活与工作,直到生命终结之时。他的现实智慧,他的心地善良,他推动而成的每一件善事——这些在他身后留下了不朽之名,足以让那些比他更有权势、钱财更多的人心生羡嫉。

当马丁.路德去世之时,他身后留下的,就像他遗嘱里所表明的那样:“没有现金,没有任何形式的财物。”在他人生的某些阶段,他一度穷困潦倒,必须靠车工、园艺和制造钟表来过活。然而,在那些日子里,他靠双手劳作养活自己,同时也是为整个国家塑造高尚的品格;他的美德,他所受到的广泛爱戴与效仿,都使德国所有的王公贵族相形见绌。
品格就是财富。它是人能拥有的最为尊贵的财产。品格,这一恒久的财富,赢得了世人普遍的善意与尊敬。谁投资了品格——尽管他在这物质世界里不会变得富有——但作为回报,他会体面地得到人们的尊重与良好的名声。毋庸置疑,好的品质理应在世间声名远播:勤勉、美德和善良,理应被奉为人生最高的准则;而品格最为高尚的人,会把其作为对自己的首要要求。
仅仅是“诚实”这一简单的信念,就能伴你走过人生的远路;它的根基,是对自我的公正评价,以及坚定地遵守自己认定的真理。它让人顶天立地,给予人力量,滋养人生命,并赋予人强大的精神动力。“没有任何人”,本杰明.卢德亚德爵士曾说过:“是注定会变得富有、伟大或充满智慧的;但每一个人,都有义务做一个诚实的人。”

然而,除了诚实的品质以外,正确的人生目标,还必须要被其他正确的原则所激发;在追寻目标的途中,必须毫不动摇地坚持真理、正直和诚信。缺乏原则的人,就如同失去船舵和指南针的帆船,只能随波逐流,最终成为这样的人:目无法律、目无规则,即无秩序,也不能掌控自我。“道德准则,”哲学家休谟说:“是整个社会的,也是世界性的。邪恶行径与混乱无序,是道德准则的公敌;在某种意义上,道德准则的形成,就是人类为对抗这一公敌而结成的党派。”


                    《品格的力量》第一章3


如何让生命奔腾不息,而非一潭死水?如何保持一颗正直、高尚的心灵?本章节通过一个个名人故事,为我们娓娓道来。


Epictetus once received a visit from a certain magnificent orator going to Rome on a lawsuit, who wished to learn from the stoic something of his philosophy. Epictetus received his visitor coolly, not believing in his sincerity. "You will only criticise my style," said he; "not really wishing to learn principles."--"Well, but," said the orator, "if I attend to that sort of thing; I shall be a mere pauper, like you, with no plate, nor equipage, nor land."--"I don't WANT such things," replied Epictetus; "and besides, you are poorer than I am, after all. Patron or no patron, what care I? You DO care. I am richer than you. I don't care what Caesar thinks of me. I flatter no one. This is what I have, instead of your gold and silver plate. You have silver vessels, but earthenware reasons, principles, appetites. My mind to me a kingdom is, and it furnishes me with abundant and happy occupation in lieu of your restless idleness. All your possessions seem small to you; mine seem great to me.Your desire is insatiate--mine is satisfied." [105]
爱比克泰德有一回接待了一位相当厉害的演说家;这位演说家要去罗马打官司,途中特地拜访爱比克泰德,声称想学一点他的斯多葛主义哲学。爱比克泰德并不相信这位拜访者是诚心来向自己学习的,对他很冷漠。“你只是想批评我的作风,并不是真的想学什么主义。”爱比克泰德说。“嗯,我承认;不过,”演说家说道:“如果我致力于那些主义,我就只能是一个穷人,就像你一样——没有银质餐具、没有马车、没有侍从、没有土地。”“我压根儿不想要你说的那些东西,”爱比克泰德回答道:“此外,其实你比我更穷。有没有靠山,难道我会在乎么?你可真在乎得很——所以说我比你富有。我不在乎凯撒王怎么看我,我不奉承任何人。这就是我所拥有的东西,而你只有你的金子和银质餐具。不错,你的容器都是银做的;但你的判断力、你的原则、你的欲望,都是不值一钱的陶土构造的。对于我来说,我的思想就是一整个王国,它为我提供了充实而快乐的职业;而非像你这样日复一日的无所事事。你觉得你所拥有的少得可怜,而我认为我所拥有的太多太多。你的欲望总是无法满足,而我从来都过得称心如意。”

Talent is by no means rare in the world; nor is even genius. But can the talent be trusted?--can the genius? Not unless based on truthfulness--on veracity. It is this quality more than any other that commands the esteem and respect, and secures the confidence of others. Truthfulness is at the foundation of all personal excellence. It exhibits itself in conduct. It is rectitude--truth in action, and shines through every word and deed. It means reliableness, and convinces other men that it can be trusted. And a man is already of consequence in the world when it is known that he can be relied on,--that when he says he knows a thing, he does know it,--that when he says he will do a thing, he can do, and does it. Thus reliableness becomes a passport to the general esteem and confidence of mankind.
在这世上,有才能的人并不是稀缺之物,甚至天才也非少见。然而,我们能信赖这些有才能的人吗?能信赖这些天才吗?答案是不能。只有一种情况下除外:这些人是诚实的,他们所做的一切,都基于一颗真诚的心。诚实,它比其它任何一种品质都更需要获得重视和尊敬,它也是其它优秀品质的可靠保证。诚实是一切个人优秀品质的根基。它在行动中得到展示。它就是正直:这实际行动中的真理,在每一句话语、每一个行为中熠熠闪光。它意味着可以信赖,也能说服别人它是可被信赖的。一个可被人们信赖的人,当他告诉别人他知道一个事物,他的确是知道;当他说要做一件事情,就有做这件事的能力,而且确实把做成了;那么这个人已经在世上产生了影响力。因此,诚信是人类获得尊重与信任的通行证。
In the affairs of life or of business, it is not intellect that tells so much as character,--not brains so much as heart,--not genius so much as self-control, patience, and discipline, regulated by judgment. Hence there is no better provision for the uses of either private or public life, than a fair share of ordinary good sense guided by rectitude. Good sense, disciplined by experience and inspired by goodness, issues in practical wisdom. Indeed, goodness in a measure implies wisdom--the highest wisdom--the union of the worldly with the spiritual. "The correspondences of wisdom and goodness," says Sir Henry Taylor, "are manifold; and that they will accompany each other is to be inferred, not only because men's wisdom makes them good, but because their goodness makes them wise." [106]
在日常生活或工作的事件中,被看重的是一个人的品格,而非智力;是他的心灵,而非他的头脑;是他的自我控制力、他的毅力和通过判断力所约束的教养,而非他的天赋。因此,由正直引导而产生了这样一种优秀的日常判断力,无论在个人生活亦或公共生活中,再没有什么是比它更棒了。这样的日常判断力,由经验所约束,由善良所激发,就产生了现实的智慧。确实,善良在某种程度上意味着智慧——那是最高的智慧,是世俗与精神的结合点。“智慧与善良的相通之处,”亨利.泰勒说:“是多方面而言的;它们如影随行,提到一个必然就会想到另外一个。这不只因为人们的智慧会使他们变得善良,更是因为他们的善良让他们拥有了智慧。”
It is because of this controlling power of character in life that we often see men exercise an amount of influence apparently out of all proportion to their intellectual endowments. They appear to act by means of some latent power, some reserved force, which acts secretly, by mere presence. As Burke said of a powerful nobleman of the last century, "his virtues were his means." The secret is, that the aims of such men are felt to be pure and noble, and they act upon others with a constraining power.
这一种品格在生活中具有决定性力量。正因为如此,我们常会发现,人们凭借这种品格产生的影响力,远非凭借聪明的天赋所产生的影响力可以相比。人们看来是通过一种隐藏的权力来行动:这一种深处的力量,只通过纯粹的存在,不动声色地起着作用。诚如伯克所说的那个上世纪的大贵族:“他的美德就是他的方法。”秘密就在于,大家都感到这种人的目的是纯粹而高尚的,这些人的行动对其他人产生了控制性的力量。

Though the reputation of men of genuine character may be of slow growth, their true qualities cannot be wholly concealed. They may be misrepresented by some, and misunderstood by others; misfortune and adversity may, for a time, overtake them but, with patience and endurance, they will eventually inspire the respect and command the confidence which they really deserve.
拥有真诚品格的人,他们的名声也许累积得很慢,但他们真正的品质却不会被全然埋没。他们也许会被一些人歪曲,被另外一些人误解;也许有些时候,不幸与厄运会把他们击倒;然而,他们有着恒久的毅力和忍耐力,最终将赢得尊敬、赢得信赖——这都是他们真正应得的。

It has been said of Sheridan that, had he possessed reliableness of character, he might have ruled the world; whereas, for want of it, his splendid gifts were comparatively useless. He dazzled and amused, but was without weight or influence in life or politics. Even the poor pantomimist of Drury Lane felt himself his superior. Thus, when Delpini one day pressed the manager for arrears of salary, Sheridan sharply reproved him, telling him he had forgotten his station. "No, indeed,
Monsieur Sheridan, I have not," retorted Delpini; "I know the difference between us perfectly well. In birth, parentage, and education, you are superior to me; but in life, character, and behaviour, I am superior to you."
谢里丹说过,如果他拥有诚信,他也许可以统治世界;然而,由于他缺乏这种品质,他了不起的天赋就变得徒劳无用了。他的才华令人眩目,而且让人笑逐颜开;然而对于生活或政治都没有产生价值和影响。即使是特鲁利街戏院区的一个穷困潦倒的哑剧演员,都觉得自己比他优秀:当德尔皮尼有一天向剧院经理追讨欠薪时,谢里丹严厉地斥责了他,说他“忘了自己的位置”;德尔皮尼反驳道:“不是的,谢里丹先生,实际上,我并没有忘记。我对我们两人之间的差异了然于胸。从出身、血统和教育来说,你比我优秀;然而从生活、人品和行为来说,我比你优秀。”

Unlike Sheridan, Burke, his countryman, was a great man of character. He was thirty-five before he gained a seat in Parliament, yet he found time to carve his name deep in the political history of England. He was a man of great gifts, and of transcendent force of character. Yet he had a weakness, which proved a serious defect--it was his want of temper; his
genius was sacrificed to his irritability. And without this apparently minor gift of temper, the most splendid endowments may be comparatively valueless to their possessor.
与谢里丹不同,伯克、他的同胞,是一个拥有高尚品格的人。在获得议会的一个席位之前,伯克已经三十五岁了;然而他经受了时间的考验,在英国的政治史上深深地刻下了自己的姓名。他有伟大的才能,也有卓越的人格魅力。不过他有一个缺点,后来被证实是致命的缺陷——他缺乏温和的性情,他的天才毁于他的易怒中。温和的性情:这看起来显然是微不足道的品格;然而一旦缺乏了它,最为出众的才能对其拥有者而言,大概都只能算是毫无价值的了。

Character is formed by a variety of minute circumstances, more or less under the regulation and control of the individual. Not a day passes without its discipline, whether for good or for evil. There is no act, however trivial, but has its train of consequences, as there is no hair so small but casts its shadow. It was a wise saying of Mrs. Schimmelpenninck's mother, never to give way to what is little; or by that little, however you may despise it, you will be practically governed.
品格由种种琐碎的细节所构成,个人多少能约束与掌控着它。由品格所养成的规矩,无论是好是坏,都会在你人生的每一天都留下痕迹。没有任何一种行为——哪怕它再微不足道,不会造成一系列的后果;如同没有一根头发——哪怕它再纤细微小,不能映下它的影子。Schimmelpenninck夫人的母亲说得妙:不要向哪怕再细微的坏习惯让步,否则,无论你如何厌恶它,你实际上都已经被它掌控。


Every action, every thought, every feeling, contributes to the education of the temper, the habits, and understanding; and exercises an inevitable influence upon all the acts of our future life. Thus character is undergoing constant change, for better or for worse--either being elevated on the one hand, or degraded on the other. "There is no fault nor folly of my life," says Mr. Ruskin, "that does not rise up against me, and take away my joy, and shorten my power of possession, of sight, of understanding. And every past effort of my life, every gleam of rightness or good in it, is with me now, to help me in my grasp of this art and its vision." [107]
每一个行为、每一种思想、每一处感受,都有助于训练我们的性情、习惯与认知;同时对我们今后人生里的一切举动,都造成了无可避免的影响。因此人的品格经历着持续的变化,越变越好,或是越变越坏——或者是被提升,或者是堕落下去。“我人生里没有一个错误、一件蠢事,”英国艺术批评家拉斯金说:“不会起来攻击我、夺走我的快乐,削弱我自制的能力,狭隘我的视野,降低我的领悟力。而我过去人生里的每一份努力,此间的每一份微弱的正义或善意,如今都伴随着我,助我抓住这艺术的神韵及其远景。”
The mechanical law, that action and reaction are equal, holds true also in morals. Good deeds act and react on the doers of them; and so do evil. Not only so: they produce like effects, by the influence of example, on those who are the subjects of them. But man is not the creature, so much as he is the creator, of circumstances: [108] and, by the exercise of his freewill, he can direct his actions so that they shall be productive of good rather than evil. "Nothing can work me
damage but myself," said St. Bernard; "the harm that I sustain I carry about with me; and I am never a real sufferer but by my own fault."
作用力和反作用力是相等的,这是力学的定律,在道德品行中同样适用。好的行为会作用与反作用于行为人身上;恶的行为同样如此。不仅如此:这些行为会通过范例的作用,对行为的实施者产生种种影响。但与其说人是环境的创造物,不如他说是其创造者:[108]而且,人通过运用他的自由意志,可以控制他的行为,让这些行为都出自善而非恶。“除了我自己以外,没有东西能对我造成损害,”圣.伯纳德说:“我自己所造成的损害,我到哪里都要负担着它;我从不曾是一个真正的受难者,除非是在我自己的过错中受难。”

The best sort of character, however, cannot be formed without effort. There needs the exercise of constant self- atchfulness, self-discipline, and self-control. There may be much faltering, stumbling, and temporary defeat; difficulties and temptations manifold to be battled with and overcome; but if the spirit be strong and the heart be upright, no one
need despair of ultimate success. The very effort to advance--to arrive at a higher standard of character than we have reached--is inspiring and invigorating; and even though we may fall short of it, we cannot fail to be improved by every, honest effort made in an upward direction.
然而,一种最好的品格,不可能不费吹灰之力而生。要养成好的品格,必须要有持续的自我警醒、自我约束和自我控制。这过程中,总会有许多的动摇不定、不慎失足与暂时的挫败;有种种的困难和诱惑在等待你去战胜、去克服。但如果你的灵魂坚定,你的心灵正直,你根本不会怀疑你将摘取最终的胜利果实。为使我们的品格达到比目前更高的标准,这一种前进的努力,激动人心而令人鼓舞;即使我们并未达到预期的目标,但我们往正确的方向一点一滴地做着真诚的努力,这让我们总是不断地进步着。
And with the light of great examples to guide us--representatives of humanity in its best forms--every one is not only justified, but bound in duty, to aim at reaching the highest standard of character: not to become the richest in means, but in spirit; not the greatest in worldly position, but in true honour; not the most intellectual, but the most virtuous; not the most powerful and influential, but the most truthful,upright, and honest.
伟大榜样——那是至善至美的人性所形成的代表,在他们光照与指引下,每一个人都不仅仅是公在的存在,而且要义不容辞地履行责任,以达到最高的品格标准。这最高的品格标准,不是拥有最多的财产,而是精神上最为富有;不是取得了世俗生活中的最高位置,而是获得了最高的真正声誉;不是最聪明的,而是最有美德的;不是最有权势和最富影响力的,而是最诚实、最正直和最率真的。

It was very characteristic of the late Prince Consort--a man himself of the purest mind, who powerfully impressed and influenced others by the sheer force of his own benevolent nature--when drawing up the conditions of the annual prize to be given by Her Majesty at Wellington College, to determine that it should be awarded, not to the cleverest boy, nor to the most bookish boy, nor to the most precise, diligent, and prudent boy,--but to the noblest boy, to the boy who should show the most promise of becoming a large-hearted, high-motived man. [109]
已故的女皇丈夫,就是这样一个高尚品格的代表。他拥有最纯洁的灵魂,他通慈爱的本质,是最为纯粹的力量,深深地撼动和影响了其他所有的人:当他在威灵顿大学授予女皇殿下一年一度的奖项,他这样描述获得这个荣耀的条件:不是最聪明的孩子,而是最好读书的孩子;不是最严谨、最勤奋和最精明的孩子,而是最高尚的孩子——那个孩子显出了最大的潜力,会成长为仁慈宽厚的人。

Character exhibits itself in conduct, guided and inspired by principle,integrity, and practical wisdom. In its highest form, it is the individual will acting energetically under the influence of religion, morality, and reason. It chooses its way considerately, and pursues it steadfastly; esteeming duty above reputation, and the approval of conscience more than the world's praise. While respecting the personality of others, it preserves its own individuality and independence; and has the courage to be morally honest, though it may be unpopular, trusting tranquilly to time and experience for recognition.
品格在行为中得到展现,由原则、正直和实际智慧所引导和激发。在品格的最高形式中,个人会在宗教、道德和理智的作用下,积极地行动。个人会慎重地选择自己的人生道路,不懈地追求高尚的品格;认为责任高于个人荣耀,良心要高于世人的赞美。在尊重他人品性的同时,能够保留自己的个性与独立,并勇于追求最诚实的品格——虽然这种品格也许并不受欢迎,但他平静地坚信,这种品格能经受时间和事物的考验。

Although the force of example will always exercise great influence upon the formation of character, the self-originating and sustaining force of one's own spirit must be the mainstay. This alone can hold up the life, and give individual independence and energy. "Unless man can erect himself above himself," said Daniel, a poet of the Elizabethan era, "how poor a thing is man!" Without a certain degree of practical efficient force--compounded of will, which is the root, and wisdom, which is the stem of character--life will be indefinite and purposeless--like a body of stagnant water, instead of a running stream doing useful work and keeping the machinery of a district in motion.
虽然榜样的力量总是极有力地影响着品格的形成,个人精神上自发的、持续的努力,却是品格形成的关键。这种努力足够伴你走过人生长路,并给予你独立的能力和无限的力量。“除非人能不断地超越自我”,伊丽莎白女皇时代的诗人丹尼尔说:“否则,他是多么可怜的东西啊!”实际的有效力量,以意志力为根基,以智慧为其枝干。如果缺乏这种力量,人生将变得模糊不定,毫无意义可言:就如同一潭死水,而非奔腾不息的河流——总在进行有效的工作,推动整个地区的机械运作,让世界充满勃勃的生机。

【塞缪尔·斯迈尔斯】——点击进入百度百科
塞缪尔·斯迈尔斯(1812-1904)是英国19世纪伟大的道德学家、著名的社会改革家和脍炙人口的散文随笔作家。

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