高考英语单项选择满分技巧及训练题

高考英语单项选择满分技巧

一．命题原则

突出语境，强化语意，强调运用

二．单项选择题命题特点

覆盖面广，重点突出

突出在语境中运用知识的考查

淡化语法结构，重视能力

三．英语单项选择解题技巧

（一）分析句子结构

1.This is the main use that the scientists make______ natural resources.

A. in B. up of C. from D. of

有些试题的考本来十分简单, 但命题者却通过使用定语从句,或者将我们十分熟悉的固定词组有意拆开,重新组合,使我们在结构上产生错觉。that the scientists make…是定语从句,关系代词that是代表先行词use的,将其置入定语从句中,就得到that the scientists make use..显然是考查make use of 这一词组。正确答案是D。

（二）找准关键词语

2.It is______ any wonder that his friend doesn't like watching television much.

A. no B. such C. nearly D. hardly

此题的关键词是any, 因为any常用于疑问句、否定句或条件句中,而此句不是疑问句，也不是条件句,所以应该是否定句。no本身就相当于not any，于是排除A。.因此，正确答案D(hardly=almost not)。

（三）补全省略成分

3.---What do you think made Mary so upset?

--- ______her new bike.

A. Lost B. As she lost C. Losing D. Because of losing

口语中会使用一些省略句，作题是若将被省略的成分补充完整，答案就会一目了然。此题将答句补全，就是Losing her new bike made Mary so upset。显然，只能选C，用动名词作主语。

（四）适当转换句式

4.---Mr. Wang ,whom would you rather ______ the important meeting?

---Tom.

A. have attend B. have attended

C. having attend D. have to attend

有时将题干的句式转换成自己更熟悉的句式，就很容易选出正确答案。如：将疑问句、强调句、感叹句或倒装句改为陈述句，将被动句改为主动句，将无序句调整为正常句。此题若将疑问句改为陈述句，就是I have Tom attend the important meeting。其中would rather 后必须跟动词原形，have sb do sth.所以选A。

（五）注意标点符号

5.There are eight tips in Dr. Roger’s lecture on sleep, and one of them is:______ to bed early unless you think it is necessary.

A. doesn’t go B. not to go C. not going D. don’t go

标点有时对我们作题有提示的作用。此题很容易选B,认为是不定式做表语。其实冒号已经表明后面是Dr.Roger讲的原话，这原话应当是个句子，只有选D才构成一个否定的祈使句。

（六）删除干扰部分

6.We agree to accept______ they thought was the best tourist guide.

A. whichever B. whoever C. whatever D. whomever

就是将起干扰作用的定语从句、介词短语或插入语，如I think/ suppose/believe，do you think/ suppose/believe， you know，of course等删除，从而更容易地选出正确答案。此题去掉插入语they thought ，可知宾语从句缺主语，又能与the best tourist guide 搭配的，只有答案B。

（七）利用对称结构

7.---English has a large vocabulary, hasn't it?

---Yes. ______ more words and expressions and you will find it easier to read and communicate.

A. Know B. Knowing C. To know D. Known

就是在作题的过程中要善于利用and, but等并列连词。若前面是个句子，后面也是个句子，反之亦然；若连接的是几个动词，这几个动词也必定是同一时态或同一形式。此题第二个and后面是个句子，所以前面也必定是一个句子，但是前面这个句子没有主语，只能选用动词原形，构成一个祈使句，因此答案是A。

又如：On Saturday afternoon, Mrs. Green went to the market, ______some bananas and visited her cousin.

A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy

（八）检查有无谓语

8.He wrote five novels, two of ______translated into English.

A. it B. them C. which D. that

有时看似有两个句子，于是就选连词，正好掉进命题人设计的陷阱。事实上，有时貌似句子的“句子”却没有谓语，其中的动词只是一个非谓语动词（多为分词）。此题很容易误选C，以为后面是非限制性定语从句。事实上， translated是过去分词，而不是谓语动词，后面不是句子，无须连词，所以答案是B。若在translated前加上were，were translated就是谓语，这时就选连词which。

（九）熟记固定搭配

9.Mr. Smith used to smoke ______ but he has given it up.

A. seriously B. heavily C. badly D. hardly

在平时的学习中注意积累一些常见的固定句式、动词与副词的搭配、名词和形容词的搭配等。因为指烟瘾或酒瘾很重，要用heavy或heavily ，因此答案是B。此外，雨雪下得“大”、烟雾“浓”、交通“拥挤”、波涛“汹涌”等，也用heavy。

（十）消除思维定势

10.Everyone here will thank the firefighter for the things they have done to prevent fires______ the environment safer.

A. make B. to making C. to make D. from making

有些试题的题干，看上去好象就是固定搭配，我们高兴地完成以后，结果却做错了。要从句子结构上或者句子意思上分析，以免步入命题者设计的陷阱。此题容易误选D，以为是考查prevent sb. /sth. from doing 这一固定搭配的。其实，“使环境更安全”是“他们为防火所做的工作”的目的，所以用动词不定式，选C。

（十一）查看有无连词

11.If an excellent Chinese novel is translated into English, ______means many more people in the world can enjoy it.

A. as B. which C. what D. that

若经查实，前后的确是两个句子，就要看其中一个分句是否已经用了连词。若已经用了连词，一般不选连词，若没有用连词，就一定要选连词。此题已有连词If，选D，若没有If，就选B， which引导一个非限制性定语从句。

（十二）正确把握语境

12. I agree with most of what you said, but I don’t agree with ______.

A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing

有时孤立地看留空格的那个句子，好象多个答案都可以，但与上下句的意思联系起来，就会发现问题。因此，奇速英语提醒做题时一定要把握语境。此题答案选A。B答案的意思是I don’t agree with anything 等于I agree with nothing.这就与前一分句的意思发生矛盾了。

（十三）识别相似句型

13. ______is known to everybody, light travels much faster than sound.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

14.______is known to everybody that light travels much faster than sound.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

15. _____ is known to everybody is that light travels much faster than sound.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

有的句型十分相似，若不仔细分辨，很容易出错。13题选B，as引导一个非限定性定语从句，先行词是后面整个句子。14题选A，it是形式主语， that引导主语从句；15题在that前加个is，则应选D， what引导的是主语从句， that引导的是表语从句。

四．奇速英语方法归纳

分析法：分析句子结构或语言习惯，使句子“合法”。

排除法：排除句子中某些附加成分，使其简单直接。

补全法：补全省略部分，连接思维序列中的断点。

推断法：根据上下文依据，判断空格所依据的信息。

还原法：通过转换句型还原句子本来面目，以便理解句意。

[练析30题

1．—What field will your son go into after graduation from Nanjing University?

—I’m not quite certain, but he ____ a good teacher of English.

A．promises B．becomes C．makes D．proves

2．I ____ to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldn’t get away.

A．was planning B．planned C．had planned D．would plan

3．I am trying to be the kind of boss that the workers will .

A．live up to B．look up to C．watch out for D．put up with

4．I think Tom will _______ a good monitor, so I’m going to vote for him.

A．get B．grow C．make D．remain

5．The old couple decided to ____ a boy and a girl though they had three children of their own.

A．adapt B．bring C．receive D．adopt

6．A diligent work, however, does not necessarily much achievements or honor which are expected by someone.

A．take over B．result in

C．hold on D．keep to

7．—How do you think I should receive the reporter?

— _______ you feel about him, try to be polite.

A．How B．What C．Whatever D．However

8．— What should I wear to attend his wedding party?

— Dress _______ you like.

A．what B．however C．whatever D．how

9．— May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?

— No, you can’t go out _______ your work is being done.

A．before B．until C．as D．the moment

10．He does so little work in the office that for all practical purposes it would make no difference _______ he didn’t come.

A．if B．when C．why D．whether

11．Asia has achieved more in controlling the bird flu than Europe in the past few years, _______ the number of people infected with the virus is going up sharply.

A．when B．that C．so that D．where

12．— Oh, life is so boring!

—Please don’t think so . I suppose you’ve come to the point _______ a change is needed.

A．where B．when C．which D．as

13．— I can’t find Mr Brown. Where did you meet him this morning?

—It was in the hotel _______ he stayed.

A．that B．which C．where D．when

14．The employers often give the job to _______ they believe have work experience with a strong sense of duty.

A．whoever B．whomever C．who D．those who

15．— Let’s go to a place _______ we can make a round—trip in one day?

—What about one _______ we can climb and swim?

A．to which; where B．where; where

C．where; in which D．in which; where

16．I don’t doubt ________ the plan will be well-conceived.

A．that B．whether C．why D．when

17．—Lucy doesn’t seem to be what she was.

—No. so much in the war has made her more thoughtful.

A．Seen B．Her seeing C．Having seen D．To have seen

18． twice a year, whether it is a car or a bus or a truck, is the rule that every driver must obey in this city.

A．Examining B．Examined

C．Being examined D．Having been examined

19．It seemed a pity they ate it after all the trouble they had in

making it.

A．met B．shared C．taken D．made

20．We hope the building project will be completed as

soon as possible because a lot of citizens are complaining about the noises.

A．to be carried out B．carried out

C．being carried out D．carrying out

21．I have no one ______ me, for I am a new comer here.

A．help B．helping C．to help D．to have helped

22．—Professor, do you have something _______ at this moment?

— No, thanks. I’ll call you if any.

A．to be typed B．to type C．typing D．typed

23．No matter how frequently _____ ，the works of Shakespeare always attract large audiences．

A．performing B．to be performed

C．performed D．being performed

24．He narrowly missed being seriously hurt, if not______, by the explosion.

A．killed B．being killed C．be killed D．to be killed

25．You must follow the directions exactly, and if you should become_______ , you must take the time to go back again and read them over.

A．confused B．to be confused C．to confuse D．confusing

26．I’ll do whatever I can _________ my English.

A．improve B．to improve C．improving D．to improving

27．On the third floor there are two rooms, _____ is used as a meeting-room.

A．one of them 　 B．the larger of which

C．and a larger of them D．the largest one of which

28．Within industries，companies are always trying to develop products that are one step better than _____ of other companies．

A．one B．that C．those D．all

29．His sudden look of fear made _____ clear that he had something to do with the matter.

A．him B．this C．it D．that

30．—Are there any English story-books for us students in the library?

—There are only a few, _______________.

A．if any B．if some C．if many D．if much

[解析

1．答案：A。本题考查动词在具体语境中的意义。promise在此处的意思为“预示会成为”，其他三个选项的动词意义与本题语境不符。

2．答案：C。考查时态。had planned发生called和couldn’t get away之前。

3．答案：B。look up to尊敬；live up to达到；符合；不辜负（他人的期望）；watch out for 当心；put up with容忍。

4．答案：C。考查动词词义辨析。make a good monitor“（有条件）成为一位好班长”。

5．答案：D。adopt作“收养”讲。adapt适应，常构成adapt to。

6．答案：B。result in相当于cause。take over接替；接管；接收；hold on抓紧，不放松；别挂断；keep to遵守诺言等。

7. 答案：D。however引导让步状语从句。在从句中作feel的表语。句意为“不管你觉得他怎么，尽量礼貌的对他。”本题易误选C。

8．答案：B。dress后面不能跟物，dress sb.；however you like相当于in whatever way you like,根据语境，可以看出应选B。本题受思维定式的影响易误选C。

9．答案：C。本题易误选B。根据后面的…is being done可以看出“因为你正在做作业，所以不能出去。”其他选项不符合句意。

10．答案：A。本题易误选D。根据句意“他在工作中是一个不足以轻重的人，所以如果他不来也不会有什么影响”，可以看出if符合逻辑。

11．答案：D。本题易误选A。where引导的是非限制性定语从句，以说明欧洲在控制the bird flu病毒方面的情况，从而与亚洲形成对比。

12．答案：A。本题易误选B。此处的point意为“特定的情况或地方”，关系副词where引导定语从句修饰point。

13．答案：C。本题易误选A。显然he stayed是定语从句修饰the hotel。强调句应是It was in the hotel where he stayed that I met him this morning. 提示：注意与强调句的区别。

14．答案：D。本题易误选A。注意空后have的主语必须是复数，由此可排除A，whomever不能作主语。who含有疑问，所以D符合语法和语境。

15．答案：A。本题易误选C。根据make a …trip to…搭配，可以看出第一空填to；第二空where引导定语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，用来说明climb和swim的地点。

16．答案：A。doubt后可以接that，whether或if：whether一般引导一个间接问句，所以当主语所代表的人确实不知如何选择判断时，传统上就用whether，例如： Sue has studied so much philosophy this year that she’s begun to doubt whether she exists. 今年苏钻研哲学下了不少功夫，现在她都开始怀疑自己是否存在了。而当 doubt用来低调表示“不相信，不信任”之意的时候，则用that，例如：I doubt that we’ve seen the last of that problem.我不相信我们完全解决了那个问题。另外，在否定句及疑问句中，当doubt后的从句所作陈述被认为是真时，用that，例如本题。句意：我相信这计划会被充分领会。

17．答案：B。本题易误选C。her seeing在句子中作主语，故只能用动名词，不能用分词。

18．答案：C。本题易误选B。考查动名词的用法，名中whether it is a car…为让步状语从句，is 为系词，故少主语。A、B、C、D中只有C可作主语表被动。

19．答案：C。本题易误选B和D。考查搭配，take great trouble in doning sth.意为“费力干某事”。

20．答案：C。本题易误选A、B。句子结构是：we hope后面是一个宾语从句。主句是the building project will be complete as soon as possible，再后面是一个原因状语从句。中间应该做定语来修饰the building project。carry out是完成、执行的意思。在本题中我们可以看到市民抱怨的是噪音的巨大，所以工程己经开始了，并且正在进行。同时carry out跟修饰语是动宾关系。

21．答案：C。本题易误选A。根据句意可知空白处的非谓语是作定语，是have sb./ sth. to do结构,要区别开have(使…) sB．do sth.结构。

22．答案：A。本题易误选B和D。B项的执行者应是secretary而不是professor；动词不定式常与即将完成的动作相联，所以CD错。

23．答案：C。

24．答案：A。if not=if he was not killed，省略了与前面相同的成分。

25．答案：A。“become+adj.”表“变成某一状态”之意。sb be confused某人被弄得糊涂了。

26．答案：B。此处是不定式表目的状语。Can后省略了和主语相同的部分（do）。

27．答案：B。两间房间所以用比较级不用最高级，排除D。A前加and， C中必须用the。

28．答案：C。

29．C。it做形式宾语。

30．答案：A。if any 是if there are any books的省略句，意思是说“如果有书的话，也只有几本”。

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