People who eat dark chocolate less likely to be depressed
It's an after-dinner treat that many people enjoy indulging in, and now a new study has revealed a link between dark chocolate and mood.
这是许多人喜欢的饭后享受，现在一项新的研究揭示了黑巧克力和情绪之间的联系。
Researchers from UCL have revealed that eating dark chocolate can actually help to relieve depressive symptoms.
伦敦大学学院的研究人员发现，吃黑巧克力实际上有助于缓解抑郁症状。
In the study, the team looked at data from 13,626 adults, including their chocolate consumption, depressive symptoms, and a range of other factors including their height, physical activity and any other chronic health problems.
在这项研究中，研究团队查看了13626名成年人的数据，包括他们的巧克力摄入量、抑郁症状，以及一系列其他因素，包括他们的身高、体力活动和任何其他慢性健康问题。
The analysis of the data revealed that participants who reported eating dark chocolate in two 24-hour periods had 70% lower odds of reporting depressive symptoms than those who didn't eat chocolate at all.
对数据的分析显示，报告在两个24小时内吃黑巧克力的参与者比完全不吃巧克力的参与者报告抑郁症状的几率低70%。
Dr Sarah Jackson, who led the study, said: "This study provides some evidence that consumption of chocolate, particularly dark chocolate, may be associated with reduced odds of clinically relevant depressive symptoms."
领导这项研究的莎拉·杰克逊博士说：“这项研究提供了一些证据，表明食用巧克力，尤其是黑巧克力，可能与降低临床相关抑郁症状的几率有关。”
However further research is required to clarify the direction of causation — it could be the case that depression causes people to lose their interest in eating chocolate,
然而，需要进一步的研究来阐明因果关系的方向——抑郁症可能会导致人们对吃巧克力失去兴趣，
or there could be other factors that make people both less likely to eat dark chocolate and to be depressed.
或者还有其他因素使人们不太可能吃黑巧克力，也不太可能抑郁。
"Should a causal relationship demonstrating a protective effect of chocolate consumption on depressive symptoms be established,
“如果证明食用巧克力对抑郁症状有保护作用的因果关系成立，
the biological mechanism needs to be understood to determine the type and amount of chocolate consumption for optimal depression prevention and management."
需要了解生物学机制，以确定巧克力消费的类型和数量，从而实现抑郁症的最佳预防和管理。"
Several previous studies have shown chocolate to have mood-enhancing properties, although the reason for this remains unclear.
此前的几项研究表明，巧克力具有增强情绪的特性，尽管其原因尚不清楚。
Chocolate contains a number of psychoactive ingredients that produce a feeling of euphoria, similar to the effects of cannabis.
巧克力含有大量能产生愉悦感的精神活性成分，类似于大麻的效果。
It also contains phenylethylamine, a chemical which is believed to be important for regulating people's moods.
它还含有苯乙胺，一种被认为对调节人们情绪很重要的化学物质。
However, other studies have shown that chocolate only boosts your mood when it is pleasant to eat, indicating that the experience of enjoying chocolate is also an important factor.
然而，其他研究表明，巧克力只有在吃起来舒服时才会提升你的情绪，这表明享受巧克力的体验也是一个重要因素。
In particular, dark chocolate has a higher concentration of flavonoids — antioxidant chemicals with a range of anti-inflammatory effects.
特别是，黑巧克力含有更高浓度的类黄酮——具有一系列抗炎作用的抗氧化化学物质。
Flavonoids have also been shown to play a role in delaying the onset of depression.
黄酮类化合物也被证明在延缓抑郁症的发病中起作用
Obese people eat more food because it simply tastes better, a new study has found.
一项新的研究发现，肥胖的人吃更多的食物只是因为味道更好。
Obese people enjoy the taste of food more
Researchers at the University of Iowa gave chocolate to a group of obese and non-obese women and found that as the obese group kept eating the food continued to taste almost as good to them as the first bite.
爱荷华州大学的研究人员给一组肥胖和非肥胖的女性吃巧克力，发现随着肥胖组继续吃巧克力，这些食物对她们来说仍然像第一口一样美味。
The findings suggest that understanding taste perceptions may be crucial to preventing obesity when combined with targeting nutritional awareness.
研究结果表明，了解味觉对于预防肥胖和提高营养意识是至关重要的。
"If people with obesity have different taste perceptions than non-obese people, it could lead to better understanding of obesity," lead investigator Linnea Polgreen noted, according to News Medical.
据《新闻医学》报道，首席研究员林娜·波尔格林指出：“如果肥胖者的味觉感知与非肥胖者不同，这将有助于更好地理解肥胖。”。
More than 300 participants — 161 with a normal body mass index, 78 overweight and 51 obese — were given pieces of chocolate one at a time and were asked to rate how tasty each one was after eating it.
超过300名参与者——161名体重指数正常、78名超重和51名肥胖者——一次吃一块巧克力，并被要求评价每一块巧克力的美味程度。
Obese women needed to eat 12.5 pieces of chocolate to feel the same level of foodie pleasure reached by non-obese women at 10 pieces, the study published in the Journal of the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics Monday found.
周一发表在《营养与营养学学会期刊》上的这项研究发现，肥胖女性需要吃12.5块巧克力，才能感受到与非肥胖女性10块巧克力时相同的美食家快感。
"This may, in part, explain why obese people consume more than non-obese people," co-investigator Aaron Miller added.
“这可能在一定程度上解释了为什么肥胖者比非肥胖者吃得更多，”联合研究员亚伦·米勒补充道。
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