非谓语动词（3）

Question：老师，这样一步一步地学是很好的。You make me laugh.和I want you to listen.这样的句式中用不用to,我分不清楚。

Answer：好的，今天学习非谓语动词（3）动词+宾语+不定式， 学完之后，你就知道他们的不同了。

非谓语动词（3）动词+宾语+不定式

I want you to listen.

You make me laugh.

Reading：

“I’d like you to learn to steal something.” The older thief said to the younger one. They came to a house and dug a hole in the wall of the house. The younger one was encouraged to crawl into the house while the other waited outside.

There lived many mice in the house. The woman in the moon-light watched a mouse crawl into the house. “Look! In comes one,” she said to the man in the house. The thief was so frightened that he hurriedly crawled out of the house and said to the older one waiting outside:

“She found me when I was just in.” But the older thief outside didn’t believe him and so he said, “I’ll teach you how to steal. Let us two try to crawl into the house together.” At that time two mice happened to crawl into the house, too. The woman saw the mice come in and shouted, “In come two. Catch them! I tell you to catch them! ” The two thieves were terribly frightened. The man in the house said, “You saw them come in but where are they? I will catch them tonight.” The two thieves started running away at once.

The two thieves wanted to make it clear whether they had been found or not the night before. The next day they acted as men selling sweet potatoes and came before the house. They got people to buy their sweet potatoes. The man and the woman were ploughing in their fields. The rein broke and the man had the woman go home for a rope. She saw two men selling sweet potatoes and wanted to buy some. She picked out two which looked like mice. At the time the man couldn’t wait for her any longer in the fields and he ran back from the fields to hurry her up. The women showed the sweet potatoes to the man, “How they look like the two of the last night!” The man said, “I asked you to fetch a rope. I told you not to delay. Why don’t you hurry for it?” Their words made the two thieves feel guilty. They ran away very quickly without their sweet potatoes.

I.动词+ 宾语（名词或代词）+ 带to 的不定式

1.下列动词用动词+ 宾语（名词或代词）+ 带to 的不定式表示人们说的或做的对别人的影响：

Advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, compel, encourage,expect, forbid, force, get, instruct, oblige, order, persuade, recommend, remind, request, teach, tell, warn

动词 + 宾语     + 不定式

The older thief encouraged the young one to crawl into the house.

I tell       you      to catch them.

I asked     you      to fetch a rope.

2.这些动词后面用带to 的不定式（否定式not to）：

I tell you not to delay.

3.在动词teach 后常用how+ 不定式：

I’ll teach you how to steal.

4.动词 get 常有说服之意：

They got people to buy them.(= They persuaded people to buy them.)

5.许多这类动词都可以用于间接引语中。

II.Make, have和let + 不带to 的不定式

1.这类句式结构为：

Make/have/let + 宾语  + 不带to 的不定式

Let us two   try to crawl into the house tonight.

The man had the woman go home for a rope.

2.have 让某人（别人）做某事（order or arrange）

The man had the woman go home for a rope.

注： have...doing 表示使一种状态延续：

Don’t have the horse running all the time.

3.make 有两层意思：force 和 cause

Their words made the two thieves feel guilty.(= Their words caused them to...)

They make me do a lot of homework.(They force me to...)

4.make 意思是cause to be 时后可接形容词：

They make me so angry.

如果宾语较长，可以用形式宾语it 句式：

The two thieves wanted to make it clear whether they had been found or not the night before.

5.make用作被动结构时，后接带to 的不定式;

The two thieves were made to feel guilty.

let 不用于被动结构， 表被动用 allow+ 带to 的不定式：

Her friends are allowed to do what they like.

have (在这个意义上) 不用于被动结构

III.See, watch, hear 等表示看、听等的词后面接不带to 的不定式， 表示看到或听到某人做某事的全过程：

The woman in the moonlight watched a mouse crawl into the house.

The woman saw the mice come in.

You saw them come in but where are they?

用做被动结构时， 接带to 的不定式：

I watched her enter the room.（主动）

She was watched to enter the room.（被动）

注： see(watch,hear...等)...doing 表示看到或听到某人正在做某事：

She saw two men selling sweet potatoes.

小练习：用带to 或不带 to的动词不定式完成句子：

1.The older thief encouraged the young one______( crawl) into the house.

2.The man had the woman ________(go) home for a rope.

3.Their words made the two thieves ________(feel) guilty.

4.The woman in the moonlight watched a mouse_________(crawl)  into the house.

上期答案：

1.Dan’s brother John offered to go instead.

2. The captain (had) managed to send out a message.

3. John did not know how to use the radio.