one 和 that 作替代词的区别

1)one 可替代人或物, that 只能代替物

I have a brother, one in the army.

Look at the clock, that on the wall.

2)one 只能替代可数名词, that 可替代可数名词和不可数名词

The novel is as interesting as the one (或 that) I read last year.

The weather here is hotter than that in New York.

3)one 可以有前置或后置定语, 而 that 只能有后置定语

Your answer to the question is better than that of hers.

Please look at the map, the one on the right wall.

This is a red pen, and I have three other blue ones.

4)one(不加定语)表示泛指, that 表示特指

The music is as sweet as that we heard yesterday.

A poem written by an American poet is usually harder to understand than one by a Chinese poet.