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形容词比较级、副词

1、 形容词的用法

(英语单词中,后面有“的”的,都是形容词,good好的,bad坏的,my我的)

形容词是用来修饰、描绘名词的,通常在句中作定语、表语或宾补,有时还可作状语。

He is honest and hardworking.他诚实而勤奋

I found the book interesting.我觉得这本书很有趣。

某些形容词与定冠词连用表示一类人作主语时,谓语通常用复数形式。如:

The rich and the poor live in different parts of the city.富人和穷人生活在城市的不同地方。

The English like to be with their families.英国人喜欢和家人在一起。

多个形容词作定语修饰名词的顺序:冠词+序数词+基数词+性质状态(描述性)+形状大小+新旧老少+颜色+国籍+材料+名词。

the second five interesting big new red Chinese wall papers.

2、形容词比较等级的形式

(1) 规则形式

一般,单音节词及少数双音节词在后加-er; -est 来构成比较级和最高级;其他双音节词及多音节词在前加more, most;great-greater-greatest busy-busier-busiest important-more important-(the)most important

(2) 不规则形式

good (well)-better-best,bad (ill)-worse-worst,many (much)-more-most,little-less-least

(3) 形容词比较等级的用法

①表示两者的比较,用形容词的比较级+than. 如:

He is taller than I.他比我高。

He is two heads taller than I.他比我高出两个头。

Today is hotter than yesterday.今天比昨天热

there is more sea than land.海洋比陆地多

He is cleverer than the other boys.他比其他男孩更聪明。

This one is more beautiful than that one.这个比那个更漂亮。

②表示两者以上的比较,用"the +形容词最高级(+名词)+of(in) …"

He is the cleverest boy in his class.他是班上最聪明的男孩。

③表示两者是同等程度,用"as +形容词原级+as". 如:

He is as tall as I.他和我一样高

I have as many books as you.我有和你一样多的书。

④ 越… 越…   用形容词的比较级+and+比较级

Songyuan is becoming more and more beautiful.松原越来越美丽

It's getting darker and darker.天越来越黑了。

He is getting more and more interested in sports.他对体育越来越感兴趣。

⑤ 越… 越…  用 The more..., the more…

The more you eat, the more you want.你越吃越想要。

⑥ My English is no better than yours.我的英语和你的英语都不怎么样。

⑦ 在'which..., ...or...?'句中,表示两者比较:

Which is bigger, the sun or the moon?太阳和月亮,哪一个更大?

三、形容词比较级前可受 much, far, a lot, still, no, a little, even, any 修饰,表示超出的程度:

We have a much better life now.我们现在的日子好得多了。

The buildings look far uglier in London than here.伦敦的建筑比这儿的难看得多。

This story is even more interesting than that one.这个故事比那个更有趣。

I made a lot more mistakes than you (did).我犯的错误比你多多了。

Your cake is a little larger than mine.你的蛋糕比我的大一点儿。

It's still colder today.今天更冷一些。

-Have you any more? -Oh, sorry, no more.你还有吗?-哦,对不起,没有了。

She's no better yet.她也好不到哪里去。

B.副词

用以修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或全句,表示时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。副词不能修饰名词

1、 副词的种类

(1) 时间副词 如:ago, before, already已经,早已, just, now, early, late, finally, tomorrow等

(2) 地点副词 如:here, there, near, around, in, out, up, down, back, away, outside等。

(3) 方式副词 如:carefully, angrily, badly, calmly, loudly, quickly, politely, nervously等。

(4) 程度副词 如:almost, nearly, much, greatly, a bit, a little, hardly, so, very等。

2、 副词比较等级的用法

其用法与形容词相似,只是副词最高级前可省略定冠词。

Of all the boys he sings (the) most beautifully.在所有男孩中,他唱得最美。

We must work harder.我们必须更加努力地工作。

3、 某些副词在用法上的区别

(1) already, yet, still

already表示某事物已经发生,主要用于肯定句;

yet表示期待某事发生,主要用于否定句和疑问句;

still表示某事还在进行,主要用于肯定句和疑问句,有时也可用于否定句。

We've already watched that film.我们已经看过那部电影了。

I haven't finished my homework yet.我还没有完成我的家庭作业

He still works until late every night.他仍然每天工作到深夜。

(2) too, as well, also, either

too, as well和 also用于肯定句和疑问句,too和as well多用于口语,一般放在句末,而also多用于书面语,一般放在句中与动词连用。either用于否定句和否定的疑问句,往往放在句末。

He went there too.他也去了那里。

He didn't go there either.他也没有去那里。

I like you as well.我也喜欢你。

I also went there.我也去了那里。

(3) hard, hardly

hardly意为"几乎"与hard在词义上完全不同。如:

I work hard every day.我每天都在努力工作。

I can hardly remember that.我几乎不记得了。

(4) late, lately

lately意为"最近、近来",late意为"晚、迟"。如:

He never comes late.他从不迟到。

Have you been to the museum lately?你最近去过博物馆吗?

II. 例题

例1 Tom's father thinks he is already ____

A high enough  B tall enough

C enough high  C enough tall

解析:该题正确答案是B。修饰人高用tall, 而建筑物的高用high,并且enough修饰形容词要放在形容词后面。因此该题选B。

例2 ____ the worse I seem to be.

A When I take more medicine

B The more medicine I take

C Taking more of the medicine

D More medicine taken

解析:该题正确答案为B。"the+形容词比较级+… , the +形容词比较级+…"意为越…,越…。该句意为:吃的药越多,我的病越是加重。

例3"I haven't been to London yet".

"I haven't been there ____".

A too  B also  C either  D neither

解析:该题正确答案为C。A和B都用于肯定句中。D-neither本身意为否定"两者都不",而C-either则用于否定句中,意为"也"。

例4 Mr Smith was ____ moved at the news.

A deep  B deeply  C very deep  D quite deeply

解析:该题正确答案为B。A. deep用于副词时,修饰具体的深,如dig deep,而B-deeply则修饰表示感情色彩的词,如该题为deeply moved.另如deeply regret等。而D-quite和deeply均为副词,不能互相修饰。

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