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水的画法
水的加入给山水画增添了灵性，是烘托氛围的重要元素。在山水画中，水的表现是根据立意中的景况需要，来决定其设置、主次结构，以及格调与精细程度。水的设置有其规律，如：高壑脉叠发流源，山势峻峭设瀑泉；壁立峡江涡险激，江湖纵深写平远。
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泉水的画法
泉水要分三个阶段来表现，第一阶段是泉水的形成即使泉源，要表现泉水的汇集形态；第二阶段是分流泉水即是泉口的形态；第三阶段是由泉口向下泄流的瀑布形态。
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瀑布的画法
瀑布贯穿山水全局，最能体现水的动势。画瀑布，还要绘其源头，同时画出飞奔喷射的动势。古人画瀑布多以流畅的线条表现出水的流动感与速度感, 并将两侧的山石染暗以衬托白练之美。
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江水的画法
江水空旷，给人激流勇进、声势浩大之感，尤其是两峡之间江面，礁石险滩，洄流曲转，形成激流的旋涡。所以，画时用笔勾线的变化就应该有急有缓、有松有紧、长线断线、时曲时折，把水的动感 和气势画出。要把握好水的整体气势，水流的变化、走向要统一而有节奏。
海水的画法
海水是浩瀚和汹涌澎湃的，水面多有波浪，风大时还有巨浪，山崖礁石旁的海水浪花更是变化多端的。勾画时用中锋线条来表现海水浪花的起伏变化，用笔要有劲力。
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