Tree diagram:

Directions: analyze the sentence structures, draw the tree diagrams of the following sentences and translate them into English.

[1] Today, a person who is diagnosed with HIV, treated before the disease is far advanced, and stays on treatment can live a life nearly as long as someone who does not have HIV.

[2] The global burden of HIV infection in the years to come will be borne overwhelmingly by people in these countries where poverty affects more women than it does men, further increases their vulnerability to infection.

[3] Prejudice, exclusion, stigmatization are the three conditions that are still sadly dominant both from an individual and social point of view, that is where the community, family, friends and the context of membership accepts the condition of the patient with AIDS, it could be the patient to perceive and push himself to the point of isolation.

[4] There should be more emphasis on information and communication so as to prevent low levels of attention, while it is important to create a welcoming social network and cooperation that will ensure that those who are infected with HIV are not in situations of isolation, hardship and distress.

Typical patterns for providing evidence:

Directions: translate the following sentences into English with the typical patterns.

A recent (latest ) survey (study / investigation / poll) (conducted / done / taken by…) shows (reveals / indicates / finds) that sb. thinks…, while sb. else believes…

最新调查表明：某人认为······ ，而其他人则认为······

应用：a.   最近对大学毕业生做的一次调查表明：相当多的人认为个人保密的权利很重要，而大多数人认为伴侣免受感染风险的权利更重要。。

应用：b.   社会学家做的一项调查表明：不应该对艾滋病患者进行强制堕胎甚至绝育，而另一些人则认为为了家庭和儿童的利益，堕胎或绝育是必要的。

Typical patterns for revealing one’s feelings

In the face / case (In a state / a climate of …) of …,  sb. feels …(从句) and …  在······情况下，某人 感觉······, ······

应用:  a. 面对女友的绝情信，他感觉天快塌下来了，并听到内心在嘲弄他是世上最笨的人。

应用: b.  在等待那次重要的面试时，我感觉自己的脉搏加快，记忆一片空白。

There is a swell / fit / an outburst / outbreak of … within sb. for sb. who … / sth. that ... 

对这个……人 / 事，某人心中涌起了一种（股）······

应用： a. 对这位世上第一个横渡英吉利海峡的残疾中国人，我心中涌起一股敬佩之情。

应用：b.  对这种既破坏环境又殃及子孙的做法我心中爆发出一股无明火。