最新研究显示，老年人日间过度嗜睡可能是多种疾病的预警信号

近日美国神经病学会年会（AAN2020）发布了美国斯坦福大学进行的一项新研究。该研究发现，老年人日间过度嗜睡会增加糖尿病、癌症以及高血压等疾病风险。过度嗜睡的人患上这些疾病的可能性是正常睡眠的人的两倍，并且嗜睡还与骨骼肌肉和结缔组织疾病的进展有关。

研究人员两次通过电话采访了参与者，中间相隔三年。在第一次采访中，有23％的65岁以上的人符合过度嗜睡的标准。

在第二次调查中，有24% 的人表示睡眠过度。 其中41% 的人说嗜睡是一个长期的问题。 研究发现，在第一次电话采访中报告自己嗜睡的人，三年后患糖尿病或高血压的风险是那些没有嗜睡经历的人的2.3倍。 他们患癌症的几率也是普通人的两倍。 在第一次调查中有840人报告说有嗜睡，其中52人(6.2%)患上了糖尿病，而白天从不嗜睡的人中有74人(2.9%)患上了糖尿病。 另外，在840名有嗜睡症状的人中，有20人(2.4%)患上了癌症，而白天从不嗜睡的人中只有21人(0.8%)患上了癌症。 研究人员调整了其他可能影响白天嗜睡的因素，如性别和睡眠呼吸暂停，结果仍然相同。

在两次采访中报告白天嗜睡的人患心脏病的风险高出2.5倍。 仅在第二次访谈中报告嗜睡的人比那些没有白天嗜睡的人患肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织疾病的可能性高50% ，如关节炎、肌腱炎和狼疮。

该研究的局限性在于它依赖于参与者的记忆，而不是在睡眠诊所监控他们的睡眠时间和质量以及白天的嗜睡情况。

原文如下：

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE UNTIL 4 PM ET, March 01, 2020ARE GRANDMA, GRANDPA SLEEPY DURING THE DAY? THEY MAY BE AT RISK FOR DIABETES, CANCER, MORE

MINNEAPOLIS – Older people who experience daytime sleepiness may be at risk of developing new medical conditions, including diabetes, cancer and high blood pressure, according to a preliminary study released today that will be presented at the American Academy of Neurology's 72nd Annual Meeting in Toronto, Canada, April 25 to May 1, 2020.

The condition called hypersomnolence is defined as excessive daytime sleepiness even after having seven or more hours of sleep. It can be debilitating for some people, affecting the way that they perform at work and in other daily activities. “Paying attention to sleepiness in older adults could help doctors predict and prevent future medical conditions,” said study author Maurice M. Ohayon, M.D., Ph.D., DSc, of Stanford University in Stanford, Calif., and a member of the American Academy of Neurology.

“Older adults and their family members may want to take a closer look at sleeping habits to understand the potential risk for developing a more serious medical condition.” The study involved 10,930 people; 34% of participants were 65 years or older. Researchers interviewed participants over the phone two times, three years apart. In the first interview, 23% of people over 65 met the criteria for excessive sleepiness. In the second interview, 24% reported excessive sleepiness. Of those, 41% said the sleepiness was a chronic problem.

The study found that people who reported sleepiness in the first phone interview had a 2.3 times greater risk of developing diabetes or high blood pressure three years later than those who did not experience sleepiness. They were also twice as likely to develop cancer. Of the 840 people who reported sleepiness at the first interview, 52 people, or 6.2%, developed diabetes compared to 74 people, or 2.9% of those who were never sleepy during the day. Also, of the 840 people who reported sleepiness, 20 people, or 2.4%, developed cancer compared to 21 people, or 0.8% of those who were never sleepy during the day.

The results remained the same after researchers adjusted for other factors that could affect daytime sleepiness, such as gender and sleep apnea. People who reported daytime sleepiness during both interviews had a 2.5 times greater risk of developing heart disease. People who reported sleepiness only in the second interview were 50% more likely to also have diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue, such as arthritis, tendinitis and lupus, than those who did not have daytime sleepiness.

A limitation of the study was that it relied on participants’ memories, rather than monitoring their sleep length and quality and daytime sleepiness in a sleep clinic. The study was supported by the Arrillaga Foundation.

原文链接：https://www.aan.com/PressRoom/Home/PressRelease/3776