早年椎管狭窄症的影像学主要依靠CT椎管造影,但是因为其为侵入性检查,后逐渐被简单方便的核磁共振取代,实际上因为扫描层面的局限性,MRI相比于椎管造影来说事实上漏诊不少腰椎管狭窄症(没扫到位置),所以我们临床中MRI除了观察椎管狭窄程度,也可以观察到一些间接征象,这些间接征象也给我们诊断提供一些信息。
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神经根沉降征(SedSign)
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这两种都是阴性。
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减压术后SedSign转阴提示临床效果好(a:术前SedSign阳性;b术后SedSign阳性;c术后3个月随访SedSign转为阴性)。
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之所以会发生沉降征阳性,是各种原因导致的马尾神经张力大,从而无法因为重力沉降。马尾神经还会因为张力大原因发生聚集征(图示是聚集征分型),这种胸腰椎骨折患者具有压迫时,提示神经损伤更重。
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硬膜囊内马尾神经的大致分布(中央影响会阴部二便、边缘下肢肌力和感觉)。
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冗余征(RNR)
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典型的冗余征轴位可见神经根走形由垂直变为水平走形。
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冗余可以发生在狭窄上方、下方和中间。
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Gator征
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