今天我们探讨的话题是名词性从句。 顾名思义， 名词性从句指的是那些充当名词作用的从句。 那么名词可以做什么呢？ 名词可以做主语， 宾语，表语，和同位语 等。 因此 名词性从句包括： 宾语从句，主语从句，表语从句，同位语从句
名词性从句简析
一： 宾语从句:
1. 定义： 位于宾语位置，充当宾语作用的句子。 这个句子不能独立存在的，
2. 宾语从句三要素： 3）时态，2）语序，1）引导词。
3. 引导词的选择：
1） “缺什么选什么” 可以借鉴特殊疑问句。
我知道你。
I know you.
我知道你在哪里。
I know where you are.
我知道你有几辆车。
I know how many cars you have.
你昨天几点到家的。
I know when you arrived home yesterday.
2) 如果什么都不缺，选that，而且宾语从句中 引导词that 都是可以省略的。
如： 我知道你是中国人。
I know (that) you are Chinese.
4. 语序： 宾语从句中用陈述语序。
如： 1) 我想知道你多大了。
I’m wondering how old you are.
而不是 I’m wondering how old are you.
2) 我想知道你一个月挣多少。
I’m wondering how much (money) you can make each month.
你一个月挣多少？
How much (money) can you make each month?
5. 时态：
1)如果主句是一般现在时态的，宾语从句中该用什么时态就用什么时态。
如：I know where you are from.
I know where you were yesterday.
I know where you will go tomorrow.
2) 如果主句是一般过去时态， 宾语从句中要改为相应的过去时态。
如： She said that she would come to China today.
主句是一般过去时态： 从句用的是过去将来时态。
She told me that she had had the horse for 3 months.
3) 如果是客观定理的则不受时态的影响， 用一般现在时态。
如： My teacher told me that the earth goes round the sun.
随堂练习
1. What did Mike say? He said ____________________.
A. if you are free the next week
B. what color was it
C. the weather is fine
D. summer comes after spring
2. Tom asked my friend ________________.
A. where was he from
B. that the earth is bigger than the moon
C. when did he come back
D. not to be so angry
）3. Let me tell you __________________.
A. how much is the car
B. how much does the car cost
C.how much did I pay for the car
D. how much I spent on the car
）4. Peter knew _______________.
A. whether he has finished reading the book
B. why the boy had so many questions
C. there were 12 months in a year
D. when they will leave for Paris
）5. Could you tell me ___________?
A. where do you live
B. who you are waiting for
C. who were you waiting for
D. where you live in
）6. She told me the sun ______ in the east.
A. rise
B. rose
C. rises
D. had risen
）7. I can't understand ______the boy alone.
A. why she left
B. why did she leave
C. why she had left
D. why had she left
）8. I don't know ________ up so early last Sunday.
A. why did he get
B. why he gets
C. why does he get
D. why he got
）9. The manager came up to see __________.
A. what was the matter
B. what the matter was
C. what the matter is
D. what's the matter
）10. He asked his father _______.
A. where it happens
B. where did it happen
C. how it happened
D. how did it happen
）11. Miss Green didn’t tell us _______ in 2002.
A. where does she live
B. Where she lives
C. where did she live
D. where she lived
）12. Would you please tell me ________?
A. when did he come home
B. where he would play football
C. if he had seen the film
D. why he didn’t watch the game
二. 主语从句： 时态，语序，引导词 （ 可以借鉴宾语从句）
她 是一个迷。 She is a mystery.
中国 是一个迷。China is a mystery.
你住在哪里 是一个迷。
Where you live is a mystery.
她是谁 是一个迷。
Who she isis a mystery.
她做什么的 是一个迷。
What she does is a mystery.
主语从句练习
单项选择题
1. _____ as much as one-fifth of all timber harvested is not used.
A. The estimate B. The estimate
C. They are estimated D. It is estimated that
2. _____ was once regarded as impossible has now become a reality.
A. That B. Which C. Who D. What
3. _____ we have achieved is attributed to the guidance of our parents.
A. Whoever B. Whatever C. However D. That
4. _____ you say now can’t make up for what you’ve done.
A. No matter B. Whatever C. However D. That
5. Although _____ happened in this developed country sounds like science fiction, it
could occur elsewhere in the world.
A. which B. what C. how D. it
6. _____ she had forgotten to take her notebook.
A. That occurred to her B. She occurred that
C. To her that occurred D. It occurred to her that
7. I am sure that _____ she said is wrong.
A. which B. all C. this D. what
8. We lost our way in the forest, and _____ made matters worse was that it was
getting dark.
A. that B. which C. it D. what
9. _____ occurred to him that he had forgotten to lock the door when he left home.
A. This B. It C. That D. These
10. _____ or not is still uncertain.
A. He’s coming B. If he is coming
C. That coming D. Whether he’s coming
根据提示，完成句子。
1.__________________________________ hasn’t been decided yet.(pick)
谁将去接他还没有确定。
2.__________________________________ remains unknown.(finish)
我们是否能按时完成工作还不知道
3._____________________________________ is none of my business.(like)
你喜不喜欢他都与我无关。
4._________________________________________ is being discussed.(abroad)
他将何时出国正在讨论之中。
5.____________________________ in learning English is enough practice.(matter)
英语学习中最重要的是足够的练习。
6.It worried her a bit ______________________________________________.(turn)
她的头发正在变白让她有些担忧。
7.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ___________________________ our astronauts walk in space. (desire)
杨利伟成功地环绕地球后，我们希望的是宇航员在太空漫步。
8. ________________________________________ should be punished.(break)
任何违法的人都应该被惩罚。
9.___________________ we can learn four foreign languages at the same time.(seem)
我们能同时学四门外语似乎不可能。
10._______________________________ was that more than 90% of the students had been admitted to the key universities.
三. 表语从句： 时态，语序，引导词
1：这就是我住的地方。
This is the place where I live.( 这部分是定语从句）
=This is where I live.
2. 关键是他是谁。
The key is who he is.
The key is who your father is.
关键是钱。
The key is money.
关键是你。
The key is you.
3. 问题是你一个月挣多少。
The problem is how much you can make each month.
4. 问题是钱。
The problem is money.
5. 问题是你没钱。
The problem is that you don’t have any money.
需要注意的是：名词性从句的中that,一般来说只有在宾语从句中可以省略。主语从句，表语从句或者同位语从句中的that 不可以省略。
四: 同位语从句
顾名思义： 就是一个同等地位的从句。
如：1. The news that Li Na won the French open surprised all of us.
这句话中的 that Li Na won the French open 是一个同位语从句。 和 news 是同等地位的。
是对 news 的一个补充说明。
2. The mystery where she lives is interesting.
她住在哪里这个谜很有趣。
这句话中 where she lives 是一个同位语从句，
和 mystery 同等地位。
问题是： 同位语从句和定语从句的区别是什么？
如： The news that Li Na gave us is true.( 定语从句）
The news that Li Na won the French Open surprised us. （同为语从句）
定语从句和同位语从句的区别在于： 定语从句中的关系代词是在从句中充当成分的。
而 同位语从句中的引导词基本就是纯结构性的， 没有任何意义。
名词性从句的难点：
难点： 名词性从句中 引导词what： 可以不翻译，
也可以翻译为 “的“或者“的东西”。
如： 你喜欢的是钱。
What you like is money.
钱是你喜欢的
Money is what you like.
我喜欢你喜欢的。
I like what you like.
钱是我喜欢的东西。
Money is the thing that I like.
Money is what I like.
名词性从句部分 选择题
1. ____ I want to know is ____ it is worth doing. ( 我想知道的是这是否值得尝试）
A. What; that B. What; whether
C. That; why D. That; what
2. ____ visits the Great Wall will be struck by it.
A. Anyone B. Each
C. Whoever D. Everybody
3. ____ the workers insisted on was that they ____ more pay.
A. That; must be given B. What; should give
C. Whether; would be given D. What; (should) be given
4. She asked ____.
A. what I was doing when she rang me up
B. What was I doing when she rang me up
C. When she rang me up what was I doing
D. When did she ring me up what I was doing
5. Writing stories and articles _is what___ I enjoy most.
A. is that B. are that
C. is what D. have been what
6. He asked the tailor ____.
A. how long would the coat be ready
B. how soon would the coat be ready
C. how long the coat would be ready
D. how soon the coat would be ready
7. The policeman came up to see ____.
A. what the matter is B. what the matter was
C. what was the matter D. what is the matter
8. ____ he told us is a ____.
A. That; lay B. Which; true
C. What; lie D. Whose; truth
9. It was not until the headmaster came ____.
A. and so the students got down to work
B. did the students get down to work
C. that the students got down to work
D. then the students got down to work
10. I wonder ____ this kind of metal can be used in the construction industry.
A. how B. what
C. about D. which
11. --- ____ you did?
--- No, as a matter of fact I didn’t need to.
A. Is that what B. Is what that
C. What is that D. Is that which
12. She is pleased with ____ you have given her and all ____ you have told.
A. that; that B. what; which
C. what; that D. all; what
13. They expressed the hope ____ they would come over to visit China again.
A. which B. that
C. whether D. for which
14. ____ I wanted to say.
A. Such was what B. What was such
C. Such was that D. That was such
15. They have no idea at all ____.
A. where he has gone B. where did he go
C. which place he has gone D. where he has gone by
16. No word came ____ he joined them in playing football.
A. that B. whether
C. which D. what
17. Word came ____ she died of old age.
A. that B. which
C. in which D. how
18. Can’t you find out ____ wrong with the TV set?
A. which B. that’s
C. what’s D. where is
19. ____ they will have a gook harvest this year is still unknown.
A. Whether B. If
C. Which D. That
20. All the books are here. You may borrow ____ you like.
A. which B. that
C. what D. whichever
21. The news ____ to Shanghai delighted all of them.
A. they would go B. which they would go
C. that they would go D. would go
22. ____ is that I have promised to make friends with the dishonest girl.
A. The only thing what I regret B. What I regret most
C. All what I really regret most D. What that I regret most
23. ____ she is living now is not known to anybody.
A. Whether B. When
C. Where D. Why
24. This is ____ the river has been polluted.
A. what B. why
C. that D. whether
25. That is ____ he was born.
A. what B. that
C. where D. whether
26. ____ a good thing they didn’t catch you.
A. That’s B. It’s
C. There’s D. What’s
27. ____ a pity I didn’t see you.
A. That’s B. What’s
C. It’s D. There’s
28. ____ surprised me most ____ to see some of the village people seated on the benches at the end of the room.
A. What; was B. What; were
C. That; was D. That; were
29. He asked me ____ I was sure my mother ____.
A. if; will come B. if; would come
C. that; will come D. that; would come
30. It is said ____ Mr. Tom has arrived in New York.
A. that B. which
C. what D. why
31. John dashed back into the room, and saw ____.
A. what wrong was B. what was wrong
C. if wrong was D. if was wrong
32. This is ____ the question lies.
A. what B. that
C. where D. how
33. He stood there quite still, ____ his lips moved slightly.
A. except for B. except
C. except that D. except what
34. We all know the truth ____ the moon moves around the earth.
A. that B. if
C. what D. where
35. The fact ____ she had not said anything ____ all of us.
A. what; surprised B. what; was surprised
C. that; surprised D. that; was surprised
36. ____ is unknown to us all.
A. When did she arrive B. When she arrived
C. That when she arrived D. In which she arrived
37. He asked me ____ that electric fan.
A. how many I paid B. how much I paid for
C. how much I paid D. how many I paid for
38. The Emperor ordered that the wonderful cloth ____ for him at once.
A. to be woven B. be woven
C. should D. would be woven
39. ____ that we’ll have the find exam next week.
A. He was said B. It said
C. It was said D. It’s said
40. Which sentence is wrong?
A. She said, “What a lovely day it was!” B. She said what a lovely day it was.
C. She said what was a lovely day. D. She said it was a lovely day.
41. The teacher told us that the sun ____ in the east and ____ in the west.
A. raised; set B. raises; sets
C. rises; sets D. rose; set
42. I doubt ____ he will come to see me.
A. whether B. that
C. which D. what
43. He told me ____.
A. that had happened B. that had happened to him
C. what had been happened D. what had happened to him
44. ____ I was tree that evening.
A. It happened to B. It happened that
C. That happened D. It is happened that
45. I have no doubt ____ we shall be able to do something for you.
A. whether B. if
C. that D. what
46. I wish I ____ yesterday’s exam.
A. passed B. had been able to pass
C. were able to pass D. could pass
47. I wish I ____ some use.
A. could be of B. could be
C. will be of D. will be
48. ____ was said have must be kept secret.
A. Whatever B. Whichever
C. However D. That
49. Only time will tell if we ____.
A. had been succeeded B. have been success
C. had been successful D. have been successful
50. ____ you have written the letter in English will surprise your teacher.
A. What B. That
C. Who D. How long
51. He works too hard, That is ____ is wrong with him.
A. that which B. the what
C. what D. the thing what
52. We must do ____ the party ____ us.
A. as; tell B. as; tells
C. what; tell D. what; tells
53. It ____ Tom drives badly.
A. thinks that B. is thought what
C. thought that D. is thought that
54. ____ will be elected chairman of the club is unknown.
A. Who B. Whom
C. Which D. That
55. It was ____ he worked hard that he succeeded.
A. because B. for
C. as D. since
56. It was natural that my pictures ____ them.
A. surprised B. would surprise
C. should surprise D. would have surprised
57. ____ knows the truth will tell you about it.
A. Who that B. Whoever
C. Those who D. Wham that
58. Can you tell us ____ ?
A. who that man is B. who is that man
C. what is that man D. whose that man is
59. My suggestion is ____ our teacher ____ strict with us.
A. what; should be B. that; be
C. which; would be D. where; was
60. The reason why we are late is ____ our car didn’t come.
A. why B. that
C. because D. for
61. I don’t know ____ he lives.
A. that B. where
C. which D. what
62. I found nothing wrong in what he ____.
A. says B. has said
C. said D. saying
63. Ask her ____ she can came to see us off.
A. that B. whether
C. which D. what
64. She looked ____ she were ten years younger.
A. as B. like
C. that D. as though
65. I don’t understand ____ believe me.
A. why you not B. why do you not
C. why don’t you D. why you don’t
66. Air, or ____ is called the atmosphere, surrounds the whole world.
A. it B. which
C. what D. that
67. We all know the truth __ there are air, water and sunlight there are living things.
A. where B. wherever
C. that D. that wherever
68. ____ still needs to be discussed.
A. How is the plan to be carried out B. How the plan is to be carried out
C. Why is the plan carried out D. Why the plan carried out
69. Lanzhou is no longer ____.
A. what it used to be B. what it used to like
C. like it used to be D. what it used to
70. Do ____ you think is right, ____ difficulties you may have.
A. what; however B. that; whatever
C. whatever; whoever D. what; whatever
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