中英双字幕(选中以下链接,搜索之后即可查看)
https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1HL41157et/
机器翻译字幕,仅供参考:
the cervical spine has the important job
颈椎的重要作用
of supporting the skull and allowing us
是支撑头骨并允许
to move our head to direct our vision
我们移动头部以引导我们的
the cervical spine also protects the
视线 颈椎还保护
spinal cord the connection between our
脊髓 我们的
brain and the rest of our body(我们身体的其他部分)
大脑与身体其他部位之间的连接
two common anatomic terms are useful as
两个常见的解剖学术语很有用,因为
they relate to the cervical spine
它们相互关联 对于
the term anterior refers to the front of
颈椎,术语前部指
the neck
的是颈部
the term posterior refers to the back of
的前部 术语后部指的
the neck
是颈部
the human spine is made up of 24 spinal
的后部 人体脊柱由 24 块
bones called vertebra vertebra are
称为椎骨的脊椎骨组成,它们
stacked on top of one another to form
彼此堆叠在一起
the spinal column ( /ˈkɑːləm/n. 圆柱,)the spinal column is
形成脊柱 脊柱
the body's main upright support seven
是身体的主要直立支撑 七块
vertebra make up the cervical spine
椎骨组成颈椎,
often referred to as C 1 to C 7 the top
通常称为 C 1 到 C 7 顶部
vertebra c1 connects to the bottom of
椎骨 c1 连接到
the skull the cervical spine curves
颅骨底部 颈椎
slightly inward and ends where c7 joins
略微向内弯曲,并在 c7
the top of the thoracic spine the base
连接顶部的位置结束 胸椎 头骨的底部
of the skull sits on top of c1 also
位于 c1 的顶部,也
called the atlas two thick bony arches
称为图谱 两个厚骨弓
form a large hole through the center of
形成一个穿过图谱中心的大孔
the atlas ( /ˈætləs/n. 地图册;第一颈椎,寰椎)this opening is large because
寰椎 这个开口很大是因为
the spinal cord is wider where at first
脊髓在最初
exits the brain and skull the atlas has
离开大脑和头骨的地方更宽 寰椎
two relatively large bony projections on
在每一侧都有两个相对较大的骨突起
each side the atlas sits on top of the
寰
c2 vertebra also called the axis the
椎位于 c2 椎骨的顶部,也称为枢椎
axis has a large bony knob on top called
轴在顶部有一个大的骨节,
the dens(齿状突) the dens points up and fits
称为 dens dens 指向并
through a hole in the atlas this
穿过图谱中的一个孔
specialized connection between the axis
轴和图谱之间的这种特殊连接
and the atlas gives the neck most of its
使颈部具有大部分
ability to turn to the left and right
向左和向右转动的能力
each vertebra throughout the spine is
整个脊柱的每个椎骨
made of the same parts the main section
由相同的部分
of each cervical vertebra from c2 to c7
组成 每个主要部分 从 c2 到 c7 的颈椎
is formed by round block of bone called
由称为椎体的圆形骨块形成
the vertebral body a bone ring attaches
一个骨环连接
to the back of the vertebral body this
到椎体的后部 这个
ring is formed by two pedicles (椎弓根)that
环由
connect to the back of the vertebral
连接到椎体后部和
body and to lamina(/ˈlæmənə/)that join the
连接椎体的椎板的两个椎弓根形成
pedicles to complete the ring when the
当椎骨相互堆叠时,椎弓根完成环
vertebra are stacked on top of each
other the bone rings form a hollow tube
骨环形成一个围绕脊髓的空心管
that surrounds the spinal cord the
,
inside of this hollow tube is called the
这个空心管的内部称为
spinal canal the bone rings provide a
椎管 骨环为
protective roof over the spinal cord
脊髓提供了一个保护顶 一个
a bony nob projects posterior lis at the
骨节
same point where the two lamina Bones
在两个椎板的同一点突出
joined together at the back of the spine
了后部 骨骼在脊柱后部连接在一起
these projections called spinous
processes can be felt as you rub your
当你上下摩擦手指时可以感觉到这些被称为棘突的突出物
fingers up and down the back of your
脊柱后部
spine each vertebra in the spine has two
脊柱中的每个椎骨都有两个
bony knobs that point out to the side
骨节,分别指向一侧,
one on the left and one on the right
一个在左侧,一个在右侧,
these bony projections are called
这些骨突出被称为
transverse processes
横突
unlike the rest of the spine the
,与脊柱的其余部分不同
cervical vertebra have an opening that
颈椎有一个开口可以
passes down through each transverse
通过 通过每个横突,
process this opening called the
这个称为
transverse foramen(/fəˈreɪmən/) provides a passageway
横突孔的开口
for arteries that run up each side of
为沿着颈部两侧向上延伸的动脉
the neck to supply the back of the brain
提供了通道,为大脑后部
with blood
提供
between each pair of vertebra our two
每对椎骨之间的血液 我们的两个
joints call facet joints (小关节 面关节)the surface of
关节称为小关节 小关节的
the facet joint is covered by articular
表面 被关节
cartilage articular cartilage is a
软骨覆盖 关节软骨是一种
smooth rubbery material that covers the
光滑的橡胶材料,覆盖
ends of most joints it allows the ends
大多数关节的末端,它允许
of the bones to move against each other
博的末端 nes
smoothly with minimal friction these
以最小的摩擦力平稳地相互移动 这些
joints connect the vertebra together and
关节将椎骨连接在一起并
slide against one another to allow the
相互滑动,以允许
neck to move in many directions except
颈部向多个方向移动,除了
for the very top of the cervical spine
颈椎的最顶部
each cervical vertebra has two facet
每个颈椎
joints on each side the facet joints on
在每一侧都有两个小关节
top connected the vertebra above the
顶部的
ones below join the vertebra below when
小关节连接下面的椎骨
the vertebra stack on top of one another
当椎骨相互堆叠时,连接下面的椎骨
an opening is formed on each side of the
在脊柱的每一侧形成一个开口,
spine called a neuro foramen a nerve
称为神经孔 神经
nerve root leaves the spinal cord through this
神经根通过这个开口离开脊髓
opening one on the left and one on the
左侧和
right the spinal cord travels through
右侧一个 脊髓
the spinal canal the hollow tube of bone
穿过椎管
created by the stacked vertebra the
由堆叠的椎骨形成的中空骨管
spinal cord is made up of millions of
脊髓由数百万条
nerve fibers two large nerves called
神经纤维组成 两条称为
nerve roots branch off the spinal cord
神经根的大神经
at each level where two vertebra come
在每一层从脊髓分出 两个椎骨
together one on the left and one on the
汇合在一起,一个在左边,一个在
right these nerve roots branch into the
右边,这些神经根分支成
nerves that travel into the upper
神经,进入
extremities upper body and to certain
上肢upp 身体和某些
organs ligaments are strong connective
器官 韧带是强大的
tissues that attach bones to other bones
结缔组织,将骨骼连接到其他骨骼
several long ligaments connect on the
几条长韧带连接在
front and back sections of the vertebra
椎骨的前部和后部
the anterior longitudinal ligament runs
前纵韧带
lengthwise down the front of the
沿椎体前部纵向向下延伸 后纵韧带连接在椎骨的前部和
vertebral bodies the posterior
后部
longitudinal ligament attaches on the
back of the vertebral bodies the
椎体后部
ligamentum flavum is a long elastic band
黄韧带是一条长弹性带
that connects to the front surface of
,连接到每个椎板的前表面
each of the lamina bones each set of
每组
Fassett joints is also surrounded by a
Fassett 关节也被一个
joint capsule that is made up of
关节囊包围,该关节囊由
ligaments
韧带组成
a special structure in the spine called
脊柱中的一种特殊结构,称为
an intervertebral disk sits between each
椎间盘位于每
pair of vertebra an intervertebral disc
对椎骨之间
is made of two parts in the center of
椎间盘由两部分组成,
each intervertebral disc is a spongy( /ˈspʌndʒi/)
每个椎间盘的中心是一种
material called the nucleus pulposus the
称为髓核的海绵状材料 髓核
nucleus pulposus provides most of the
shock absorption in the spine the
在脊柱中提供大部分减震
nucleus is surrounded by the annulus(/ˈænjʊləs/n. 环,环形物) a
髓核被椎间盘包围 环
series of strong ligamentous rings that
一系列坚固的韧带环,
attach to the vertebra above and below
附着在上面的椎骨和
the intervertebral discs the anterior
在椎间盘下方,
cervical area is covered with muscles
颈前区覆盖着
that run from the rib cage and
从
collarbone to the cervical vertebra jaw
胸腔和锁骨到颈椎颌骨
and skull the posterior cervical muscles
和颅骨的肌肉,颈后肌肉
cover the bones along the back of the
覆盖沿脊柱后部的骨骼,构成了
spine and make up the bulk ( /bʌlk/n. 主体,大部分)of the
颈椎上的大部分
tissues on the back of the neck a good
组织 颈后
way to understand the anatomy of the
了解颈椎解剖结构的一个好方法
cervical spine is by looking at a single
是观察单个
spinal segment a spinal segment includes
脊柱节段 一个脊柱节段包括
two vertebra separated by an
由椎间盘隔开的两个椎骨
intervertebral disc the nerves that
leave the spinal cord between each pair
在每
of vertebra and the small facet joints
对椎骨和小关节面之间离开脊髓的神经
that link each level of the spinal
连接脊柱每一层的关节
column the intervertebral disc separates
椎间盘
the two vertebral bodies of the spinal
将脊柱
segment the facet joints and
节段的两个椎体分开 小关节和
intervertebral discs work together to
椎间盘共同作用以
allow bending and rotating of the
允许颈椎弯曲和旋转
cervical spine the facet joints slide
小关节滑动,
while the disc works like a flexible
而椎间盘像柔性
connection between the two vertebra
连接一样工作 在两个椎骨之间
it is probably quite clear that the
很可能很清楚
cervical spine is a complex machine with
颈椎是一个复杂的机器
an important job to do understanding the
了解颈椎的结构和功能是一项重要的工作,
structure and function of the cervical
spine can help you better understand how
可以帮助您更好地了解
problems in the neck can cause pain and
颈部问题如何导致疼痛和
dysfunction enabling you to become more
功能障碍,使您能够更多地
involved in your healthcare and better
参与医疗保健并
able to care for your neck problem
更好地护理颈部问题
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