墨墨导读:从Oracle Database 20c开始,数据库强制实施大小写敏感的口令文件,以实现更高的安全性。区分大小写的密码文件提供更高的安全性。Oracle建议使用区分大小写的密码文件。
[oracle@enmotech ~]$ orapwd
Usage: orapwd file=<fname> entries=<users> force=<y/n> ignorecase=<y/n> nosysdba=<y/n>
where
file - name of password file (required),
password - password for SYS will be prompted if not specified at command line,
entries - maximum number of distinct DBA (optional),
force - whether to overwrite existing file (optional),
ignorecase - passwords are case-insensitive (optional),
nosysdba - whether to shut out the SYSDBA logon (optional Database Vault only).
There must be no spaces around the equal-to (=) character.
[oracle@enmotech ~]$ orapwd
Usage 1: orapwd file=<fname> force={y|n} asm={y|n}
dbuniquename=<dbname> format={12|12.2}
delete={y|n} input_file=<input-fname>
'sys={y | password | external(<sys-external-name>)
| global(<sys-directory-DN>)}'
'sysbackup={y | password | external(<sysbackup-external-name>)
| global(<sysbackup-directory-DN>)}'
'sysdg={y | password | external(<sysdg-external-name>)
| global(<sysdg-directory-DN>)}'
'syskm={y | password | external(<syskm-external-name>)
| global(<syskm-directory-DN>)}'
Usage 2: orapwd describe file=<fname>
where
file - name of password file (required),
password
- password for SYS will be prompted
if not specified at command line.
Ignored, if input_file is specified,
force - whether to overwrite existing file, also clears
CRS resource if it already has password file
registered (optional),
asm - indicates that the ASM instance password file is to
be stored in Automatic Storage Management (ASM)
disk group (optional),
dbuniquename
- unique database name used to identify database
password files residing in ASM diskgroup
or Exascale Vault.
Ignored when asm option is specified (optional),
format - use format=12 for new 12c features like SYSBACKUP, SYSDG
and SYSKM support, longer identifiers, SHA2 Verifiers etc.
use format=12.2 for 12.2 features like enforcing user
profile (password limits and password complexity) and
account status for administrative users.
If not specified, format=12.2 is default (optional),
delete - drops a password file. Must specify 'asm',
'dbuniquename' or 'file'. If 'file' is specified,
the file must be located on an ASM diskgroup
or Exascale Vault,
input_file
- name of input password file, from where old user
entries will be migrated (optional),
sys - specifies if SYS user is password, externally or
globally authenticated.
For external SYS, also specifies external name.
For global SYS, also specifies directory DN.
SYS={y | password} specifies if SYS user password needs
to be changed when used with input_file,
sysbackup
- creates SYSBACKUP entry (optional).
Specifies if SYSBACKUP user is password, externally or
globally authenticated.
For external SYSBACKUP, also specifies external name.
For global SYSBACKUP, also specifies directory DN.
Ignored, if input_file is specified,
sysdg - creates SYSDG entry (optional).
Specifies if SYSDG user is password, externally or
globally authenticated.
For external SYSDG, also specifies external name.
For global SYSDG, also specifies directory DN.
Ignored, if input_file is specified,
syskm - creates SYSKM entry (optional).
Specifies if SYSKM user is password, externally or
globally authenticated.
For external SYSKM, also specifies external name.
For global SYSKM, also specifies directory DN.
Ignored, if input_file is specified,
describe
- describes the properties of specified password file
(required).
There must be no spaces around the equal-to (=) character.
orapwd FILE=new_pwd_file_name INPUT_FILE=old_pwd_file_name [FORMAT=12.2]
orapwd FILE='/u01/oracle/dbs/old_pwd_file_name' INPUT_FILE='/u01/oracle/dbs/new_pwd_file_name' FORMAT=12.2 FORCE=y
Enter password for SYS: password
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