地球很美有赖你
请听我说，你跟我一样
是聪明的人类
Listen to me, please.
You're like me, a homo sapiens,
a wise human.
生命是宇宙的奇迹
Life,
a miracle in the universe,
appeared around 4 billion years ago.
开始于四十亿年前
And we humans
only 200,000 years ago.
人类只得二十万年历史
我们却破坏了生命必须的平衡
Yet we have succeeded in disrupting
the balance so essential to life.
Listen carefully to this
extraordinary story, which is yours,
请细听这特别的故事
你自已的故事
and decide
what you want to do with it.
然后决定你应该做什么
这是我们的起源
These are traces of our origins.
最初
我们的星球不过是一团浑沌的火球
At the beginning, our planet
was no more than a chaos of fire,
a cloud
of agglutinated dust particles,
在太阳下成形黏聚的尘粒形成云块
like so many similar clusters
in the universe.
就像宇宙里面许多类似的星云
Yet this is where
the miracle of life occurred.
生命的奇迹在此诞生
今天，我们的生命
Today, life, our life,
is just a link in a chain
of innumerable living beings
是地球上无数生物形成的生命链
其中一环
that have succeeded one another
on Earth over nearly 4 billion years.
四十亿年来
这些生物不断被继承被取代
即使到了今天
And even today,
新的火山继续改变我们的景观
new volcanoes continue
to sculpt our landscapes.
它们让我们看到盘古初开时
地球的样子
They offer a glimpse of what
our Earth was like at its birth,
molten rock surging from the depths,
熔化的岩石从深处涌出
solidifying, cracking, blistering
or spreading in a thin crust,
开始凝固、断裂、发泡、形成薄层
然后暂时回复沉睡的状态
before falling dormant for a time.
这些从地球内脏向上缭绕的烟雾
These wreathes of smoke
curling from the bowels of the Earth
是地球原本大气层成分的见证
bear witness
to the Earth's original atmosphere.
An atmosphere devoid of oxygen.
那是没有氧气的大气层
A dense atmosphere,
thick with water vapor,
稠密的大气层
充满水蒸气和二氧化碳
full of carbon dioxide.
一个熔炉
A furnace.
地球与太阳之间的距离适中
The Earth cooled.
The water vapor condensed
and fell in torrential downpours.
At the right distance from the sun,
not too far, not too near,
不太远、不太近
the Earth's perfect balance
enabled it to conserve water
完美的平衡令水处于液体状态
in liquid form.
水汇成河流
The water cut channels.
就像人体的血管
树木的枝丫，树液的导管
They are like the veins of a body,
the branches of a tree,
the vessels of the sap
that the water gave to the Earth.
水溶解了岩石的矿物质
The rivers tore minerals from rocks,
adding them to the oceans' freshwater.
流到低处成为海洋
淡水渐变咸水
And the oceans became heavy with salt.
我们来自什么地方？
Where do we come from?
Where did life
first spark into being?
生命从那里开始？
一个时光奇迹
A miracle of time,
primitive life forms still exist
in the globe's hot springs.
地球上的温泉仍然有
最原始的生命体存活
They give them their colors.
They're called archeobacteria.
它们赋予温泉颜色
它们叫做[古细菌]
它们都依靠地球热能生存
They all feed off the Earth's heat.
All except the cyanobacteria,
除蓝绿藻外
or blue-green algae.
它们可以向着太阳来吸取其能量
They alone have the capacity
to turn to the sun
to capture its energy.
它们是古今所有植物品种的
最重要祖先
They are a vital ancestor of all
yesterday's and today's plant species.
这些微小的细菌及其数以亿计的后代
These tiny bacteria
and their billions of descendants
changed the destiny of our planet.
改变了地球的命运
它们改造了大气层
They transformed its atmosphere.
毒害大气层的碳去了那里？
What happened to the carbon
that poisoned the atmosphere?
它还存在
It's still here,
imprisoned in the Earth's crust.
只是被[囚禁]在地壳
大峡谷过去是微型生物的海洋
Here, there once was a sea,
inhabited by micro-organisms.
它们吸取从大气层溶解到水里的碳
并生长外壳
They grew shells by tapping into
the atmosphere's carbon
now dissolved in the ocean.
它们死后
These strata
are the accumulated shells
外壳沉到海床堆叠起来
of those billions and billions
of micro-organisms.
全赖它们
Thanks to them, the carbon drained
from the atmosphere
从大气层排出的碳和其他
and other life forms could develop.
生命实体得以发展
生命改变了大气层
It is life
that altered the atmosphere.
植物靠太阳能存活
Plant life fed off the sun's energy,
这能量使植物将氧气从水份释放出来
which enabled it to break apart
the water molecule and take the oxygen.
空气因而充满氧气
And oxygen filled the air.
地球的水不断更新循环
The Earth's water cycle
is a process of constant renewal.
瀑布、水蒸气、云雨泉川海洋冰川
Waterfalls, water vapor,
clouds, rain,
springs, rivers,
seas, oceans, glaciers...
The cycle is never broken.
这循环周而复始
There's always the same quantity
of water on Earth.
地球的水量恒久不变
All the successive species on Earth
have drunk the same water.
历来的生物都喝同样的水
The astonishing matter that is water.
水是令人惊讶的物质
One of the most unstable of all.
是最不稳定的一种
It takes a liquid form
as running water,
流水是液体、水蒸气是气体
冰块是固体
gaseous as vapor,
or solid as ice.
在西伯利亚
In Siberia, the frozen surfaces
of the lakes in winter
冬天结冰的湖面积聚水的力量
contain the trace of the forces
that water deploys when it freezes.
冰比水轻因而浮于水面
Lighter than water, the ice floats.
不致沉到湖底
It forms a protective mantle
against the cold,
它形成御寒的保护膜
其下生命可以延续
under which life can go on.
生命的引擎连锁结合
The engine of life is linkage.
一切都连结起来
Everything is linked.
没有东西是自给自足的
Nothing is self-sufficient.
Water and air are inseparable,
水和空气不可分割
united in life
and for our life on Earth.
为了地球上的生命而结合
Sharing is everything.
从云层窥望的大片绿色
是空气中的氧气
The green expanse through the clouds
is the source of oxygen in the air.
我们的肺部充满氧气
要是没有氧气
70% of this gas,
肺不能运作
without which our lungs
cannot function,
七成氧气来自海中蓝绿藻
comes from the algae that tint
the surface of the oceans.
地球要依赖万物各司其职
各取所需的生态平衡
Our Earth relies on a balance,
in which every being
has a role to play
and exists only through the existence
of another being.
细腻而脆弱的和谐很易破碎
A subtle, fragile harmony
that is easily shattered.
蓝绿藻和贝壳结婚生下珊瑚
Thus, corals are born
from the marriage of algae and shells.
Coral reefs cover
less than 1% of the ocean floor,
澳洲大堡礁面积三十五万平方里
but they provide a habitat for thousands
of species of fish, mollusks and algae.
哺育千五种鱼、四千软体动物
四百种珊瑚
The equilibrium of every ocean
depends on them.
每个海洋的生态平衡都依靠这些珊瑚
地球计算时间乃以十亿年计
The Earth counts time
in billions of years.
它花了四十亿年去制造树木
It took more than 4 billion years
for it to make trees.
在物种的链环中
In the chain of species,
trees are a pinnacle,
树木是至高无上的
a perfect, living sculpture.
是完美的活的雕塑
它们蔑视地心吸力
Trees defy gravity.
They are the only natural element
in perpetual movement toward the sky.
它们是唯一永恒地移向天空的
自然元素
They grow unhurriedly toward the sun
that nourishes their foliage.
它们的枝叶不疾不徐地向着太阳生长
它们从微小的古细菌继承了
吸收光线能量的能力
They have inherited
from these miniscule cyanobacteria
the power to capture light's energy.
They store it and feed off it,
它们储存并利用此能量
turning it into wood and leaves,
并使其变成木材和树叶
which then decompose
into a mixture of water, mineral,
然后又分解成水、矿物、蔬菜
和生物的混合物
vegetable and living matter.
于是生命不可或缺的土壤逐渐形成
And so,
gradually,
soils are formed.
土壤是生物多元性的工厂
Soils teem with the incessant activity
of micro-organisms,
它们是不断活动的世界
feeding, digging,
aerating and transforming.
微生物觅食、挖掘、透气、蜕变
They make the humus, the fertile layer
to which all life on land is linked.
它们制造腐植土
在这肥沃的土层上
所有陆上生命互相紧扣
What do we know about life on Earth?
地球上的生命我们知道什么？
How many species are we aware of?
A tenth of them?
我们认识多少品种？
A hundredth perhaps?
十分之一？百分之一？
What do we know
about the bonds that link them?
地球是个奇迹，生命仍是个谜
The Earth is a miracle.
Life remains a mystery.
动物的家族得以形成
Families of animals form,
united by customs and rituals
至今仍存的习惯和仪式使它们凝聚
that are handed down
through the generations.
有些适应了环境
Some adapt
to the nature of their pasture
and their pasture adapts to them.
有些是环境适应它们
And both gain.
The animal sates its hunger
and the tree can blossom again.
生命在地球上是伟大的历险
In the great adventure
of life on Earth,
every species has a role to play,
每种生物各有其位，各司其职
every species has its place.
没有多余或有害
None is futile or harmful.
They all balance out.
它们互相平衡
你们这些聪明的人类
And that's where you,
homo sapiens, wise human,
在这成为主角
enter the story.
你们从地球四十亿年的遗产受惠
You benefit from a fabulous
4-billion-year-old legacy
bequeathed by the Earth.
你们只得二十万年历史
You are only 200,00000 years old,
但你们改变了世界的面貌
but you have changed
the face of the world.
虽有弱点
Despite your vulnerability, you have
taken possession of every habitat
但你们占据了所有栖息地
and conquered swathes of territory,
like no other species before you.
征服所有土地
任何生物都未尝做过
经过十八万年的游牧岁月
After 180,00000 nomadic years,
and thanks to a more clement climate,
气候变得温和
人类开始安定下来
humans settled down.
他们不再以打猎为生
They no longer depended
on hunting for survival.
他们定居于充满渔猎
和野生植物的湿地
They chose to live in wet environments
that abounded in fish,
game and wild plants.
这里土地、水和生命混合
There where land,
water and life combine.
即使今天
Even today,
the majority of humankind
lives on the continents' coastlines
大部分人类都靠着海岸
河边和湖畔居住
or the banks of rivers and lakes.
他们开始进化
Across the planet,
one person in four
但他们可用的能量只是双臂
和大自然赋予的东西
lives as humankind did
6,00000 years ago,
their only energy that which nature
provides season after season.
这是人类数千年来的故事
也是现今四分一人类
即十五亿人的故事
It's the way of life
of 1.5 billion people,
more than the combined population
of all the wealthy nations.
这数目是富裕国家人口的总和
但生命的期待短暂
But life expectancy is short
and hard labor takes its toll.
艰苦劳动大行其道
The uncertainties of nature
weigh on daily life.
大自然的不可预知加重日常负担
教育是罕有特权
Education is a rare privilege.
子女是家庭唯一资产
Children are a family's only asset
as long as every extra pair of hands
每双手对家庭的生存都要作出贡献
is a necessary contribution
to its subsistence.
人类的天份在于经常洞悉自已的弱点
Humanity's genius
is to have always had a sense
of its weakness.
他们很想扩张领土
但自知力有不逮
The physical strength, with which
nature insufficiently endowed humans,
大自然不曾赋予他们的能量和气力
is found in animals that help them
to discover new territories.
他们在动物身上找到
并驯养它们作仆役
空着肚子怎去征服世界？
But how can you conquer the world
on an empty stomach?
人类发明耕种
The invention of agriculture
turned our history on end.
把自已到处觅食的野兽本质彻底改变
八千至一万年前开始
It was less than 10,00000 years ago.
农业改写了人类历史
Agriculture
was our first great revolution.
并出现首次盈余
It resulted in the first surpluses
and gave birth to cities
and civilizations.
催生了城市和文明
数千年艰苦觅食的记忆逐渐淡忘
The memory of thousands of years
scrabbling for food faded.
他们学会将谷类适应不同的土壤
和气候
Having made grain the yeast of life,
we multiplied the number of varieties
and learned to adapt them
to our soils and climates.
他们学会增加农作物的收成和种类
像地球上所有动物
We are like every species on Earth.
Our principal daily concern
is to feed ourselves.
人类每天首要任务是喂饱自已和家人
当土瘠水稀的时候
When the soil is less than generous
and water becomes scarce,
人类要为干燥耕地
we are able
to deploy prodigious efforts to extract
作适当的筹谋部署
from the land
enough to live on.
人类以极大的耐性和专注去模塑土地
Humans shaped the land with the patience
and devotion the Earth demands
in an almost sacrificial ritual
performed over and over.
近乎祭神仪式般不停地重复
Agriculture is still
the world's most widespread occupation.
农业仍然是世界上最普遍的职业
一半人类仍在耕种土地
四分三用人手
Half of humankind tills the soil,
over three-quarters of them by hand.
Agriculture is like a tradition handed
down from generation to generation
农业像传统般一代接一代
in sweat, graft and toil,
有血有汗地薪火相传
because for humanity
it is a prerequisite of survival.
因它是人类生存的先决条件
人类依赖人力日久
But after relying on muscle-power
for so long, humankind found a way
开始发掘地上能量
to tap into the energy
buried deep in the Earth.
这些火焰也来自植物
These flames are also from plants.
A pocket of sunlight.
一束阳光
道地的能量，太阳的能量
Pure energy.
The energy of the sun,
captured over millions of years
by millions of plants
于一亿年前被数以百万计的树木
俘虏了超过数百万年
more than 100 million years ago.
It's coal. It's gas.
那是煤，是天然气
更重要的是石油
And, above all, it's oil.
这束阳光把人类从辛劳的犁土
解放出来
And this pocket of sunlight freed
humans from their toil on the land.
石油令人类从时间的束缚解放开来
With oil began the era of humans
who break free
of the shackles of time.
石油令一部分人得享从未有过的舒适
With oil, some of us
acquired unprecedented comforts.
And in 50 years, in a single lifetime,
仅仅五十年
仅仅一代人的时间
the Earth has been
more radically changed
地球发生根本变化
than by all previous generations
of humanity.
是历来人类从未体验
越来越快
Faster and faster.
In the last 60 years,
过去六十年
the Earth's population
has almost tripled.
人类人口倍增超过二十亿人移居城市
And over 2 billion people
have moved to the cities.
越来越快
Faster and faster.
Shenzhen, in China,
深圳四十年前只是偏僻渔村
with hundreds of skyscrapers
and millions of inhabitants,
was just a small fishing village
barely 40 years ago.
现拥有数以百计的摩天大楼
和千万人口
越来越快
Faster and faster.
二十年来上海建了三千巨厦
In Shanghai,
3,00000 towers and skyscrapers
have been built in 20 years.
Hundreds more are under construction.
数百商厦马上就要落成
今天
地球上七十亿人口一半住在城市
Today, over half of the world's
7 billion inhabitants
live in cities.
纽约
New York.
世界上第一个超级城市
The world's first megalopolis
is the symbol of the exploitation
of the energy the Earth supplies
是人类无止境地剥削地球资源的象征
to human genius.
The manpower of millions of immigrants,
数百万移民的人力资源
the energy of coal,
the unbridled power of oil.
煤的能量及无约束的石油力量
美国最先发现和利用这珍贵
而具革命性能量的[黑金]
America was the first
to harness the phenomenal,
revolutionary power of "black gold".
机器取代人力
In the fields,
machines replaced men.
一升石油等于一百双手
在一天产生的能量
A liter of oil
generates as much energy
as 100 pairs of hands in 24 hours.
美国只有三百万农夫
In the United States,
only 3 million farmers are left.
他们出产的谷物
They produce enough grain
to feed 2 billion people.
可以喂饱二十亿人口
但大部分谷物并非用作食粮
But most of that grain
is not used to feed people.
就像其他工业国
Here, and in all other
industrialized nations,
谷物用来喂牲口或作生化燃料
it is transformed into livestock feed
or biofuels.
令耕地干旱的妖魔被阳光的能量赶走
The pocket of sunshine's energy
chased away the specter of drought
that stalked farmland.
所有泉水用作耕种
No spring escapes
the demands of agriculture,
which accounts for 70%
of humanity's water consumption.
人类七成用水靠它
大自然的一切都互相连系
In nature, everything is linked.
The expansion of cultivated land
and single-crop farming
耕地的拓展和单一谷物的种植
鼓励寄生虫的繁殖
encouraged
the development of parasites.
石油化工革命带来的杀虫剂
把它们杀光
Pesticides, another gift
of the petrochemical revolution,
exterminated them.
农作失收和饥荒成为湮远回忆
Bad harvests and famine
became a distant memory.
The biggest headache now
眼前最头痛是如何处理现代农业
带来的盈余
was what to do with the surpluses
engendered by modern agriculture.
有毒的杀虫剂渗进空气、泥土
动植物和河海
But toxic pesticides
seeped into the air,
soil, plants,
animals, rivers and oceans.
它们入侵一切生命
赖以生存的细胞核心
They penetrated the heart of cells
similar to the mother cell
shared by all forms of life.
Are they harmful to the humans
they released from hunger?
它们对其免于饥饿的人类有害吗？
These farmers
in their yellow protective suits
这些穿着黄色保护衣物的农夫
probably have a good idea.
可能有更好的主意
新兴农业免除了对土壤和季节的依赖
Then came fertilizers,
another petrochemical discovery.
肥田料令小片土地
出产前所未见的丰富收成
They produced unprecedented results
on plots of land thus far ignored.
适应了土地和气候的谷物
Crops adapted to soils and climates
gave way to the most productive
varieties and easiest to transport.
被多产和易于运输的品种所取代
于是在上一世纪
And so, in the last century,
three-quarters of the varieties
developed by farmers
农夫在过去数千年
哺育发展的四分三品种全部绝种
over thousands of years
have been wiped out.
极目所见
As far as the eye can see,
fertilizer below, plastic on top.
肥料在下、塑料在上的艾美利亚温室
是欧洲的菜园
The greenhouses of Almeria, Spain,
are Europe's vegetable garden.
A city of uniformly sized vegetables
waits every day
大批形状整齐的蔬菜
每天等候数以百计的卡车
for hundreds of trucks to take them
to the continent's supermarkets.
把它们运送到欧洲大陆的超级市场
国家越发展
The more a country develops,
the more meat its inhabitants consume.
国民吃肉就越多
不依靠集中营式牛场
How can growing worldwide demand
be satisfied without recourse
如何满足全球需求增长越来越快
to concentration camp-style
cattle farms?
Faster and faster.
牲口可能一生未见过草原
Like the life cycle of livestock,
which may never see a meadow.
Manufacturing meat faster than
the animal has become a daily routine.
比动物一生更快的制肉工序成
日常程序
被数百万牛只践踏的辽阔饲场
寸草不生
In these vast foodlots,
trampled by millions of cattle,
not a blade of grass grows.
一队队卡车从全国各地运来数以吨计
的谷物、黄豆和丰富蛋白质的颗粒
A fleet of trucks from every corner
of the country brings tons of grain,
soy meal and protein-rich granules
that will become tons of meat.
最终变成一吨吨的肉
结杲是生产一公斤马铃薯
要一百公升水
The result is that
it takes 100 liters of water
to produce 1 kilogram of potatoes,
一公斤米要四千公升水
4,00000 liters for 1 kilo of rice
一公斤牛肉要一万三千公升水
and 13,00000 liters for 1 kilo of beef.
Not to mention the oil guzzled
in the production process and transport.
还有在生产和运输过程被耗掉的石油
我们的农业要靠石油推动
Our agriculture
has become oil-powered.
它养活地球上双倍的人口
It feeds
twice as many humans on Earth,
but has replaced diversity
with standardization.
但多元性被标准化取代
它让我们享受到梦中才有的舒适
It gives many of us comforts
we could only dream of,
but it makes our way of life
totally dependent on oil.
但却使我们的生活方式完全倚赖石油
这是新的时间观念
This is the new measure of time.
我们的时钟随着那
不言倦的阳光机器的节奏一起摆动
Our world's clock now beats
to the rhythm of indefatigable machines
tapping into the pocket of sunlight.
整个地球对我们寄托
The whole planet is attentive
to these metronomes
希望和幻想的节拍器非常注意
of our hopes and illusions.
The same hopes and illusions
that proliferate along with our needs,
同样的希望和幻想随着我们的需求
increasingly insatiable desires
and profligacy.
以及越来越难以满足的欲望
和放荡而增加
我们知道平价石油很快结束
We know that the end of cheap oil
is imminent,
但我们拒绝相信
but we refuse to believe it.
美国梦是体现在一个传奇的名字：
洛杉矶
For many of us,
the American dream is embodied
by a legendary name.
Los Angeles.
在这个方圆一百公里的城市
In this city
that stretches over 100 kilometers,
the number of cars is almost equal
to the number of inhabitants.
汽车的数目几乎与人口相等
这里，晚上是能源落力表演的时刻
Here, energy puts on a fantastic show
every night.
白天不过是夜晚的苍白反映
晚上使城市变成闪烁星空
The days seem no more
than a pale reflection of nights
that turn the city into a starry sky.
越来越快
Faster and faster.
距离不再以英哩量度
Distances are no longer
counted in miles, but in minutes.
而是多少分钟车程
The automobile shapes new suburbs,
where every home is a castle,
汽车重塑郊区面貌
每个房子都好像城堡般跟令人窒息的
市中心保持安全距离
a safe distance
from the asphyxiated city centers,
and where neat rows of houses
huddle around dead-end streets.
一排排整齐的房子挤拥在死胡同四周
少数发达国家的模式因世界性传播的
电视片集而成为全球人类的梦想
The model of a lucky-few countries
has become a universal dream
preached by TVs all over the world.
Even here in Beijing,
即使在北京
这些被到处模仿、抄袭的模范屋
it is cloned, copied and reproduced
in these formatted houses
that have wiped pagodas off the map.
把古塔通通从地图扫走
汽车成为舒适和进步的象征
The automobile has become the symbol
of comfort and progress.
如杲每个社会都跟随这个模式
If this model were followed
by every society,
the planet wouldn't have 900 million
vehicles, as it does today,
地球不会只得九亿辆汽车
而是五十亿
but 5 billion.
越来越快
Faster and faster.
世界越发展
The more the world develops,
the greater its thirst for energy.
它对能源的渴求就更高
Everywhere, machines dig, bore
and rip from the Earth
到处都是挖钻矿物的机器
the pieces of stars buried
in its depths since its creation...
把盘古初开时埋在地上的星星掘出来
Minerals.
未来二十年
As a privilege of power,
80% of this mineral wealth
人类从地球开采的矿物
比过去历来的总数都要多
八成开采所得财富
is consumed
by 20% of the world's population.
只由两成人口分享
在本世纪完结之前
Before the end of this century,
由于过份开采矿产
excessive mining will have exhausted
nearly all the planet's reserves.
人类将会耗尽地球上的大部分资源
越来越快
Faster and faster.
造船厂不断铸造运油轮、货柜船
运天然气船
Shipyards churn out oil tankers,
container ships and gas tankers
以应付世界性工业生产的需求
to cater for the demands
of globalized industrial production.
大部分消费品要千里迢迢地
从产地运到消费地
Most consumer goods travel
thousands of kilometers
from the country of production
to the country of consumption.
自1950年至今
Since 1950, the volume of international
trade has increased 20 times over.
国际贸易增长了二十倍
九成商贸在海上进行
90% of trade goes by sea.
500 million containers
are transported every year.
每年要运送的货柜达到五亿
货柜船向着主要的消费地区进发
Headed for the world's major hubs
of consumption,
例如杜拜
such as Dubai.
杜拜是世界上最大的建筑工地之一
Dubai is a sort of culmination
of the Western model,
a country where the impossible
becomes possible.
一个将不可能变成可能的国家
例如在大海中建造人工岛
Building artificial islands in the sea,
for example.
杜拜可以输入数百万吨的原料
和来自世界各地的人口
Dubai has few natural resources,
but with oil money it can bring in
millions of tons of material
它可以建造耸入云霄的石屎森林
and workers from all over the planet.
杜拜没有农地但可以入口食物
Dubai has no farmland,
but it can import food.
杜拜没有水源但可以花巨款淡化海水
Dubai has no water, but it can afford
to expend immense amounts of energy
to desalinate seawater and build
the world's highest skyscrapers.
杜拜阳光充沛但没有太阳能发热板
Dubai has endless sun,
but no solar panels.
It is the totem to total modernity
that never fails to amaze the world.
杜拜似找到自已的位置
它恰似全球财富的象征
Dubai is like the new beacon
for all the world's money.
没有任何事物比杜拜更远离大自然
Nothing seems further removed
from nature than Dubai,
although nothing depends on nature
more than Dubai.
但没有任何事物比杜拜更依赖大自然
Dubai is a sort of culmination
of the Western model.
这城市只不过跟随富裕国家的模式
我们没有想到我们耗尽大自然的储备
We haven't understood that
we're depleting what nature provides.
自1950年起
Since 1950, fishing catches
have increased fivefold
世界人口增长一倍
from 18 to 100 million metric tons
a year.
但渔获由每年一千八百万吨
剧增至一亿吨
数以千计的加工渔船淘空海洋
Thousands of factory ships
are emptying the oceans.
四分三渔场正被搜捕一空
Three-quarters of fishing grounds
are exhausted,
depleted or in danger of being so.
大鱼已所余无几
Most large fish have been fished
out of existence
since they have no time to reproduce.
因为没有时间繁殖
我们把上苍赋予的生命循环摧毁了
We are destroying the cycle of a life
that was given to us.
At the current rate, all fish stocks
are threatened with exhaustion.
以目前进度
2050年海洋将无鱼可捕
每五人就有一人以鱼为主要食粮
Fish is the staple diet
of one in five humans.
我们忘记资源是稀少的
We have forgotten
that resources are scarce.
五亿人口住在荒漠地带
500 million humans
live in the world's desert lands,
比欧洲人口还要多
more than the combined population
of Europe.
他们懂得水的价值
They know the value of water.
他们也会爱惜涓滴
They know how to use it sparingly.
这里他们依赖泉水
Here, they depend on wells
replenished by fossil water,
二万五千年前降于沙漠的雨水
储于地底
which accumulated underground
back when it rained on these deserts.
成为不断补充泉水的古水源
25,00000 years ago.
古水源令谷物得以在沙漠生长
Fossil water also enables crops
to be grown in the desert
to provide food for local populations.
为当地人口提供食粮
The fields' circular shape derives
圆形的农田是由中央的喉管
作圆周式灌溉
from the pipes that irrigate them
around a central pivot.
但要付出沉重代价
But there is a heavy price to pay.
古水源乃无法更新
Fossil water
is a non-renewable resource.
在沙地阿拉伯
In Saudi Arabia,
the dream of industrial farming
in the desert has faded.
在沙漠作现代耕种的梦已褪
就像羊皮纸地图
As if on a parchment map,
the light spots on this patchwork
show abandoned plots.
光点显示了被放弃的计划
The irrigation equipment
is still there.
灌溉器具仍在
泵水的能量仍在
The energy to pump water also.
但古水源几乎被汲取净尽
But the fossil water reserves
are severely depleted.
以色列把沙漠变成农地
Israel turned the desert
into arable land.
虽则温室只能点滴灌溉
Even though these hothouses
are now irrigated drop by drop,
water consumption continues
to increase along with exports.
出口的增长令耗水量增加
浩瀚一时的约旦河成为涓滴小溪
The once mighty River Jordan
is now just a trickle.
Its water has flown to supermarkets
all over the world
其河水陪着箱中蔬杲飞到世界
各大超市
in crates of fruit and vegetables.
约旦河的命运并不孤单
The Jordan's fate is not unique.
Across the planet,
one major river in ten
地球上每十条大河
就有一条年中数月不能流出大海
no longer flows into the sea
for several months of the year.
缺少约旦河水
Deprived of the Jordan's water,
the level of the Dead Sea goes down
by over one meter per year.
死海的水平线年减一米
印度可能是下一世纪最受缺水问题
困扰的国家
India risks being the country
that suffers most
from lack of water
in the coming century.
Massive irrigation
has fed the growing population
大规模灌溉养活庞大人口
and in the last 50 years,
21 million wells have been dug.
过去五十年
他们掘了二千一百万口井
在印度为了找到水源
In many parts of the country,
井底越钻越深
the drill has to sink every deeper
to hit water.
在印度西部，三成水井被遗弃
In western India,
30% of wells have been abandoned.
地下含水层开始干涸
The underground aquifers
are drying out.
广大的蓄水池收集雨水补充含水层
Vast reservoirs will catch monsoon rains
to replenish the aquifers.
在干旱季节，村中妇女以双手挖掘
In the dry season, local village women
dig them with their bare hands.
千里以外，每人每天用水达一千公升
Thousands of kilometers away,
800 to 1,00000 liters of water
are consumed
per person per day.
拉斯维加斯矗立沙漠中
Las Vegas was built out of the desert.
有数百万居民加上每月成千上万访客
Millions of people live there.
Thousands more arrive every month.
Its inhabitants are among the biggest
water consumers in the world.
是世上用水最多的人口
棕榈泉是另一满是热带植物和
青翠高尔夫球场的沙漠城市
Palm Springs is another desert city
with tropical vegetation
and lush golf courses.
这幻影还可以繁荣多久？
How long can this mirage
continue to prosper?
地球已无法追上
The Earth cannot keep up.
为这些城市提供水源的科罗拉多河
是无法出海的众河流之一
The Colorado River,
which brings water to these cities,
is one of those rivers
that no longer reaches the sea.
更令人担忧的是它的源头水量下降
Water levels in the catchment lakes
along its course are plummeting.
2025年前，水荒问题会影响二十亿人
Water shortages could affect nearly
2 billion people before 2025.
湿地占了地球表面6%
The wetlands represent
6% of the surface of the planet.
在恬静的水面下
Under their calm waters
lies a veritable factory,
有一个真正的厂房
where plants and micro-organisms
patiently filter the water
这亲密地结合的丰实多姿会过滤水份
消化污染
and digest all the pollution.
沼泽是净化水份必需的生态环境
These marshes are indispensable
environments for the regeneration
and purification of water.
They are sponges
that regulate the flow of water.
沼泽也是调节水流的海绵
潮湿时吸水，干旱时放水
They absorb it in the wet season
and release it in the dry season.
人类为了开发更多土地
In our race to conquer more land,
往往把沼泽变成牲畜的草地
或可耕种建屋的陆地
we have reclaimed them
as pasture for livestock,
or as land for agriculture or building.
在上一世纪，地球一半沼泽被消灭
In the last century,
half the world's marshes were drained.
We know neither their richness
nor their role.
我们竟不知它的富饶和所担当的角色
所有生物都互相连系
All living matter is linked.
水、土、木、空气
Water, air, soil, trees.
The world's magic
is right in front of our eyes.
世界的魔法就在我们眼前
树木把地下水像呼吸一样以薄雾形态
送到大气中
Trees breathe groundwater
into the atmosphere as light mist.
They form a canopy that alleviates
the impact of heavy rains.
这薄雾形成遮篷缓和大雨的冲击
The forests provide the humidity
that is necessary for life.
并保护泥土免于流失
树林储蓄碳
They store carbon,
containing more
than all the Earth's atmosphere.
它们含碳的份量比大气多
是我们需要的气候平衡的基石
They are the cornerstone of the climatic
balance on which we all depend.
树木提供地球四分三生物品种的
栖息地
The primary forests provide a habitat
for three-quarters
of the planet's biodiversity,
即是说地球上所有生命
that is to say,
of all life on Earth.
这些树林提供可以医治我们的药物
These forests provide the remedies
that cure us.
The substances secreted by these plants
can be recognized by our bodies.
我们的身体可辨认这些植物
分泌的物体
我们的细胞说同一语言，是同一家族
Our cells talk the same language.
We are of the same family.
自1960年代始，砍伐树林的速度
But in barely 40 years,
the world's largest rainforest,
阿马逊是世上最大的热带雨林
the Amazon,
has been reduced by 20%.
其面积已缩小两成
森林让路给牛场和大豆田
The forest gives way to cattle ranches
or soybean farms.
95% of these soybeans are used
to feed livestock and poultry
95%大豆用来喂饲欧亚两洲的禽畜
in Europe and Asia.
And so, a forest is turned into meat.
不过二十年
Barely 20 years ago, Borneo,
the 4th largest island
婆罗洲，全球第四大岛屿
in the world,
was covered by a vast primary forest.
全岛满布原始森林
以目前伐林的速度
At the current rate of deforestation,
十年内它将会完全消失
it will have disappeared
within 10 years.
生物把水、土、空气、阳光结合
Living matter
bonds water, air, earth and the sun.
In Borneo, this bond has been broken
婆罗洲曾是全球最大生物品种的摇篮
in what was one of the Earth's
greatest reservoirs of biodiversity.
在这里，这种结合已被打破
这大灾难是决定在婆罗洲
This catastrophe was provoked
by the decision to produce palm oil,
生产全世界销量最高的棕榈油
而引致的
one of the most productive and consumed
oils in the world, on Borneo.
棕榈油不单食用还可生产化妆品
清洁剂
Palm oil not only caters
to our growing demand for food,
but also cosmetics, detergents
and, increasingly, alternative fuels.
以至越来越普遍的另类燃料
树林的多样性被单一品种取代
The forest's diversity was replaced
by a single species, the oil palm.
棕榈树的单一栽培既容易
产量多而快
For local people,
it provides employment.
是本地人的的职业，是耕种工业
It's an agricultural industry.
另一过度伐木的例子是制纸浆的桉树
Another example of massive deforestation
is the eucalyptus.
种植场越来越多
Eucalyptus is used to make paper pulp.
因过去五十年
Plantations are growing
as demand for paper has increased
纸张的需求增长五倍
fivefold in 50 years.
一个树林不能取代另一个
One forest
does not replace another forest.
桉树底部寸草不生
At the foot of these eucalyptus trees,
nothing grows because their leaves form
a toxic bed for most other plants.
因其掉下来的树叶有毒性
令其它植物不能生长
它们生长快速，耗水亦多
They grow quickly,
but exhaust water reserves.
黄豆、棕榈油、桉树
Soybeans, palm oil,
eucalyptus trees...
Deforestation destroys the essential
to produce the superfluous.
开伐林木是舍本逐末
But elsewhere,
但在其它地方
开伐林木是求生的最后手段
deforestation is a last resort
to survive.
超过二十亿人
Over 2 billion people,
即世界三分一人口仍依赖炭
almost one third
of the world's population,
still depend on charcoal.
海地曾经是[加勒比海明珠]
In Haiti,
one of the world's poorest countries,
charcoal is one of the population's
main consumables.
如今必需外国援助
Once the "pearl of the Caribbean",
Haiti can no longer feed
its population without foreign aid.
才能养活人民
海地山坡上的树林只剩2%
On the hills of Haiti,
only 2% of the forests are left.
光秃的山泥无法吸收雨水
没有植物和根茎的支援
Stripped bare,
nothing holds the soils back.
泥土守不住，被雨水冲下山
The rainwater washes them
down the hillsides as far as the sea.
远至海边
雨水侵蚀令土壤质素下降，不宜耕种
What's left is increasingly
unsuitable for agriculture.
在马达加斯加
In some parts of Madagascar,
the erosion is spectacular.
雨水侵蚀景像非常壮观
Whole hillsides bear deep gashes
hundreds of meters wide.
山坡布满数百米宽的深坑
瘦薄而脆弱，土壤由生物构成
Thin and fragile,
soil is made by living matter.
经数千年形成的一层腐植土
With erosion,
the fine layer of humus,
因雨水侵蚀而消失
which took thousands of years to form,
disappears.
复活节岛的历史或许令我们反思
Here's one theory of the story
of the Rapanui,
the inhabitants of Easter Island,
that could perhaps
give us pause for thought.
这个世上最偏僻的岛屿的居民
Living on the most isolated island
in the world,
the Rapanui exploited their resources
until there was nothing left.
把岛上资源开发净尽
Their civilization did not survive.
他们无法存活
On these lands stood
the highest palm trees in the world.
这里曾矗立最高的棕榈树
They have disappeared.
如今荡然无存
The Rapanui
chopped them all down for lumber.
当地人把树木变木材
They then faced
widespread soil erosion.
导致大幅水土流失
当地人无法再出海捕鱼
The Rapanui could no longer go fishing.
There were no trees to build canoes.
因为已无树木可建做独木舟
但当地人是太平洋最耀眼的文明
Yet the Rapanui formed one of the most
brilliant civilizations in the Pacific.
富创造力的农夫、雕塑家
杰出航海家
Innovative farmers, sculptors,
exceptional navigators,
他们在人口多
资源减少的夹缝中挣扎
they were caught in the vise of
overpopulation and dwindling resources.
They experienced social unrest,
revolts and famine.
结杲酿成社会动荡、叛乱和饥荒
Many did not survive the cataclysm.
巨变中很少人幸存
复活节岛的迷团不是岛上奇异的雕像
The real mystery of Easter Island is not
how its strange statues got there,
而是当地人为何不及时作出反应
we know now.
It is why the Rapanui
didn't react in time.
我们是否要重蹈当地人的覆辙？
我们为何不汲取历史教训？
It's only one of a number of theories,
but it has particular relevance today.
Since 1950, the world's population
has almost tripled.
过去五十年
世界人口增长一倍有多
同一时间
And since 1950,
我们把自已的岛屿一地球…
we have more fundamentally
altered our island, the Earth,
所作的根本改变比过去二十万年
都要多
than in all
of our 200,00000-year history.
Nigeria is the biggest oil exporter
in Africa,
尼日利亚是非洲最大石油出口国
yet 70% of the population
lives under the poverty line.
但七成人口却生活于贫穷线下
那地方不缺财富
The wealth is there, but the country's
inhabitants don't have access to it.
但人民无法染指
The same is true all over the globe.
世界各地也有同样情况
Half the world's poor
live in resource-rich countries.
世上一半穷人住在资源丰富的国家
我们的发展模式并未实现当初的承诺
Our mode of development
has not fulfilled its promises.
In 50 years, the gap between rich
and poor has grown wider than ever.
五十年来
贫富悬殊从未如此严重
今天，全球一半财富掌握在2%
富豪手上
Today,
half the world's wealth is in the hands
of the richest 2% of the population.
Can such disparities be maintained?
这种不相称还可维持吗？
它们是人口迁徙的原因
They are the cause
of population movements
其规模我们尚未知晓
whose scale we have yet
to fully realize.
拉哥斯的人口在1960年只得七十万
The city of Lagos
had a population of 700,00000 in 1960.
到2025年将激增至一千六百万
That will rise to 16 million by 2025.
拉哥斯是成长最快的超级大都会之一
Lagos is one of the fastest growing
megalopolises in the world.
新人口多是无法营生而离乡别井
的农民
The new arrivals are mostly farmers
forced off the land
for economic or demographic reasons,
or because of diminishing resources.
这是完全不同形态的城市人口
增长模式
This is a radically new type
of urban growth,
移民不为致富，只求生存
driven by the urge to survive
rather than to prosper.
每周全球各大城市共有一百多万人
涌入
Every week, over a million people swell
the populations of the world's cities.
目前每六人有一人住在不安全
不健康的挤逼环境
1 human in 6 now lives in a precarious,
unhealthy, overpopulated environment
既无水电
without access to daily necessities,
such as water, sanitation, electricity.
亦无日常卫生所需
饥荒再次肆虐，影响将近十亿人口
Hunger is spreading once more.
It affects nearly 1 billion people.
地球上到处都是拾荒为生的人
All over the planet, the poorest
scrabble to survive, while we continue
但我们却继续挖钻并非生活必需
的资源
to dig for resources
that we can no longer live without.
我们凯觎更远的未被破坏
但更难开发的地区
We look farther and farther afield
in previously unspoilt territory
and in regions that are
increasingly difficult to exploit.
我们没改变固有模式
We're not changing our model.
石油可能短缺？
Oil might run out?
我们仍可从加拿大的柏油沙提炼
We can still extract oil
from the tar sands of Canada.
世上最大的卡车运来数千吨沙
The biggest trucks in the world
move thousands of tons of sand.
从沙粒分割
The process of heating
and separating bitumen from the sand
沥青的加热过程需要数百万立方米的
水和惊人的能量
requires millions
of cubic meters of water.
Colossal amounts of energy are needed.
此举带来灾难性的污染
The pollution is catastrophic.
The most urgent priority, apparently,
最逼切的显然是尽量利用太阳能
is to pick every pocket of sunlight.
石油枯竭已为成魔咒
Our oil tankers
are getting bigger and bigger.
为了单一模式和理念进行的疯狂竞赛
Our energy requirements
are constantly increasing.
令我们每天都在浪费资源和
破坏我们的环境
We try to power growth
like a bottomless oven
that demands more and more fuel.
我们的运油轮越来越大
我们对能源的需求不断增加
It's all about carbon.
In a few decades, the carbon
that made our atmosphere a furnace
像无底的炉不断加柴火
说来说去仍是碳
and that nature captured over millions
of years, allowing life to develop,
数十年中令大气层变成火炉
will have largely been pumped back out.
以及数百万年来大自然收押的碳
将被从新释出
The atmosphere is heating up.
大气层变得热了
数年前
It would have been inconceivable for
a boat to be here just a few years ago.
在这找到一艘船是不可思议的
运输、工业、开伐林木
农业等等活动
Transport, industry,
deforestation, agriculture...
释放巨量二氧化碳
Our activities release gigantic
quantities of carbon dioxide.
不知不觉那些粒子
Without realizing it,
molecule by molecule,
破坏了地球的气候平衡
we have upset
the Earth's climatic balance.
全部目光都集中于南北两极
All eyes are on the poles,
这里地球暖化的影响最明显
where the effects of global warming
are most visible.
一切来得很快
It's happening fast, very fast.
连接美欧亚的北极航道打开了
The north-west passage that connects
America, Europe and Asia via the pole,
is opening up.
北极的冰冠开始融化
The arctic ice cap is melting.
地球暖化影响下
Under the effect of global warming,
四十年来冰冠的厚度减了四成
the ice cap has lost
40% of its thickness in 40 years.
Its surface area in the summer
shrinks year by year.
它在夏天的总面积逐年下降
2030年会全部消失
It could disappear
in the summer months by 2030.
另一说法是2015年
Some say 2015.
本来被大冰原反射的阳光直照深海
并加热海水
The sunbeams that the ice sheet
previously reflected back
now penetrate the dark water,
heating it up.
于是加速暖化过程
The warming process gathers pace.
冰雪包含地球的记录
This ice contains the records
of our planet.
数十万年来
The concentration of carbon dioxide
hasn't been so high
二氧化碳的浓度从未试过这样高
for several hundred thousand years.
人类从未生活在这种大气下
Humanity has never lived
in an atmosphere like this.
过度开发资源正威胁所有品种
的生存？
Is excessive exploitation of resources
threatening the lives of every species?
气候变化使危机加深
Climate change
accentuates the threat.
到2050年
By 2050,
a quarter of the Earth's species
地球上四分一生物可能绝种
could be threatened with extinction.
In these polar regions,
在南北两极，大自然的平衡已瓦解
the balance of nature
has already been disrupted.
在北极圈
Around the North Pole,
三十年来冰冠面积减少三成
the ice cap has lost 30%
of its surface area in 30 years.
但当格陵兰迅速暖化
But as Greenland
rapidly becomes warmer,
一整个大陆的淡水加入海中咸水
the freshwater of a whole continent
flows into the salt water of the oceans.
格陵兰的冰占地球淡水两成
Greenland's ice contains 20%
of the freshwater of the whole planet.
若溶化，海平线会升高七米
If it melts,
sea levels will rise by nearly 7 meters.
但这里没有工业
But there is no industry here.
格陵兰的大冰原受地球其它地方
排放的温室气体所影响
Greenland's ice sheet suffers
from greenhouse gases
emitted elsewhere on Earth.
我们的生态系统并无疆界
Our ecosystem doesn't have borders.
无论在那里
Wherever we are,
我们的所作所为在全球各地引起回响
our actions have repercussions
on the whole Earth.
Our planet's atmosphere
is an indivisible whole.
大气层是不可分割的整体
是我们共享的资产
It is an asset we share.
在格陵兰表面
In Greenland,
lakes are appearing on the landscape.
湖泊开始形成
冰冠融化的速度连最悲观的科学家
The ice cap is melting at a speed
even the most pessimistic scientists
did not envision 10 years ago.
十年前也预计不到
越来越多源自冰川的河流汇集
并在表层下穿过
More and more of these glacier-fed
rivers are merging together
and burrowing though the surface.
人们以为河水会在冰的深处结冰
It was thought the water would freeze
in the depths of the ice.
但恰恰相反
On the contrary,
it flows under the ice,
它在冰下流过
carrying the ice sheet into the sea,
where it breaks into icebergs.
把大冰原带到大海并碎裂成冰山
当格陵兰的淡水慢慢渗入海洋的咸水
As the freshwater
of Greenland's ice sheet
seeps into the salt water of the oceans,
地球各处低洼地区将大受威胁
low-lying lands around the globe
are threatened.
Sea levels are rising.
海平线升高
单是上世纪因海水暖化膨胀影响
Water expanding as it gets warmer
caused, in the 20th century alone,
海水升高二十毫米
a rise of 20 centimeters.
所有事情变得不稳定
Everything becomes unstable.
例如珊瑚礁对海水温度的轻微变化
非常敏感
Coral reefs are extremely sensitive
to the slightest change
in water temperature.
30% have disappeared.
三成已消失
They are an essential link
in the chain of species.
它们是生物链中重要一环
在大气层，主要季节风已改变方向
In the atmosphere, major wind streams
are changing direction.
雨水循环和气候、地理都被改变
Rain cycles are altered.
The geography of climates is modified.
处于低地的岛屿
The inhabitants of low-lying islands,
here in the Maldives, for example,
are on the front line.
像马尔代夫形势不妙
当地人很忧虑
They are increasingly concerned.
有些开始寻找新的居所
Some are already looking for new,
more hospitable lands.
如杲海水上升越来越快
If sea levels continue to rise
faster and faster,
地球上最多人口的大都会
what will major cities like Tokyo,
the world's most populous city, do?
例如东京，会怎样做？
每一年科学家的预测越来越令人担忧
Every year, scientists' predictions
become more alarming.
全球有七成人住在沿海平地
70% of the world's population
lives on coastal plains.
十五个最大城市有十一个位于海岸线
或河口海水上升
11 of the 15 biggest cities
stand on a coastline or river estuary.
咸水会入侵地下水位
As the seas rise,
salt will invade the water table,
depriving inhabitants
of drinking water.
令居民失去可供饮用的食水
Migratory phenomena are inevitable.
人口迁徙已无可避免
唯一不能肯定只是其规模
The only uncertainty
concerns their scale.
在非洲，乞力马扎罗山已面目全非
In Africa,
Mount Kilimanjaro is unrecognizable.
它的八成冰川已消失
80% of its glaciers have disappeared.
夏天河不复流
In summer,
the rivers no longer flow.
当地人受缺水影响
Local peoples are affected
by the lack of water.
即使在世界最高的喜马拉雅山
Even on the world's highest peaks,
in the heart of the Himalayas,
终年积雪和冰川亦见减少
eternal snows and glaciers
are receding.
但这些冰川对水的循环很重要
Yet these glaciers play
an essential role in the water cycle.
它们冷凝季候风的水份使变成冰
They trap the water
from the monsoons as ice
and release it in the summer
when the snows melt.
夏天冰雪溶解时再变回水
喜马拉雅山冰川
是亚洲几条大河的源头
The Himalayan glaciers are the source
of all the great Asian rivers,
包括印度河、恒河、湄公河、长江
the Indus, Ganges,
Mekong, Yangtze Kiang...
二十亿人依赖其河水作饮用和灌溉
2 billion people depend on them
for drinking water
譬如孟加拉国
and to irrigate their crops,
as in Bangladesh.
位于恒河和雅鲁藏布江三角洲
On the delta
of the Ganges and Brahmaputra,
孟加拉
直接受到喜马拉雅山的现象
和海水上升的影响
Bangladesh is directly affected
by phenomena occurring in the Himalayas
and at sea level.
它是地球上人口最多
又最贫困的国家之一
This is one of the most populous
and poorest countries in the world.
It is already hit by global warming.
越来越严重的河水泛滥和飓风的蹂躏
The combined impact of increasingly
dramatic floods and hurricanes
could make
a third of its land mass disappear.
将令其土地消失三分之一
When populations are subjected
to these devastating phenomena,
老百姓面对突变
最终唯有迁地为良
they eventually move away.
富裕国家亦不能幸免
Wealthy countries will not be spared.
全世界都出现旱灾
Droughts are occurring
all over the planet.
In Australia,
half of farmland is already affected.
在澳洲，已有一半农地受影响
我们正需要向哺育我们一万二千多年
的气候平衡作出妥协
We are in the process of compromising
the climatic balance
that has allowed us to develop
over 12,00000 years.
More and more wildfires
encroach on major cities.
越来越多山火侵害主要城市
令地球进一步暖化
In turn,
they exacerbate global warming.
树木燃烧时释出二氧化碳
As the trees burn,
they release carbon dioxide.
调节我们气候的机制已失衡
The system that controls our climate
has been severely disrupted.
它所依赖的元素已被破坏
The elements on which it relies
have been disrupted.
在这壮丽风景背后
The clock of climate change is ticking
in these magnificent landscapes.
气候转变的时计正在嘀嗒响
在西伯利亚等严寒地区
Here in Siberia,
and elsewhere across the globe,
it is so cold
that the ground is constantly frozen.
地面长期结冰，称为永久冻结带
It's known as permafrost.
隐藏于地下的是气候定时炸弹：沼气
Under its surface
lies a climatic time-bomb.
Methane,
此温室气体比二氧化碳的浓度
强二十倍
a greenhouse gas 20 times
more powerful than carbon dioxide.
如杲永久冻结带融化
If the permafrost melts,
the methane releases would cause
the greenhouse effect
释出的沼气会令温室效应恶化至
无人能预计的程度
to race out of control
with consequences no one can predict.
人类只有十年时间把暖化的方向逆转
We would literally
be in unknown territory.
以免人类闯入这未知土地
Humanity has no more than 10 years
to reverse the trend
and avoid
crossing into this territory...
并过着从未试过的生活滋味
Life on Earth
as we have never known it.
We have created phenomena
we cannot control.
我们炮制了自已都无法控制的现象
我们的源头、水、空气和生命形态
全都互相连结
Since our origins,
water, air and forms of life
are intimately linked.
但这些连结近年已遭破坏
But recently
we have broken those links.
让我们面对事实
Let's face the facts.
We must believe what we know.
我们要信自已的知识
我们刚才看到的是人类行为的反映
All we have just seen is a reflection
of human behavior.
我们以自已的构想改变地球
We have shaped the Earth in our image.
我们只有很少时间去作出改变
We have very little time to change.
如杲我们拒绝为自已的所作所为负责
How can this century carry the burden
of 9 billion human beings
if we refuse to be called to account
试问这个世纪怎能肩负
九十亿人的重担？
for everything we alone have done?
世界两成人口耗用地球八成资源
20% of the world's population
consumes 80% of its resources
全球花在军备上的资金是援助
发展中国家资金的十二倍
The world spends
12 times more on military expenditures
than on aid to developing countries
每天有五千人因饮用受污染的水死亡
十亿人没有安全食水
5,00000 people a day die
because of dirty drinking water
1 billion people
have no access to safe drinking water
十亿人在饥饿边缘挣扎
Nearly 1 billion people are going hungry
全球一半谷物用以喂饲牲口或作燃料
Over 50% of grain
traded around the world
is used for animal feed or biofuels
全球四成耕地质量下降
40% of arable land
has suffered long-term damage
每年有一千三百万公顷森林消失
Every year,
13 million hectares of forest disappear
每四只哺乳动物、八只雀鸟
两只两栖动物就有一只濒！临绝种
1 mammal in 4, 1 bird in 8, 1 amphibian
in 3 are threatened with extinction
生物品种的死亡率
比正常速度快了一千倍
Species are dying out at a rhythm
1,00000 times faster than the natural rate
以目前的捕鱼速度
海洋到了2050年就无鱼可捕
Three quarters of fishing grounds
are exhausted,
depleted or in dangerous decline
最近十五年是有记录以来最热
The average temperature
of the last 15 years
has been the highest ever recorded
四十年来冰冠的厚度减少四成
The ice cap is 40% thinner
than 40 years ago
到了2050年全球将有二亿五千万
气候难民
There may be at least 200 million
climate refugees by 2050
我们的行动代价高昂
The cost of our actions is high.
Others pay the price
without having been actively involved.
其他没有积极参与的亦要付出代价
我见过在沙漠上
I have seen refugee camps
绵延的难民营
as big as cities,
sprawling in the desert.
大得像个城市
明天将会有多少男女老幼流离失所？
How many men,
women and children
will be left by the wayside tomorrow?
我们一定要筑墙来破坏人类团结
分隔人种
Must we always build walls
to break the chain of human solidarity,
维护某些人的幸福
separate peoples
and protect the happiness of some
from others' misery?
而对另一批人的不幸置之不顾？
要悲观已经太迟
It's too late to be a pessimist.
我知道一个人就可以推倒一堵墙
I know that a single human
can knock down every wall.
要悲观已经太迟
It's too late to be a pessimist.
Worldwide,
4 children out of 5 attend school.
全世界，每五个小孩有四个上学
从来没有这么多人受教育
Never has learning been given
to so many human beings.
每个人无论贫富都可作出贡献
Everyone, from richest to poorest,
can make a contribution.
莱索托是全球最穷的国家之一
Lesotho,
one of the world's poorest countries,
is proportionally the one that invests
most in its people's education.
他们投放在国民教育的经费
比例上最高
Qatar, one of the richest states,
has opened up to the best universities.
卡塔尔是全球最富国家之一
他们引进最优秀大学
文化、教育、研究、发明
是无穷无尽的资源
Culture, education,
research and innovation
are inexhaustible resources.
面对贫困痛苦
In the face of misery and suffering,
millions of NGOs prove that solidarity
数百万非政府组织证明
between peoples is stronger
than the selfishness of nations.
人之间的团结
比各国的自私自利更强大
In Bangladesh,
a man thought the unthinkable
在孟加拉国
有人异想天开开办银行
and founded a bank
that lends only to the poor.
只借钱给穷人
In 30 years, it has changed
the lives of 150 million people.
三十年间全球有一亿五千万人的生活
得到改善
南极洲有丰富自然资源
Antarctica is a continent
with immense natural resources
不属任何国家
that no country can claim for itself,
其自然储备只作和平和科学用途
a natural reserve
devoted to peace and science.
A treaty signed by 49 states
49国签署协定使成为人类共享的宝库
has made it a treasure
shared by all humanity.
要悲观已经太迟
It's too late to be a pessimist.
多国政府为保护地球上2%的水源
已行动起来
Governments have acted to protect
nearly 2% of territorial waters.
虽然不多，但已是十年前的两倍
It's not much but it's 2 times more
than 10 years ago.
首个自然公园于一世纪前成立
The first natural parks were created
just over a century ago.
面积占南极洲13%
They cover over 13% of the continents.
他们创造了人类可以保护物种
土壤和景观的空间
They create spaces
where human activity
is in step with the preservation
of species, soils and landscapes.
人类和大自然的和谐成为定律
而不是例外
This harmony between humans and nature
can become the rule,
no longer the exception.
在美国
In the US, New York has realized
what nature does for us.
纽约市已明白大自然用心良苦
These forests and lakes
supply all the city's drinking water.
这些森林和湖泊为城市人提供食水
在南韩，森林被战争蹂躏
In South Korea,
the forests had been devastated by war.
全仗全国性的植林计划
Thanks to
a national reforestation program,
they once more cover
65% of the country.
全国有65%是树林
More than 75% of paper is recycled.
四分三的纸张是循环再造
哥斯达黎加在军备和环保之间
作出选择
Costa Rica has made a choice between
military spending and land conservation.
The country no longer has an army.
这国家没有军队
It prefers to devote its resources
to education, ecotourism
它宁愿把资源投放到教育
绿色旅游和保护原始森林上
and the protection
of its primary forest.
加蓬是全球最大木材出口国
Gabon is one of the world's
leading producers of wood.
It enforces selective logging.
Not more than 1 tree every hectare.
它严格执行选择性伐木
每公顷不能砍树超过一棵
Its forests are one of the country's
most important resources,
它的森林是国家最重要经济支柱
但它们有足够时间再繁殖
but they have time to regenerate.
保证可持续的森林管理计划是存在的
Programs exist that guarantee
sustainable forest management.
They must become mandatory.
但必须成为强制性
无论消费者或生产者
For consumers and producers,
justice is an opportunity to be seized.
都必须争取公平
When trade is fair,
when both buyer and seller benefit,
贸易要是公平
买卖双方都能获益
人人都家肥屋润、生活舒适
everybody can prosper
and earn a decent living.
一些人以双手作工具
How can there be justice and equity
另一些人有机器和国家补贴
between people
whose only tools are their hands
试问何来公义和平等？
and those who harvest their crops
with a machine and state subsidies?
要做负责任的消费者
Let's be responsible consumers.
想想我们买什么？
Think about what we buy!
要悲观已经太迟
It's too late to be a pessimist.
我见到过人力所及的农业
I have seen agriculture
on a human scale.
若非制肉商拿走人的口粮
It can feed the whole planet
if meat production doesn't take
the food out of people's mouths.
农产品可以喂饱所有人类
I have seen fishermen
who take care what they catch
我见到过有些渔民很小心捕鱼
and care for the riches of the ocean.
并关心海洋的蕴藏量
我见到过能自已产生能量的房子
I have seen houses
producing their own energy.
五千人住在地球上
首个环保友善的地区
5,00000 people live in the world's
first ever eco-friendly district
in Freiburg, Germany.
在德国费赖堡
Other cities partner the project.
许多城市成为合作伙伴
孟买将是第一千个加入
Mumbai is the thousandth to join them.
新西兰、冰岛、奥地利、瑞典等国家
The governments of New Zealand, Iceland,
Austria, Sweden and other nations
决定把再生能源发展订为最优先项目
have made the development
of renewable energy sources
a top priority.
我知道地球上八成能源来自远古时代
80% of the energy we consume
comes from fossil energy sources.
Every week,
在中国
two new coal-fired generating plants
are built in China alone.
每星期就建成两座燃煤发电站
但我在丹麦见过一个
燃煤发电站的原型
But I have also seen, in Denmark,
a prototype of a coal-fired plant
它把释出的碳送到地底
而不是送到天空
that releases carbon into the soil
rather than the air.
这是未来的解决方案吗？
A solution for the future?
Nobody knows yet.
暂时说不定
我在冰岛见到过以地热发电的电力站
I have seen, in Iceland,
an electricity plant
powered by the Earth's heat.
Geothermal power.
I have seen a sea snake
我见到过懒洋洋地躺着的[海鳗]
lying on the swell
to absorb the energy of the waves
利用海浪的能量来发电
and produce electricity.
我在丹麦海岸见过风力发电站
I have seen wind farms
off Denmark's coast
that produce 20%
of the country's electricity.
可生产该国两成电力
The USA, China, India, Germany
and Spain are the biggest investors
美、中、印度、德国、西班牙
是再生能源的最大投资者
in renewable energy.
他们已提供二百五十万职位
They have already created
over 2.5 million jobs.
Where on earth
doesn't the wind blow?
试问地球上，那个角落没有风？
我见过太阳下烤炙的广阔沙漠
I have seen desert expanses
baking in the sun.
地球上的事物都互相关连
Everything on Earth is linked,
而地球又跟它的能量源头.太阳
有关系
and the Earth is linked to the sun,
its original energy source.
Can humans not imitate plants
and capture its energy?
人类可否像植物般捕捉太阳的力量？
In one hour, the sun gives the Earth
the same amount of energy
在六十分钟内
太阳发出的能量
相当人类一年的消耗
as that consumed
by all humanity in one year.
As long as the Earth exists,
the sun's energy will be inexhaustible.
只要地球存在
太阳的能量是无穷无尽
All we have to do
我们要暂停钻挖地球
is stop drilling the Earth
and start looking to the sky.
把目光移到天空
All we have to do
is learn to cultivate the sun.
我们要学会栽培太阳
All these experiments
are only examples,
这实验只是例子
but they testify to a new awareness.
但说明了新的觉醒
They lay down markers
for a new human adventure
它们为人类以节制、智慧、分享为本
的新旅程奠下基石
based on moderation,
intelligence and sharing.
It's time to come together.
我们是时候要聚首反思
重要的不是消失了什么
What's important
is not what's gone,
而是我们现在拥有的
but what remains.
我们仍然拥有半个世界的树林
We still have
half the world's forests,
数以千计的河流，湖泊和冰川
thousands of rivers, lakes and glaciers,
and thousands of thriving species.
及数以千计的生物物种
我们知道有什么解决方法
We know that the solutions
are there today.
我们都有力量去改变世界
We all have the power to change.
你还在等待什么？
So what are we waiting for?
未来将会如何就要视乎我们怎样
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