写作一部分是科学,一部分是艺术。
解忧英语作文馆解陪你一起进化
Hi,大家好!
这是“解忧英语作文馆”的第36篇推文。
As well as 是最常见于各类文章的连词之一,也是最容易用错的连词之一。使用过程中,通常会有如下两种错误。
两种错误
第一种错误与它的意思有关——as well as通常被当作and的同义词,但实际上不能这样使用。例如:
Swedish is spoken in Sweden, as well as in parts of Finland.[错]
第二种错误与as well as 连用时的动词形式有关。看看如下例句,你能找出它们错在哪里吗?
John, as well as Mary, want to drop the course. [错]
Running is healthy as well as it makes you feel good. [错]
Sarah draws as well as designs clothes. [错]
As well as≠And
首选,我们来说一说第一种错误。造成第一种错误的原因是直接把as well as 当作是and的同义词。其实,As well as意思上并不等于and。结构X as well as Y用英语来解释就是not only Y but also X(注意X和Y的顺序),强调的是X。由此可见,and连接的成分通常都是平行对等的,而as well as连接的成分,侧重前面部分,后面部分仅作为补充。
例句:
John, as well as Mary, came to the party.
[用英语解释就是not only Mary but also John,侧重点在 John]
翻译:前来参加宴会的不光有Mary,还有John.
例句:
The programme aims to recruit Chinese students as well as students from other countries.
[用英语解释的意思是not only students from other countries but also Chinese students,侧重点在 Chinese students]
翻译:该项目也招收其他国家的学生,不过主要招收的是中国学生。
那么,请回到开篇的第一个句子。
Swedish is spoken in Sweden, as well as in parts of Finland. (错)
这个句子错在哪里呢?
用英语解释的意思是Swedish is spoken not only in parts of Finland, but also in Sweden. 翻译过来就是,不仅芬兰部分地区讲瑞典语,而且瑞典也讲瑞典语。这样的句子写出来,是不是很搞笑,如果瑞典人看到,肯定会被气哭的,在瑞典不讲瑞典语,难道讲芬兰语吗?其实这里想强调不是在瑞典讲瑞典语,而是芬兰部分地区也讲瑞典语。
所以正确的写法应该是:
Swedish is spoken in parts of Finland, as well as in Sweden.
如果没有理解as well as的用法,就会搞出这样的笑话。
另外,为了避免重复,直接用and代替as well as的做法,也是不可取的。
例如:
The university focuses on education, research and development, as well as and dissemination.
如果education、research and development、dissemination这三个领域同等重要,上下文也没有特别强调的情况下,是没有必要为了避免重复而将and替换为as well as 。
也就是说,没有A, B, as well as C的结构。这里的A、B、C可以是单词也可以是词组,如上述例句中的research and development。
但可以有这样的结构A and B, as well as C。只是这个A and B, as well as C和A, B, and C的意思不尽相同。
使用过程中,只要我们将这样的规则铭记于心,就不会犯错:
务将as well as与and来互换;
As well as连接的内容,前为强调,后为补充;
And连接的内容对等又平行。
与as well as 连用时动词的形式
1. 当as well as与主语连用时,谓语单复数形式与前一个保持一致。
例如:
John, as well as Mary, want to drop the course. [错]
John, as well as Mary, wants to drop the course. [对]
换句话说,当as well as 是主语的一部分时,动词的形式必须与as well as前的部分保持一致。
2. As well as后接动词时,用-ing形式
当as well as 后接动词时,应用动词的-ing形式。
例如:
Running is healthy as well as making you feel good.
He broke the window, as well as destroying the wall.
She draws as well as designing clothes.
注意:试着区分一下如下两个句子的差别。
She draws as well as designing clothes. 她不仅会设计衣服,还会画画。
She draws as well as she designs clothes. 她画的画和她设计的衣服一样好。
[用英语解释就是Her drawing is as good as her designing]
这里第一个as well as 是一个整体,一个词组;而第二个as well as,是平等比较结构,as…as,well 做副词,修饰的是动词draws。
如上就是今天的分享。
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