Question：今天还讲现在完成时吗？
Answer：不全是，不过还是和现在完成时有关的。今天讲讲现在完成时和一般过去时的区别。
一般过去时：He came；还是现在完成时：He’s come.
I. 一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
Reading:
Jenny Price is 16. She lives with her mother in Sidmouth. It’s 6 p.m. on Thursday evening and everyone’s asking: ' Where’s Jenny?’ She left school at 4 o’clock, but she hasn’t phoned her mother. She hasn’t left a note. None of her friends have seen her since 4 o’clock. She’s disappeared. What happened before 4 o’clock this afternoon? Jenny was at school all day. She didn’t go straight home after school. At five past four she bought some sweets at the corner shop. Then she said goodbye to her friends.
1. 一般过去时指过去某一特定时间发生的动作或状态，且现在已完成。
She left school at 4 o’clock.
（这是一个在过去某一特定时间发生且已完成的动作。）
Jenny was at school all day.
（她现在不在学校，因为已经放学。）
2. 现在完成时指过去的动作对现在的造成的结果和影响，或在说话时该动作尚未完成。
She hasn’t come home.（她现在不在家）
She’s disappeared. （她不见了，现在的情景）
小练习I. 选择正确答案：
1 I (leave) school in 1994.A .I leftB. I’ve left
2 What (you do) after that? A. did you doB. have you done
3 I (travel) round the world for a year.A. I’ve travelledB. I travelled
4 When (you come) home?A. have you comeB. did you come
5 I (come) home six months ago.A I came B I’ve come
6 What(you do) since then?A did you doB have you done?
7 I (do) lots of different jobsA I’ve doneB I did
8 But I (not have) a job for a month nowA haven’t hadB didn’t have
II. 常与一般过去时连用的时间状语
Reading：
Jenny’s parents came to live in Sidmouth 18 years ago. Jenny was born two years later. Her father left home when Jenny was twelve. He went to live with another woman. For the next two years Jenny’s mother was very poor. Then Jenny’s grandfather died and left them a lot of money. They bought a new house. It was Jenny’s 16th birthday last Tuesday. Her GCSE exams started yesterday.
1 一般过去时的常和表过去的时间状语连用。
Jenny’s parents came to Sidmouth 18 years ago.
Her father left home when Jenny was twelve.
For the next two years Jenny’s mother was very poor.
Her GCSE exams started yesterday.
一般过去时常和疑问词when 连用。
When did Jenny’s father leave home(一般过去时)
NOT When has Jenny’s father left home? (现在完成时)
2 如果动作发生的时间由上下文表达，一般过去时也可以不带时间状语。
He went to live with another woman. （这表示他离开家后立刻发生的事）
They bought a new house. （这是他祖父死后不久发生的事）
小练习II.：下列句中哪部分可用 When提问？
1 Jenny’s parents moved to Sidmouth when they got married.
2 They were happy at first.
3 Her father lost his job in 1990.
4 Jenny met her first boyfriend last week.
III. 常与现在完成时连用的时间状语
Reading：
It’s now 24 hours after Jenny’s disappearance. Detective inspector Green has come to Sidmouth to investigate. There’s been no news of Jenny today. Her mother hasn’t seen her since yesterday morning. Inspector Green has already spoken to her mother. He’s just checked all the local hospitals. But he hasn’t spoken to Jenny’s teachers yet. They’ve known Jenny for five years. The inspector still hasn’t discovered why Jenny has disappeared.
下面的是一些最常见的和现在完成时连用的时间状语：
todaythis morning, week ect. juststillyetalready recentlysince
There’s been no news of Jenny today.
Her mother hasn’t seen her since yesterday morning.
Inspector Green has already spoken to her mother.
小练习III：下列句子中哪些词常与现在完成时连用？
1 He’s just checked all the local hospital.
2 He hasn’t spoken to Jenny’s teachers yet.
3 He still hasn’t discovered why Jenny has disappeared.
IV. 与一般过去时和现在完成时连用的时间状语
Reading：
Inspector green went to Jenny’s home. He was there for an hour. Now he’s at her school he’s been there for two hours. Jenny’s headteacher introduced him: 'The police have come to school this morning to ask you about Jenny Price.’ After school, one of the students told his parents: 'The police came to school this morning. They think Jenny Price has been kidnapped.’
1. 有些时间状语可以和一般过去时连用，也可以和现在完成时连用：
如for two hours this morning 等。
一般过去时：He was at Jenny’s home for an hour.
（他持续一个小时的拜访现在结束了）
现在完成时：He’s been at the school for two hours.
（他对学校的访问没有结束，两个小时后他还在那儿）
现在完成时： 'The police have come to school this morning to ask you about Jenny Price.’（讲话时还在这个早晨）
一般过去时：The police came to school this morning. （可能现在是晚上）
2 下列词和词组可以和一般过去时连用也可以现在完成时连用。
all morning, all afternoon, all evening, all year, all his life, this afternoon, this evening, this year, today, tonight, for two hours, for three weeks, for ten years ...
小练习IV： 回答问题
1 Jenny’s mother didn’t sleep all night; she was so worried. Is the night finished now?
2 She slept for an hour this morning. Is it the morning now?
3 She has waited by the telephone all day. Is it still today?
4 'I haven’t seen the newspaper this evening. Is there any news of Jenny? Is it the evening now?’
上期答案：
I 1. 1) Where’s Sally been? 2) Where’s Sally gone?
2. 1) has she written 2) has she phoned
II. 1 the first time she’s eaten it.
2 the best meat she’s ever tasted.
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