智能营销总部：编程教学 ES索引操作技巧

1. 仅创建索引：PUT index

   PUT /index

2. 添加字段设置（mappings）：PUT index/_mapping/type，如：（properties下均为索引字段）

   PUT /index/_mapping/_doc {  "properties": {    "email": {      "type": "keyword"    }  }}

3. 添加索引设置（settings）：PUT /index/_settings，如：

   PUT /index/_settings{    "number_of_shards":"8",    "max_inner_result_window":"130000",    "max_result_window":"130000",    "analysis":{        "analyzer":{            "ngram_analyzer":{                "tokenizer":"ngram_tokenizer"            }        },        "tokenizer":{            "ngram_tokenizer":{                "token_chars":[                    "letter",                    "digit",                    "punctuation"                ],                "type":"ngram",                "max_gram":"1"            }        }    }}

4. 添加别名或删除别名：POST /_aliases 或 PUT /index/_alias/name ,如：(remove表示删除别名，add表示添加别名)

POST  /_aliases{    "actions" : [        { "remove" : { "index" : "test1", "alias" : "alias1" } },        { "add" : { "index" : "test2", "alias" : "alias1" } }    ]}PUT /index/_alias/name   exp:/index/_alias/index100

1. 一次性创建包含完整的别名(alias)、字段(mappings)、设置(settings)的索引，如：

   PUT /index_name{    "index_name":{        "aliases":{            "index_alias_name":{            }        },        "mappings":{            "index_type":{                "dynamic":"false",                "properties":{                    "doubleField1":{                        "type":"double",                        "null_value":0                    },                    "keywordField2":{                        "type":"keyword",                        "null_value":""                    },                    "longField3":{                        "type":"long",                        "null_value":0                    },                    "textField4":{                        "type":"text",                        "fields":{                            "raw":{                                "type":"keyword",                                "null_value":""                            }                        },                        "analyzer":"ngram_analyzer"                    },                    "dateField5":{                        "type":"date",                        "null_value":"-62167420800000",                        "format":"yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd||epoch_millis"                    }                }            }        },        "settings":{            "number_of_shards":"3",            "number_of_replicas":"2",            "max_inner_result_window":"130000",            "max_result_window":"130000",            "analysis":{                "analyzer":{                    "ngram_analyzer":{                        "tokenizer":"ngram_tokenizer"                    }                },                "tokenizer":{                    "ngram_tokenizer":{                        "token_chars":[                            "letter",                            "digit",                            "punctuation"                        ],                        "type":"ngram",                        "max_gram":"1"                    }                }            }        }    }}

2. index自动滚动【Rollover】，即：当索引达到预设的滚动条件时，会自动创建新的索引（index），并将别名（alias）指向最新的索引，原索引将被自动删除映射，如：（先创建索引并指名索引别名，然后执行_rollover API 且设定滚动的条件值，最后正常的插入文档数，当达到滚动条件后，则会自动触发index _rollover）

   POST index_alias_name/_rollover/{  "conditions": {    "max_age": "7d", //设置：最大时间7天    "max_docs": 10000,//设置：最大文档记录数    "max_size":  "5gb" //设置：索引最大容量  }}//Response：{  "old_index": "旧索引名",  "new_index": "新索引名",  "rolled_over": true,  "dry_run": false,  "acknowledged": true,  "shards_acknowledged": true,  "conditions": {    "[max_docs: 10000]": true,    "[max_age: 7d]": false,    "[max_size: 5gb]": false  }}//POST index_alias_name/_doc -d {index文档JSON}  插入10000以上的文档记录

3. 重建索引（_reindex），即：一旦索引被创建，则无法直接修改索引字段的mapping属性，必需要重建索引然后将旧的索引数据迁移到新的索引中才行（迁移过程底层使用了scroll API ），如：

   POST _reindex{  "conflicts": "proceed",//发生冲突继续执行  "source": {    "index": "old_index",    "type": "_doc",    "size": 5000,  //设置每批迁移的文档记录数    "_source": ["user", "_doc"], //可设置要迁移的索引字段，不设置则默认所有字段    "query": { //可设置要迁移的文档记录过滤条件      "match_all": { }    }  },  "dest": {    "index": "new_index",    "type": "_doc",    "version_type": "internal" //"internal"或者不设置，则Elasticsearch强制性的将文档转储到目标中，覆盖具有相同类型和ID的任何内容  }}

   其它说明可参见：ES数据库重建索引——Reindex(数据迁移)

4. 查询index的完整定义信息：GET /index ，如：

   GET /index

5. 只查询mapping字段信息：GET /index/_mapping (带s也可以)

   GET /index/_mapping OR /index/_mappings OR /index/_mapping/_doc【如有多个type可以加上指定type】

6. 只查询settings信息：GET /index/_settings

   GET /index/_settings