题目：Rats are sociable even with robots①Rats and other animals need to be highly attuned to social signals from others so they can identify friends to cooperate with and enemies to avoid.
主干：Rats and other animals need to be attuned to social signals.英英释意 adjust or accustom to; bring into harmony with
Attune yourself almost in the same manner as you would tune a violin for harmony.
be attuned to sth 对……熟悉（适应）
He seemed unusually attuned to people's feelings.British companies still aren't really attuned to the needs of the Japanese market.
②To find out if this extends to non-living beings,Laleh Quinn at the University of California,San Diego,and her colleagues tested whether rats can detect social signals from robotic rats.主干：A,B,and her colleagues tested…… Q:21.Quinn and her colleagues conducted a test to see if rats can pick up social signals from non-living rats.①They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat—one socail and one asocial —for four days.
主干：They housed eight adult rats with two types of robotic rat for four days. All the books were housed in the library.
The refugees were housed in makeshift dormitories.
asocial a.非社交的，缺乏社交性的，不合群的
②The robot rats were quite minimalist,resembling a chunkier version of a computer mouse with wheels to move around and colourful markings.主干：The robot rats were minimalist.a plane with Danish markings 一架带有丹麦标志的飞机
①During the experiment,the social robot rat followed the living rats around,played with the same toys,and opened cage doors to let trapped rats escape.
主干：The social robot rat followed A，played with B ，and opened C.②Meanwhile,the asocial robot simply moved forwards and backwards and side to side.主干：The asocial robot moved.Q:22.What did the asocial robot do during the experiment?move forwards and backwards and side to side 前后左右移动①Next，the researchers trapped the robots in cages and gave the rats the opportunity to release them by pressing a lever.
主干：The researchers trapped the robots and gave the rats the opportunity.②Across 18 trials each,the living rats were 52 per cent more likely on average to set the social robot free than the asocial one.主干：A were 52 per cent more likely to do sth. than B.③This suggests that the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.
宾从：the rats perceived the social robot as a genuine social being.④They may have bonded more with the social robot because it displayed behaviors like communal exploring and playing.主干：They may have bonded more with the social robot.
eg:She failed to bond with her children.
⑤This could lead to the rats better remembering having freed it earlier,and wanting the robot to return the favour when they get trapped, says Quinn.主干：This could lead to the rats better remembering sth.Q:23.According to Quinn,the rats released the social robot because they expected it to do the same in return.
①“Rats have been shown to engage in multiple forms of reciprocal help and cooperation,including what is referred to as direct reciprocity—where a rat will help another rat that has previously helped them,”says Quinn.
主干：Rats have been shown to engage in forms.
a reciprocal arrangement 一项互惠协定
①The readiness of the rats to befriend the social robot was surprising given its minimal design.主干：The readiness was surprising.befriend vt.以朋友的方式对待，友善对待given prep.鉴于，考虑到（表原因，常用于句首）
②The robot was the same size as a regular rat but resembled a simple plastic box on wheels.
主干：The robot was the same size as a rat but resembled a box.③"We'd assumed we'd have to give it a moving head and tail,facial features,and put a scent on it to make it smell like a real rat,but that wasn't necessary,"says Janet Wiles at the University of Queensland in Australia,who helped with the research.宾从：we 'd have to give it sth.and put a scent on it ,but that wasn't necessary.
Q:24.Janet Wiles notes that rats respond more to actions than to looks.
Q:25.It can be learned from the text rats are more sensitive to social cues than expected.①The finding shows how sensitive rats are to social cues,even when they come from basic robots.宾从：how sensitive rats are to social cues.Q:25.It can be learned from the text rats are more sensitive to social cues than expected.②Similarly,children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings,even when they display only simple social signals.主干：Children tend to treat robots as if they are fellow beings.tend to do sth. 往往做某事；倾向于做某事③"We humans seem to be fascinated by robots,and it turns out other animals are too,"says Wiles.fascinate vt.使着迷
eg:China has always fascinated me.
fascinated a.着迷的，被深深吸引的
be fascinated by 着迷于
robot n.机器人
It turns out…… 原来是，证明是，结果是……
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