新加坡国花--卓锦万代兰
摄影/ 夏花于新加坡万里胡姬园、国家胡姬园
花朵中间的鄂柱,雌雄合体,象征幸福的根源花由下面相对的裂片拱扶着,象征着和谐,同甘苦、共荣辱花的唇片后方有一个袋形角,内有甜蜜汁,象征财富汇流聚集的处所把恋柱上的花粉盖揭开,里面有两个花块,像两只“金眼”,象征着高瞻远瞩。它的茎向上攀援,象征向上发达、兴旺。它的花一朵谢落,一朵又开,象征新加坡国家民族的命脉,源远流长,具有无穷的信心和希望。新加坡人喜爱兰花,更偏爱卓锦·万代兰,还因为在最恶劣的条件下,也能争芳吐艳,象征着民族的刻苦耐劳,勇敢奋斗精神。
Vanda Miss Joaquim was chosen as Singapore's national flower in 1981. The designation of a national flower was part of an overall effort to foster national pride and identity.
Singapore has the unique distinction of being the only nation to have a hybrid as its national flower.
The choice of an orchid as Singapore's national flower is most appropriate because orchids have long been identified with Singapore.
And no orchid is more worthy of being Singapore's national flower than Vanda Miss Joaquim as it is the first registered plant hybrid from Singapore.
This orchid, a hybrid between Vanda hookeriana and Vanda teres is hardy and free flowering. It was described by the first director of the Singapore Botanic Gardens Mr H.N. Ridley in 1893, who named it after Agnes Joaquim. Ridley wrote that the plant was the results of a cross made by Miss Joaquim.
A strong inflorescence of Vanda Miss Joaquim may carry up to 12 buds, usually with four flowers open at a time. Each flower is about 5 cm across and 6 cm tall, and as is the case with its parents, the petals are twisted around so that the back surface faces front. The two petals and the top sepal are rosy-violet, and the lateral sepals are a pale mauve. The lip is very large and broad and the middle lobe extends out loke a fan. It is coloured violet- rose, merging into a contrasting fiery orange at the centre. Over the orange patch, the lip is finely spotted with dark purple. It is free-flowering.
Vanda Miss Joaquim requires full sunlight, free air movement, high humidity and heavy fertilising to achieve optimum growth and flowering. It needs support to grow straight and tall but it flowers only when the top of its stem rises above the support. It is a robust, sun loving plant with slender stems best grown in beds against post supports.
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