以下段落全部选自经济学人。
1. Candid [ˈkændɪd] 诚实的；正直的；坦率的。源自印欧语词根-kand，意思是光泽、发光。同根词包括：candela; candelabrum; candescent; candid; candidate; candle; candor; chandelier; chandler; frankincense; incandescence; incandescent; incendiary; incense，意思分别是：
candela; candelabrum; candescent; candid; candidate;
坎德拉（光亮度单位）；烛台；白热的；坦率；候选人；
candle; candor; chandelier; chandler; frankincense;
蜡烛；坦率；吊灯；日常用品经销商；乳香；
incandescence; incandescent; incendiary; incense
炽热；炽热发光的；燃烧弹；熏香。
(经济学人段落) In time, such projects may play a role in cleaning
up the climatic mess that the oil industry has had a hand in creating. For now
they remain a sideshow and, in the candid words of one American oil boss, “provide cover” for investors who need to
genuflect to ESG activists. Indeed, both the shareholders and managers of
America’s oil companies have a clear primary objective—to milk the high oil
prices without succumbing to capital indiscipline that has often followed
spells of pricey crude.
假以时日，这些项目可能会有助于清理石油行业参与造成的气候混乱。但目前仍然是小小插曲。一位美国石油老板坦率表示，这些项目为需要向ESG活动人士屈服的投资者“提供了掩护”。事实上，美国石油公司的股东和经理们都有一个明确的首要目标——从高油价中榨取利润，而不屈服于高油价带来的资本失控。
Genuflect 单膝下跪，屈服。Genu源自-gon，意思是角度、膝盖，和pentagon五角大楼同根。-flect表示弯曲、弯折，如reflect表示反射。
2. Thaw n.解冻。这个词来自日耳曼语，和古梵语、古北欧语有诸多联系，本义是冰雪融化的过程。
(经济学人段落) A QUARTER OF the northern hemisphere’s land is
covered by permafrost, defined as ground that remains at or below 0°C for at
least two years in succession. Most of this is above the Arctic Circle, a part
of the world that is warming at a rate double the global average, with
significant consequences for the rest of the planet. Arctic permafrost is
thought to contain some 1.7trn tonnes of carbon, most of it in frozen organic
matter. That is double the amount of the stuff currently residing in the
atmosphere. Rising temperatures mean that much of this material may turn into
carbon dioxide and methane as the ground thaws and micro-organisms get to work. That will drive further warming, causing a
feedback loop of more melting and yet more greenhouse-gas emission.
北半球四分之一的土地被永久冻土覆盖，永久冻土是指至少连续两年保持在零摄氏度或以下的地面。永久冻土大部分位于北极圈之上。北极圈是全球变暖速度的两倍，对地球其他地区产生了重大影响。据了解，北极永久冻土含有约1.7万亿吨碳，其中大部分是冻结的有机物质，这是目前存在于大气中的碳物质数量的两倍。气温上升意味着随着地面解冻和微生物开始分解，大部分冻结的有机物质可能会转化为二氧化碳和甲烷。这将推动进一步全球变暖，导致更多永久冻土融化和更多温室气体排放，如此反馈循环。
3. gist n.要点, 要旨, 依据, [法律]诉讼主因。源自原始印欧语词根*ye，意思是投掷，推动。同根词有abject; abjection; adjacence; adjacent; adjective; aphetic; catheter; circumjacent; conjecture; deject; ease; ejaculate; eject; enema; gist; ictus......
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