On the sixteen line poem to answer the questions of College Readers (2) 关于十六行诗答高校读者问（二）

作者：尹才干（中国）

Author: Yin Caigan (China)

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一、探索十六行新体诗的初衷是什么？

1、 What is the original intention of exploring sixteen line new style poetry?

尹才干答：大家知道，旧体诗和现代自由诗都存在一定的缺陷。旧体诗一味沿袭传统，故步自封，“绝句、律诗”是其范本，创新艰难。自由诗一味抛弃传统，追求西化，越写越散，“翻译诗”是其范本，丧失了民族特点。因此，我想让二者各向中间走一步，携起手来，融合一下。具体地讲，就是立足中华民族诗歌传统，取其精华；借鉴外来，弃其外民族诗歌的糟粕，合二为一，力求创新，富于现代，突出时尚，创造一种具有中国特色的新体诗歌。

Yin Caigan: as you know, both old style poetry and modern free poetry have certain defects. Old style poetry blindly follows the tradition and remains complacent. "Quatrains and regular poems" are its models, and innovation is difficult. Free poetry blindly abandons tradition and pursues Westernization. The more it is written, the more scattered it is. "Translated poetry" is its model and loses its national characteristics. Therefore, I want the two to take a step in the middle, join hands and integrate. Specifically, it is based on the Chinese national poetry tradition and takes its essence; Learn from foreign countries, abandon the dross of foreign national poetry, combine them into one, strive to be innovative, rich in modernity, highlight fashion, and create a new style of poetry with Chinese characteristics.

二、请问尹老师，您说您“一直在寻找中国古体诗歌与现代诗歌的多彩焊条”，这话如何理解？寻找得如何？

2.Excuse me, Mr. Yin, how do you understand that you "have been looking for the colorful combination of Chinese ancient poetry and modern poetry"? How's the search going?

尹才干答：长期以来，我一直在寻找中国古体诗歌与现代诗歌的多彩焊条，希望能够找到它们的传承面、契合点、延伸线，并试图构建中华诗歌创作的高速路，同时也提倡难度写作，希望用汉语言语调的平仄、语音的韵脚、句式（诗行、段落）的整饬（zhěng chì，整齐有序），去找到它们共有的民族、地域、时代属性，去构造汉语诗歌推石上山的时代坡度，释放它的力度，掌握它的向度，把控它的速度。中国当代图像诗、十六行诗、新打油诗，便是我探索路上留下的脚印。

Yin Caigan: for a long time, I have been looking for the colorful combination of Chinese ancient poetry and modern poetry, hoping to find their inheritance surface, coincidence point and extension line, and try to build a high-speed road for Chinese poetry creation. At the same time, I also advocate difficult writing, hoping to use the flat tone of Chinese speech, the rhyme of voice and the alignment of sentence patterns (lines and paragraphs) ě Ng ch ì, neat and orderly), to find their common national, regional and era attributes, to construct the era slope of Chinese poetry pushing the stone up the mountain, release its strength, master its direction and control its speed. Chinese contemporary image poetry, sixteen line poetry and new doggerel poetry are the footprints left on my way of exploration.

三、如何处理十六行新体诗与中国古体诗的传承与发展关系？

3.How to deal with the relationship between the inheritance and development of sixteen line new style poetry and Chinese ancient style poetry?

尹才干答：十六行新体诗，是对中国古体诗（主要是格律诗）的创新性发展。对于学生学习诗歌创作而言，十六行新体诗，可以作为诗歌学习入门的基本体裁。意思就是，写十六行新体诗，可以初步跨入诗歌写作的门槛。入了门以后，根据自己的兴趣、爱好、能力、志向，可以多向选择。一是向门里纵深推进，进一步熟悉旧体诗歌（格律体诗歌）的规矩，比如平仄、音韵、格律（参见尹才干主编《诗歌写作教程》《创意写作教程》），字数和句数的规定，内容的“对”“粘”“连”等规定，运用“平水韵”，创作出古色古香的旧体诗（格律诗）；或运用“中华通韵”（2019年11月1日经国家教育部正式颁布施行），创作出具有新时代特色的旧体诗（格律诗）。二是立足门内，目光向外，在继承中华诗歌本质特色的基础上，写出更加灵活、自由的带有中华民族诗歌特色的新时代自由诗。

Yin Caigan replied: Sixteen line new style poetry is an innovative development of Chinese ancient style poetry (mainly Metrical Poetry). For students to learn poetry creation, sixteen line new style poetry can be used as the basic genre of poetry learning. It means that writing sixteen line new style poetry can initially step into the threshold of poetry writing. After entering the door, you can choose from many directions according to your interests, hobbies, abilities and aspirations. First, we should go deep into the door and be more familiar with the rules of old style poetry (Metrical Poetry), such as flat tone, phonology and metrical (see the poetry writing course and creative writing course edited by Yin Caigan), the provisions on the number of words and sentences, the "right", "adhesion" and "connection" of the content, and use "flat water rhyme" to create Antique Old Style Poetry (Metrical Poetry); Or use "Chinese Tongyun" (officially promulgated and implemented by the Ministry of education on November 1, 2019) to create old style poetry (Metrical Poetry) with the characteristics of the new era. Second, based on the door and looking out, on the basis of inheriting the essential characteristics of Chinese poetry, write more flexible and free free free poetry in the new era with the characteristics of Chinese National Poetry.

四、如何处理十六行诗与外国诗（翻译诗）的关系？

4.How to deal with the relationship between sixteen line poetry and foreign poetry (Translated Poetry)?

尹才干答：这个问题，主要是要处理好诗歌的形式问题。大家可以参看我的《中国现代诗形式断想》《漫谈诗歌的民族形式》等诗论（详见《尹才干诗话》现代出版社，2016年12月第1版）。我历来主张“立足本来，学习外来，开创未来”(详见尹才干《立根派诗歌创作公约》），由此，中国十六行诗与外国诗（翻译诗）的关系就是“相互融合”的关系，其中“本来”为主，“外来”为辅。要特别注意的是，本末不能倒置，主辅不能错位。

Yin Caigan: this question is mainly to deal with the form of poetry. You can refer to my "Reflections on the form of modern Chinese poetry", "rambling on the national form of poetry" and other poetic theories (for details, see Yin Caigan's poetry, modern publishing house, 1st edition, December 2016). I have always advocated "based on the original, learn from the outside and create the future" (for details, see Yin Caigan's Convention on poetry creation of Ligen school). Therefore, the relationship between Chinese sixteen element poetry and foreign poetry (Translated Poetry) is the relationship of "mutual integration", in which "original" is the main and "foreign" is the auxiliary. Special attention should be paid to the fact that the essence should not be inverted and the main and auxiliary should not be misplaced.

五、请问尹老师，您在《构建中华诗歌高速路》一文中说“上世纪七、八十年代以来，您着重实验易写易读的现代新诗歌，以构建中华诗歌创作的平坦、宽阔、少阻碍、速度快，有护栏的高速路。”其中“平坦、宽阔、少阻碍”是什么意思？“护栏”是什么意思？

5.I would like to ask Mr. Yin, in your article "building the highway of Chinese poetry", you said that "since the 1970s and 1980s, you have focused on experimenting with modern new poetry that is easy to write and read, so as to build a highway with flat, wide, less obstacles, fast speed and Guardrails for Chinese poetry creation." What does "flat, wide and less obstacles" mean? What does "guardrail" mean?

尹才干答：“平坦、宽阔、少阻碍”，是指适当放宽旧体诗的创作“规范”“规矩”。“护栏”，是指中华诗歌的本质特征，创作时应该必须遵循的而不能放宽的最基本的“规范、规矩”。不遵循这些中华诗歌的写作规范、规矩，写出来的诗歌就不具有中华民族诗歌的显著特征。

Yin Caigan replied: "flat, broad and less obstacles" refers to appropriately relaxing the "norms" and "rules" of the creation of old style poetry. "Guardrail" refers to the essential characteristics of Chinese poetry and the most basic "norms and rules" that must be followed but not relaxed in creation. Without following the writing norms and rules of these Chinese poems, the poems written will not have the remarkable characteristics of Chinese poetry.

六、尹老师，您搞诗歌创作已经40多年了，那么在“构建中华诗歌高速路”方面有什么体会？哪些作品，较好地实现了您的创作方法？

6.Mr. Yin, you have been engaged in poetry creation for more than 40 years. What is your experience in "building the highway of Chinese poetry"? Which works have better realized your creative method?

尹才干答：谈不上体会。只是通过40多年的诗歌（古风、格律诗、新打油诗、自由诗、十六行诗等）创作实践表明，有规矩，乐于规；有难度，不畏难；方面广，速度快，产量高，就能驶入中华诗歌创作的高速路。至于哪些作品，较好地实现了我的创作方法。我觉得有位老师编的《十六行诗写作示范（16首）》，这个册子里的作品，就较好地彰显了我探索的一些创作方法，如《夜宿武胜》《白坪飞龙新村赋》《归隐辞之一》《乡愁在院子的记忆中翻阅》《梦想在园子的心空里翻飞》《时光在林子的绿伞下休憩》《心绪在坝子的胸膛上晾晒》《岁月在池子的胎盘里生长》《一个梦就能丈量长短》《世界已站在一朵花上》《写给LX的十六行诗》《可听到诗歌冲浪的回响》《故乡的小河却垂钓我》《缝补岁月的十六行诗》《不怕黄昏里母亲老迈的锄头》《快乐安放在散漫的云朵上》等，它包含了十六行新格律诗、十六行新自由诗两种形式，比较全面，大家创作时可以研究参考。

Yin Caigan replied: I can't talk about my experience. Only through more than 40 years of poetry creation practice (ancient style, metrical poetry, new doggerel poetry, free poetry, sixteen line poetry, etc.), it shows that there are rules and are willing to follow them; Difficult, not afraid of difficulties; With a wide range of aspects, high speed and high output, we can drive into the highway of Chinese poetry creation. As for which works have better realized my creative method. I think the works in the "Sixteen line poem writing demonstration (16)" compiled by a teacher better highlight some of the creative methods I have explored, Such as sleeping in wusheng at night, Fu of Baiping flying dragon new village, one of the words of seclusion, nostalgia reading in the memory of the yard, dream flying in the heart of the garden, time resting under the green umbrella of the forest, mood drying on the chest of the dam, years growing in the placenta of the pool, one dream can measure the length, the world has stood on a flower, sixteen line poems written to LX, and the echo of poetry surfing can be heard The river in my hometown is fishing for me, the sixteen line poem to mend the years, the hoe not afraid of my mother's old age in the evening, and happiness on the scattered clouds, etc. it contains two forms of sixteen line new metrical poetry and sixteen line new free poetry, which are relatively comprehensive and can be studied and referred to when you create.

七、您希望有更多的人来写“十六行新体诗”吗？您对当代大学生有什么寄语？

7.Would you like more people to write "Sixteen line new style poetry"? What message do you have for contemporary college students?

尹才干答：当然，希望有更多的人来写“十六行新体诗”。不过要特别说明的是，我的探索是初步的，是肤浅的；更深入，更全面的探索，只有寄希望于你们这些学子了。最后送你们三句话：创新无止境，探索无极限，未来更精彩！

Yin Caigan: of course, I hope more people will write "Sixteen line new style poetry". However, it should be noted that my exploration is preliminary and superficial; For a deeper and more comprehensive exploration, we can only place our hope on you students. Finally, I send you three words: endless innovation, unlimited exploration and more wonderful future!