暑假英语语法课程:英语语法入门(基础)报名,语音导学,本期学习英语语法:短语动词与介词动词。
3. 短语动词与介词动词
英语中有不少由“动词+副词”或“动词+介词”构成的动词。这些动词已不再具备原有动词的意义而具有新的意义,这类动词称为短语动词或介词动词。
(1)短语动词
1)用作及物动词可用作及物动词。比如:
find out发现 finish off吃完
get in收进 give back归还
give out分发 give up放弃
look up查阅 set up建立
take off脱下 turn on开(灯,电视…)
turn off关(灯,电视…)
They tried to find out how the fire started.
他们努力查明火灾是怎么发生的。
He was so hungry that he finished off everything on the table.
他很饿,吃完了桌上的东西。
It was warm in the room, so he took off his coat.
房间里暖和,所以他脱掉了上衣。
He turnedoff the TV set and then went to bed.
他关掉电视机,然后去睡觉
注意:短语动词后面接宾语的位置:
It’s noisy in the room. Can you
turn down the radio |
turn the radio down |
turn it down |
a bit?
房间里很闹,你乐能把收音机音量调低一些吗?
2)用作不及物动词的短语动词
有些短语动词用作不及物动词。比如:
come on来吧 get back回去
go ahead干吧;向前走
take off起飞 hold on等一等(别挂电话)
set out出发
Comeon, boys. Join me in the game.
来吧,孩子们。和我一起做游戏。
—Shallwe start now?我们现在开始好吗?
—Go ahead.开始吧。
—MayI speak to Jane?请珍妮听电话。
—Hold on please.请等一下。
The plane didn’t take off on time because of the heavy rain.
因为大雨飞机没有准时起飞。
(2)介词动词
介词动词通常作及物动词用,注意动词和介词合为一个整体,不能分开。比如:
enter for报名参加 go on继续
go over复习 look after照顾
look for寻找 turn into变成
We all entered for the 1,000 metre race.
我们都报名参加1,000米赛跑。
Let’s go over the old lessons again.
让我们再复习一下旧课。
Who’ll look after my pet dog while I am away?
我不在时,谁照顾我的宠物狗?
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