03. Food, taste, preferences, part 01
3. Description of food
3.1. According to the shape into which the food is breakdown
Glossary: Nouns denoting shapes
Chinese
Pinyin (with tones)
English
丁
dīng
dice
糊
hú
paste
块
kuài
chunk
排
pái
steak
片
piàn
slice
丝
sī
shred
馅
xiàn
mince
Task: Naming food named after their shape
English
片
丁
块
丝
馅
排
Chinese
trout
+
鳟鱼片
port
+
猪肉丝
lamb
+
羊肉块
salmon
+
三文鱼片
cod
+
鳕鱼块
turnips
+
萝卜丁
pumpkins
+
南瓜片
chicken
+
鸡肉丁
beef
+
牛肉排
lamb
+
羊肉馅
3.2. Food named after the way it is cooked
3.2.1. Verbs used in describing methods of processing
Chinese
Pinyin (with tones)
English
切
qiē
to slice; to shred
剁
duò
to chop into very small pieces
砍
kǎn
to cut (a whole animal or vegetable) into smaller parts
斩
zhǎn
to chop into big chunks
绞
jiǎo
to mince
清洗
qīngxǐ
to clean
泡
pào
to soak
腌
yān
to marinate
3.2.2. Verbs used in describing methods of cooking
Chinese
Pinyin (with tones)
English
煮
zhǔ
To boil
篜
zhēng
To steam
炒
chǎo
To stir-fry
烤
kǎo
To grill; to roast in the oven; to bake
烧
shāo
To roast
红烧
hóngshāo
To roast on a wok with dark soya sauce
小火煮
xiǎohuǒzhǔ
To simmer
煎
jiān
To deep-fry
炸
zhà
To deep-fry
3.3. Food named after the way in which it is cooked
Cooking verb + food name =food named after the way in which it is cooked
（Notethat the verb used as pre-modifier is in the passive voice.）
Chinese
Notes and/or English
红烧牛肉排
红烧牛肉排 =被红烧的牛肉排 = roasted beef steak.
红烧肉
红烧肉 = 被红烧的肉 = roasted pork with dark soya sauce.
烧鸭
烧鸭= 被烧的鸭 = roasted pork.
烤红薯
baked sweet potatoes.
炒肉丝
stir-fried shredded pork.
煎油饼
deep-fried pancake.
煮胡萝卜
boiled carrots.
3.4. Food named according to the supplementary ingredients
When cooking a particular, we may add some special herbs forcertain flavour.
[main ingredient] + verb +main food, e.g.: 土豆烧牛肉: beefroasted with potatoes
Chinese
Notes and/or English
青椒大蒜炒肉丝
shredded pork stir-fried with garlic and green chilli.
姜葱炒鸡丁
diced chicken stir-fried with ginger and onion.
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