新的研究显示，女子更容易被精神变态的男子所吸引
By ERIC W. DOLAN / October 19 , 2019
翻译：Ray︱校对：Sally
Men with psychopathic traits tend to create favorable impressions on women, according to a new study published in Evolutionary Psychological Science. The findings indicate that psychopathy may include features that make men appear as more attractive romantic partners despite having a reduced interest in committed relationships.一项发表在《进化心理学》杂志上的新研究发现，具有精神病特质的男性往往会给女性留下很好的印象。研究结果表明，精神病可能具有一些特征，这些特征使男人看起来更像是有吸引力的浪漫伴侣，尽管他们对更笃定的伴侣关系没有太大的兴趣。“Psychopathy as a way of describing some people — mostly men — who have specific personality and behavioral tendencies has led to some enigmatic and quite frankly alarming findings from prisons, many of which had sexual and romantic consequences,” said study author Kristopher Brazil (@brazkris), a PhD candidate at Brock University.
布罗克大学（Brock University）博士生、该研究报告的作者克里斯托弗·巴西（Kristopher Brazil）说：“精神病作为一种描述具有特定个性和行为倾向的人（主要是男性）的方式，得出了一些令人费解、坦率地说令人震惊的、来自监狱的调查结果，其中许多人有涉及性关系和伴侣关系。” “For instance, clinicians and psychologists working in prison settings have long known that inmates with more psychopathic features tenaciously try (i.e., are preoccupied with sex) and often succeed (i.e., must offer some attractive qualities, even if faked) at seducing prison staff, including clinical staff supposedly equipped with the tools to not be subverted by manipulation and charm that psychopathic men deploy.”“例如，在监狱环境中工作的临床医生和心理学家早就知道，具有更多精神病特征的囚犯会不断滴地尝试（即专注于性）、且经常成功地（即一定具有某种吸引人的品质，哪怕是装出来的）引诱监狱工作人员，包括医务人员，据说他们已有准备，不会被精神病患者所使用的手段和魅力所打败。” “Yet these individuals were some of the most violent and disruptive individuals in the institutions they were housed. The enigma of presenting such a positive image of themselves successfully despite their negative effect on others is what strongly influenced our ideas for this study,” Brazil told PsyPost.巴西告诉PsyPost：“ 然而，这些人是收容机构中最暴力和破坏性最强的一些人。尽管他们对他人产生了负面影响，但他们成功地展示了自己正面的自我形象，这像个谜团，强烈地影响了我们对这项研究的想法。” “Understanding how psychopathic individuals may be doing this was important (i.e., how manifesting the traits unfolded in a social context), but we were also interested in understanding why psychopathy may even exist.”“了解精神病患者是如何做到这一点的很重要（即，如何在社会背景下展现这些特质），但我们也有兴趣了解这些变态心理为何可能存在。” “This is where the evolutionary component came in, it allowed us to ask questions about the very existence of psychopathic traits—i.e., might they exist precisely because they enable men to have this kind of positive effect in initiating sexual and romantic relationships?” Brazil said.“这里就要提到进化的理论了，它让我们询问精神变态为何存在问题，也就是说，他们的存在，是否正是因为他们能让男性在性关系和浪漫关系中产生这种积极的影响？” 巴西说。“Ultimately, the existing non-evolutionary theories of psychopathy did not provide a good explanation for how and why psychopathy may have these effects, so we were interested in furthering our understanding of psychopathy using an evolutionary lens that can make sense of these effects.”“最终，现有的精神病的非进化理论并没有提供一个很好的解释，来说明精神病如何以及为什么会有这些影响，所以我们有兴趣用一种进化的透镜来加深我们对精神病的理解，以解释这些影响存在的合理性。” For their study, the researchers recruited 46 young men from a Canadian university and had them engage in a video-recorded dating scenario with a female research assistant for about 2 minutes. The assistant started the conversation by asking the participant what he liked to do on a first date or what he thought was important in a relationship.为了进行这项研究，研究人员从加拿大一所大学招募了46名年轻男性，让他们与一名女性研究助理进行了约2分钟的视频记录约会。女助理首先询问他在第一次约会时喜欢做什么，或者他认为在一段关系中什么是重要的。Afterward, the male participants completed assessments of psychopathy, social intelligence, and sociosexuality. The researchers then had 108 young women view the dating videos and rate each man on general attractiveness, sexual attractiveness, and confidence. Another group of 11 participants rated the men’s physical attractiveness.之后，男性参与者完成了精神病、社会智力和社会群体性行为的评估。研究人员随后让108名年轻女性观看了约会视频，并对每个男性的总体吸引力、性吸引力和自信力进行了评分。另一个由11名参与者组成的小组对这些男性的外表吸引力进行了评估。Brazil and his colleagues found that psychopathy was positively related to both men’s social intelligence and favorable attitudes towards casual sex. They also found that women’s ratings tended to be more favorable to men with more psychopathic traits — even after controlling for physical attractiveness ratings.巴西和他的同事发现，精神变态与男性的社会智力和对随意性行为的良好态度都呈正面的关联。他们还发现，女性的评分往往更倾向于有更多精神病特征的男性——即使在控制了外表吸引力的评分之后。“Psychopathic men have a personality style that makes them appear attractive to women in dating encounters. This may be because they are extra confident or feel at ease or know exactly what to say to get the attention of women,” Brazil told PsyPost.巴西告诉PsyPost网站说：“精神变态的男人有一种个性风格，使他们在约会时对女人显得很有吸引力。这可能是因为他们格外自信，感到自在，或者知道该说些什么来吸引女性的注意。” Bolstering this argument, previous research has also indicated that manipulative and deceitful personality traits can help psychopathic individuals achieve reproductive success in unpleasant environments — though the long-term consequences are complex.支持这一观点的是，先前的研究也表明，操纵性和欺骗性的人格特质可以帮助精神病患者在不愉快的环境中获得生殖成功——尽管长期的后果是复杂的。“Lastly, psychopathic individuals may use their charm and exciting personality to elicit trust and desire, but their ultimate goal seems to be selfish pleasure. The old cliché of getting to know someone well may be one maxim to live by to protect oneself from getting into a relationship with a psychopathic individual,” Brazil explained.“最后，精神变态者可能会利用他们的魅力和令人兴奋的个性来获得信任和欲望，但他们的最终目标似乎就是自私的快乐。老话说了解一个人要透彻应该是生活中的一个准则，以保护自己不与一个精神变态的人建立关系。”巴西解释道。The study provides news insights into psychopathy and relationships. But future research should examine more diverse samples to confirm these findings.这项研究为精神病和人际关系提供了新的见解。但未来的研究应该检验更多的不同样本来证实这些发现。我们为什么分心？哈佛心理专家告诉你。英语读头条（第558期）
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