Knowledge Management or KM is a professional discipline applied to concepts and technologies used for the systematic collection, transfer, and management of tacit and explicit information within individuals and/or organisations. A particular focus of knowledge management is knowledge which is not easily codified in digital form, such as the intuition of key individuals that comes through years of experience and being able to recognize various patterns of behavior that someone with less experience may not recognize.
Knowledge transfer (an aspect of KM) has always existed as a process, either informally as discussions, brainstorming sessions etc., or formally through apprenticeship, professional training and mentoring programmes. As an emergent business practice, KM has seen the introduction of the chief knowledge officer, and the establishment of corporate Intranets, wikis, and other knowledge and information technology practices.
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KM professionals may use a specific lexicon to explain the dynamics of knowledge transfer. For example in the last ten years, the Internet has seen groups establish discussions on the use of intellectual capital as a value metric; the meaning of tacit vs explicit knowledge; and more. And it includes organization.
KM seeks to leverage the competitive advantage that comes with improved or faster learning and new knowledge creation. Interest in knowledge management is being driven in part by:
Since its adoption by the mainstream population and business community, the Internet has led to an increase in creative collaboration, learning and research, e-commerce, and instant information. The practice of KM will continue to evolve with the growth of collaboration applications available by IT and through the Internet.
E-learning, web conferencing, and collaborative software are examples of knowledge management applications. Each application can expand the level of inquiry available to an employee, while providing a platform to achieve specific goals or actions.
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