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Where：Sutter's Mill in Coloma, CaliforniaWhat：The California Gold Rush (1848–1855) began, when gold was found by James W. Marshall at Sutter's Mill in Coloma, California.The news of gold attracted over 300,000 people to California from the rest of the U.S. and abroad. The sudden influx of immigration and gold into the money supply reinvigorated the American economy, and California became one of the few American states to go directly to statehood without first being a territory, in the Compromise of 1850.
Agriculture and ranching expanded throughout the state to meet the needs of the settlers. San Francisco grew from a small settlement of about 200 residents in 1846 to a boomtown of about 36,000 by 1852. Roads, churches, schools and other towns were built throughout California.
The Gold Rush had severe effects on Native Californians and resulted in a precipitous population decline from disease, genocide and starvation. Whole indigenous societies were attacked and pushed off their lands by the gold-seekers.
Gold worth tens of billions of today's dollars was recovered, which led to great wealth for a few. However, many returned home with little more than they had started with.
Gold Rush, California, Compromise of 1850
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