词义猜测题是中考英语阅读理解题中必考题之一，主要考查同学们语篇分析、逻辑推理等综合能力。词义猜测题主要有两种类型：一个是给大家一个新词或熟悉的单词，需要根据上下文，猜测出这个单词的意思或在特定的语言环境当中推断出一词多义的意思；另一种是给出代词，根据上下文，推断代词所代指的人或物。
在近五年重庆中考中，词义猜测题大多出现在C篇阅读中出现，所占分值为两分，出题方式则是给出英文猜中文意思或者选择近义词。
1)根据定义或解释、说明猜测生词的词义
在be，be called，call等判断词出现的判断句中，或定语从句及标点符号，可以根据已知部分，猜测生词的含义。例如：
【习题1】2016B
Welcome to our idiom (习语) corner!
to feel very happy and excited (especially when sth. good has happened)
e.g. Jenny is walking on air because her friend invited her to the school dance. She can’t wait to go.
56. The Chinese meaning to the idiom “to walk on air” is probably “________”.
A. 一无所有 B.欢天喜地 C.愁眉苦脸 D.不假思索
解析：结合文章中所给的成语表达、解释和例句三处信息，我们可以知道”to walk on air”的意思是to feel very happy and excited，即感到非常兴奋快乐（尤其是当一些好事发生的时候）。结合选项，符合题意的选项是B。
2)根据对比关系猜测生词的词义
在but，however，yet，while、unlike、instead，otherwise，though这些表示意义转折的连词出现的句子中，其前后的词有明显对比关系，根据已知的内容，通过这种对比关系，就很容易猜出生词的词义了。
【习题1】
They went to different restaurants to have dinner. Some food was quite delicious, but Jenny thought the fast food was awful. When the weather was fine, they went to the beach to swim. The sea was beautiful, and they had a good time.
The word "awful" in the passage means ____.
A. 美味的 B. 极好的 C. 糟糕的 D. 很快的
解析：结合考察单词awful的句子我们发现，该句中存在一个转折连词but，表示前后意义的转折，再结合句子翻译，一些食物非常地美味，但是另一些食物吃起来很awful。我们可以推断出awful与delicious为反义词，结合选项，符合题意的只有C。
3)通过因果关系猜测词义
because, since与as是连接原因状语从句的从属连词，so是连接表示结果的状语从句的连词，so...that与such...that中的that是连接结果状语从句的。当这些信息词出现在有生词的句子中，通过因果关系，依据已知部分就能猜出生词的词义。
【习题1】
It is a sunny afternoon and 30 students, aged 9 to 18, have met at beekeeper Fuge’s home in Virginia Beach,US. Activities like this are a monthly event for the students, because they take part in the Beekeeping Club. They hear about the decline of the population of the honey bees, so they want to do something to help increase the number of them.
53. The underlined word “decline” in Paragraph 1 means __________.
A. becoming fewer B. increasing in number
C. becoming poorer D. being in danger
解析：结合所考词所在句子，我们可以知道人们想要做一些事情来增加蜜蜂的数量，由so可以推知前半句的意思是蜜蜂的数量是比较少的。结合选项选A。
4)根据列举的事例猜测词义
此类我们需要注意for example, such as, for instance...等关键词。
【习题1】2015B
Two scientists, Amy Cuddy and Danna Carney, who know much about body language, did a famous research. According to the result of their research, body language can change the chemistry of our brains. Some high-power body language can make you become confident (自信的). For example, you will feel confident when you hold your head high; you will feel confident when you walk with your shoulders back; you will feel confident too when you put your arms out wide as if you were winning a race. However, some low-power body language can make you feel unconfident, such as sitting with arms close to the body, sitting with your legs together or walking with your head down.
64. The Chinese meaning of the word “high-power” in this passage is probably “______”.
A. 功率大的 B. 强有力的 C. 高尚的 D. 高贵的
解析：结合所考词汇所在句，一些high-power的肢体语言会让你变得自信，随后作者通过举例子即对这一句话进行了解释说明。结合举例中的几个动作 hold your head high、walk with your shoulders back和put your arms out wide，通过寻找这几个动作的共同点，会发现这些动作呈现出来的共同特征是比较强势有力量的，结合选项，故选B。
5)根据构词法知识猜测词义
根据学过的构词法知识，知道词根和前缀或后缀的意义，就可猜出由它们组成的新词词义。
【习题1】
One day a very rich family went on a trip to the countryside. The father wanted to show his son how poor people lived, so they spent a day and a night on the farm of a very poor family.
When they got back from their trip, the father asked his son,"My dear son, how was the trip?"
"Very good, dad!"
"Did you see how poor people lived?" the father asked."Yeah!" "And what did you learn?"
The son answered,"We have a dog at home, and they have four. We have a pool that is in the middle of the garden and they have a river that has no end. We have very expensive lamps in the garden and they have the stars."
When the little boy finished, his father was speechless.
The word "speechless" means _______.
A. 毫无兴趣的 B. 寡言少语的
C. 胸无点墨的 D. 无话可说的
解析：结合所在句及选项，我们可以知道speechless是一个形容词。观察后发现，less是形容词后缀，意为“无的；不的”，比如说useless没有用的，helpless无助的。结合speech本身的意思为“演讲，说话，发言”，我们可以推测出speechless的意思是很少说话的，很少发言的，结合选项选B。
课后练习一:
We can not feel speed. But our sense let us know that we are moving. We see things moving past and feel that we are being shaken. We can feelacceleration, an increase in speed. But we notice it for only a short time. For example we feel it during the takeoff run of an airplane.
1. Acceleration is the name for _______.
A. any kind of movement
B. the movement of a plane
C. a steady speed
D. an increase in speed
课后练习二：
Continually touching or moving plants will make them grow shorter than other ones. However, in some ways, this change could be helpful. It may help plants to fight against threats from animals or bad weather.
The new research findings have led to a deeper understanding of the plants. And the research might help with the growth of plants.
54. What does the underlined word“threats" mean according to this passage?
A..威胁 B.保护 C.帮助 D.改变
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