举例分析：
首先是一段例子：
Test.m2v
00 00 01 B3 08 00 80 23 00 FA 20 30 00 00 01 B5
根据13813-2 Table 6-1 Start code values: 00 00 01 B3 为sequence_header_code.根据6.2.2节（附）
horizontal_size_value(12 bits)：08 0 = 128
vertical_size_value(12 bits)：0 80 = 128
aspect_ratio_information(4 bits) = 2
frame_rate_code (4 bits) = 3
bit_rate_value（18 bits） = 00 FA 2>>2 = 0000 0000 1111 1010 00 = 1000
marker_bit(1 bit) = 1
vbv_buffer_size_value(10 bits) = 0 0000 0011 0 = 6
constrained_parameters_flag(1 bit) = 0
load_intra_quantiser_matrix( 1bit) = 0
load_non_intra_quantiser_matrix(1bit) = 0
00 00 01 b5 extension_start_code
14 82 00 01 00 00 00 00 01 B5 23 05 05 05 02 02
04 00 00 00 00 01 B2
extension_start_code_identifier(4 bits) = 1
profile_and_level_indication(8 bit) = 48
progressive_sequence( 1 bit) = 0
chroma_format(2 bits) = 01
horizontal_size_extension(2bit) = 0
vertical_size_extension(2 bit) = 0
bit_rate_extension(12 bit) = 0 0000 0000 000
marker_bit(1 bit) = 1
vbv_buffer_size_extension(8 bits) = 00
low_delay(1 bit) = 0
frame_rate_extension_n(2 bit) = 00
frame_rate_extension_d(5 bit) = 00000
接着，下组是Extension and user data ，00 00 01 B5 extension_start_code，所以接下来是extension_data( i )，
extension_start_code_identifier（4bit） = 2, Sequence Display Extension ID
video_format((3 bit) = 001
colour_description(1bit)=1
colour_primaries(8) = 05
transfer_characteristics(8)=05
matrix_coefficients(8) = 05
display_horizontal_size(14) = 0000 0010 0000 00
marker_bit(1 bit) = 1
display_vertical_size(14) = 0 0000 0100 0000 0
还剩余了3bit 000
接下来是00 00 01 b2 user_data_start_code，user_data()，我们忽略它，因为他是用户自定义的。
00 00 01 B2 4D 50 45 47 2D32 20 56 65 72
69 66 69 63 61 74 69 6F5E20 53 65 71 75 65 6E
63 65 0A 00 00 01 B8
00 00 01 B8 ，group_start_code, group_of_pictures_header
00 00 01 B8 5FBF 6C 40
time_code(25): 0101 1111 1011 1111 0110 1100 0 = 49022
closed_gop(1): 1
broken_link(1):0
剩余5bit 0 0000
00 00 01 00 00
0A 58 58 00 00 01 B5
00 00 01 00, picture_start_code, picture_header
temporal_reference(10): 0000 0000 00
picture_coding_type(3): 00 1
vbv_delay(16):001 1000 1001 1
extra_bit_picture(1):0
00 00 01 B5 8F FF F7 CC 00 00 00 01 01
00 00 01 B5: extension_start_code，所以接下来是extension_data( i )，
extension_start_code_identifier（4bit） = 8, Picture Coding Extension ID,6.2.3.1节
f_code[0][0] /* forward horizontal */(4): F
f_code[0][1] /* forward vertical */(4):F
f_code[1][0] /* backward horizontal */(4):F
f_code[1][1] /* backward vertical */(4):F
intra_dc_precision(2): 01
picture_structure(2): 11
top_field_first(1):1
frame_pred_frame_dct(1):1
concealment_motion_vectors(1):0
q_scale_type(1):0
intra_vlc_format:(1):1
alternate_scan(1);1
repeat_first_field(1):0
chroma_420_type(1):0
progressive_frame(1);0
composite_display_flag(1):0
所以接下来将是picture_data,即是很多slice
00 00 01 01: slice_start_code，
Sequence header中horizontal_size_value 和Sequence header extention中的horizontal_size 组成了horizontal_size。
53 D0 54 90 F1 E7 21 48 18 A0 3C24 B6 F3 4A D2
quantiser_scale_code(5): 0101 0 = 10
extra_bit_slice /* with the value “0” */ (1):0
接下来就是macroblock()了。
macroblock_address_increment(1-11) — This is a variable length coded integer coded as per Annex B Table B-1,
查表得：macroblock_address_increment = 1
macroblock_modes()：table 6.2.51.
macroblock_type(1-9): Tables B-2 through B-8, selected by picture_coding_type and scalable_mode.
1 1101 0000
查表得：macroblock_type = 1,I picture,no scale
macroblock_quant = 0
macroblock_motion_forward = 0
macroblock_motion_backward = 0
macroblock_pattern = 0
macroblock_intra = 1
spatial_temporal_weight_code_flag = 0
permitted spatial_temporal_weight_classes:0 ,Intra
所以没有其他结构，block_count = Table 6-20(并根据chroma_format’10’ = ‘4:2:0‘ see Table 6-5 8-5) 全是block = 6。
VLC见7.2节：
对于前4个blcok，cc = 0.cc = 0，使用B-12,cc!=0,使用B13
First DCT coefficient(3-24)即是DC系数，根据B-12,B13.
First DCT coefficient = 110, dct_dc_size_luminance = 4,所以dct_dc_differential(=4bit)
dct_dc_differential = 1 000
pattern_code[i] = 1 默认?
First DCT coefficient应该 = 预测值+differential，预测值初始化0,然后[i]的预测值变为1000 = 8, intra_dc_precision((picture_coding_extension) = 01, 所以Precision (bits) = 9， 由7.4.1得
First DCT coefficient = 8*4 = 32。
然后是接下来的AC系数。
53 D0 54 90 F1 E7 21
48 18 A0 3C 24
B6 F3 4A D2
0 0101 0100 1001 0000 1111 0001 1110 0111 0010 0001
0100 1000 0001 0100 1010 0000 0011 1100 0010 0100
1011 0110 1111 0011 0100 1010 1101 0010
根据b-14,B-15得：
AC：intra_vlc_format (picture_coding_extension) = 1,macroblock_intra = 1,所以使用B-15
quantiser_scale_code (slice header)= 10, q_scale_type(picture_coding_extension) = 0, quantiser_scale[q_scale_type] = 20.根据7.4.2.3 intra_block,加权系数根据6.2.3.2决定,或6.3.11有个默认矩阵。矩阵z字型对应alternate_scan(picturecodeing_extension)决定。
val = val * quantiser_scale[q_scale_type] * w[]/16;
00101: run 2 level 1 len5,run代表0的个数。,AC[1] = 0,AC[2] = 0
0：signed,所以AC[3] = 1 计算= 1* 20* 22/16 = 27
10:run 0 level 1 len 2,
0:signed,AC[4]=1 计算 =1*20*16/16 = 20
0 1001
。。。。。。。
最后得到一个block:
32 20 23 27 32 -33 0 0
0 20 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 36 0 0 0
27 0 0 33 0 0 0 0
-27 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 -33 36 0 87 0 -60 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
根据alter的z-zig的排列，dc = 32, ac[1] = 0,ac[2] = 0,ac[3] = 27,ac[4] = 20,……图II2-7.3
然后经过IDCT:
38 4 -35 7 28 -15 -9 18
…….
然后把所有变成一个范围内的Clip.
把所有的block到结束时，就行成了一个完整的Frame.
附录，主要
Table 6-1 — Start code values
Name
start code value
(hexadecimal)
picture_start_code
00
Slice_start_code
01 through AF
Reserved
B0
Reserved
B1
User_data_start_code
B2
sequence_header_code
B3
sequence_error_code
B4
extension_start_code
B5
Reserved
B6
Sequence_end_code
B7
group_start_code
B8
system start codes (see note)
B9 through FF
NOTE - system start codes are defined in Part 1 of this specification
6.2.2节：
video_sequence() {
next_start_code()
sequence_header()
if ( nextbits() == extension_start_code ) {
sequence_extension()
do {
extension_and_user_data( 0 )
do {
if (nextbits() == group_start_code) {
group_of_pictures_header()
Extension_and_user_data( 1 )
}
picture_header()
picture_coding_extension()
extensions_and_user_data( 2 )
picture_data()
} while ( (nextbits() == picture_start_code) ||
(nextbits() == group_start_code) )
if ( nextbits() != sequence_end_code ) {
sequence_header()
sequence_extension()
}
} while ( nextbits() != sequence_end_code )
} else {
/* ISO/IEC 11172-2 */
}
sequence_end_code
}
6.2.2.1 Sequence header
sequence_header() {
No. of bits
Mnemonic
sequence_header_code
32
bslbf
horizontal_size_value
12
uimsbf
vertical_size_value
12
uimsbf
aspect_ratio_information
4
uimsbf
frame_rate_code
4
uimsbf
bit_rate_value
18
uimsbf
marker_bit
1
bslbf
vbv_buffer_size_value
10
uimsbf
constrained_parameters_flag
1
load_intra_quantiser_matrix
1
if ( load_intra_quantiser_matrix )
intra_quantiser_matrix[64]
8*64
uimsbf
load_non_intra_quantiser_matrix
1
if ( load_non_intra_quantiser_matrix )
non_intra_quantiser_matrix[64]
8*64
uimsbf
next_start_code()
}
6.2.2.3 Sequence extension
sequence_extension() {
No. of bits
Mnemonic
extension_start_code
32
bslbf
extension_start_code_identifier
4
uimsbf
profile_and_level_indication
8
uimsbf
progressive_sequence
1
uimsbf
chroma_format
2
uimsbf
horizontal_size_extension
2
uimsbf
vertical_size_extension
2
uimsbf
bit_rate_extension
12
uimsbf
marker_bit
1
bslbf
vbv_buffer_size_extension
8
uimsbf
low_delay
1
uimsbf
frame_rate_extension_n
2
uimsbf
frame_rate_extension_d
5
uimsbf
next_start_code()
}
6.2.2.2 Extension and user data
extension_and_user_data( i ) {
No. of bits
Mnemonic
while ( ( ( i != 1) && ( nextbits()== extension_start_code ) ) ||
( nextbits()== user_data_start_code ) ) {
if ( nextbits()== extension_start_code )
extension_data( i )
if ( nextbits()== user_data_start_code )
user_data()
}
}
Table 6-2. extension_start_code_identifier codes.
extension_start_code_identifier
Name
0000
reserved
0001
Sequence Extension ID
0010
Sequence Display Extension ID
0011
Quant Matrix Extension ID
0100
Copyright Extension ID
0101
Sequence Scalable Extension ID
0110
reserved
0111
Picture Display Extension ID
1000
Picture Coding Extension ID
1001
Picture Spatial Scalable Extension ID
1010
Picture Temporal Scalable Extension ID
1011
reserved
1100
reserved
...
...
1111
reserved
6.2.2.4 Sequence display extension
sequence_display_extension() {
No. of bits
Mnemonic
extension_start_code_identifier
4
uimsbf
video_format
3
uimsbf
colour_description
1
uimsbf
if ( colour_description ) {
colour_primaries
8
uimsbf
transfer_characteristics
8
uimsbf
matrix_coefficients
8
uimsbf
}
display_horizontal_size
14
uimsbf
marker_bit
1
bslbf
display_vertical_size
14
uimsbf
next_start_code()
}
6.2.2.2.2 User data
user_data() {
No. of bits
Mnemonic
user_data_start_code
32
bslbf
while( nextbits() != ‘0000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0001’ ) {
user_data
8
}
next_start_code()
}
6.2.2.6 Group of pictures header
group_of_pictures_header() {
No. of bits
Mnemonic
group_start_code
32
bslbf
time_code
25
bslbf
closed_gop
1
uimsbf
broken_link
1
uimsbf
next_start_code()
}
6.2.3 Picture header
picture_header() {
No. of bits
Mnemonic
picture_start_code
32
bslbf
temporal_reference
10
uimsbf
picture_coding_type
3
uimsbf
vbv_delay
16
uimsbf
if ( picture_coding_type == 2 || picture_coding_type == 3) {
full_pel_forward_vector
1
forward_f_code
3
uimsbf
}
if ( picture_coding_type == 3 ) {
full_pel_backward_vector
1
backward_f_code
3
uimsbf
}
while ( nextbits() == '1' ) {
extra_bit_picture /* with the value “1” */
1
uimsbf
extra_information_picture
8
}
extra_bit_picture /* with the value “0” */
1
uimsbf
next_start_code()
}
6.2.3.1 Picture coding extension
picture_coding_extension() {
No . of bits
Mnemonic
extension_start_code
32
bslbf
extension_start_code_identifier
4
uimsbf
f_code[0][0] /* forward horizontal */
4
uimsbf
f_code[0][1] /* forward vertical */
4
uimsbf
f_code[1][0] /* backward horizontal */
4
uimsbf
f_code[1][1] /* backward vertical */
4
uimsbf
intra_dc_precision
2
uimsbf
picture_structure
2
uimsbf
top_field_first
1
uimsbf
frame_pred_frame_dct
1
uimsbf
concealment_motion_vectors
1
uimsbf
q_scale_type
1
uimsbf
intra_vlc_format
1
uimsbf
alternate_scan
1
uimsbf
repeat_first_field
1
uimsbf
chroma_420_type
1
uimsbf
progressive_frame
1
uimsbf
composite_display_flag
1
uimsbf
if ( composite_display_flag ) {
v_axis
1
uimsbf
field_sequence
3
uimsbf
sub_carrier
1
uimsbf
burst_amplitude
7
uimsbf
sub_carrier_phase
8
uimsbf
}
next_start_code()
}
6.2.3.6 Picture data
picture_data() {
No. of bits
Mnemonic
do {
slice()
} while ( nextbits() == slice_start_code )
next_start_code()
}
6.2.4 Slice
slice() {
No. of bits
Mnemonic
slice_start_code
32
bslbf
if (vertical_size > 2800)
slice_vertical_position_extension
3
uimsbf
if ( <sequence_scalable_extension() is present in the bitstream> )
if (scalable_mode == “data partitioning” )
priority_breakpoint
7
uimsbf
quantiser_scale_code
5
uimsbf
if ( nextbits() == '1' ) {
intra_slice_flag
1
bslbf
intra_slice
1
uimsbf
reserved_bits
7
uimsbf
while ( nextbits() == '1' ) {
extra_bit_slice /* with the value “1” */
1
uimsbf
extra_information_slice
8
}
}
extra_bit_slice /* with the value “0” */
1
Uimsbf
do {
macroblock()
} while ( nextbits() != '000 0000 0000 0000 0000 0000' )
next_start_code()
}
B.1 Macroblock addressing
Table B-1 --- Variable length codes for macroblock_address_increment
macroblock_address_ increment VLC code
increment value
macroblock_address_ increment VLC code
increment value
1
1
0000 0101 01
18
011
2
0000 0101 00
19
010
3
0000 0100 11
20
0011
4
0000 0100 10
21
0010
5
0000 0100 011
22
0001 1
6
0000 0100 010
23
0001 0
7
0000 0100 001
24
0000 111
8
0000 0100 000
25
0000 110
9
0000 0011 111
26
0000 1011
10
0000 0011 110
27
0000 1010
11
0000 0011 101
28
0000 1001
12
0000 0011 100
29
0000 1000
13
0000 0011 011
30
0000 0111
14
0000 0011 010
31
0000 0110
15
0000 0011 001
32
0000 0101 11
16
0000 0011 000
33
0000 0101 10
17
0000 0001 000
macroblock_escape
Note: The “macroblock stuffing” entry that is available in ISO/IEC11172-2 is not available in this specification.
B.2 Macroblock type
The properties of the macroblock are determined by the macroblock type VLC according to these tables.
Table B-2 — Variable length codes for macroblock_type in I-pictures
macroblock_type VLC code
macroblock_quant
macroblock_motion_forward
macroblock_motion_backward
macroblock_pattern
macroblock_intra
spatial_temporal_weight_code_flag
permitted spatial_temporal_weight_classes
Description
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
Intra
0
01
1
0
0
0
1
0
Intra, Quant
0
Table B-3 — Variable length codes for macroblock_type in P-pictures
macroblock_type VLC code
macroblock_quant
macroblock_motion_forward
macroblock_motion_backward
macroblock_pattern
macroblock_intra
spatial_temporal_weight_code_flag
permitted spatial_temporal_weight_classes
Description
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
MC, Coded
0
01
0
0
0
1
0
0
No MC, Coded
0
001
0
1
0
0
0
0
MC, Not Coded
0
0001 1
0
0
0
0
1
0
Intra
0
0001 0
1
1
0
1
0
0
MC, Coded, Quant
0
0000 1
1
0
0
1
0
0
No MC, Coded, Quant
0
0000 01
1
0
0
0
1
0
Intra, Quant
0
Table B-4 — Variable length codes for macroblock_type in B-pictures
macroblock_type VLC code
macroblock_quant
macroblock_motion_forward
macroblock_motion_backward
macroblock_pattern
macroblock_intra
spatial_temporal_weight_code_flag
permitted spatial_temporal_weight_classes
Description
10
0
1
1
0
0
0
Interp, Not Coded
0
11
0
1
1
1
0
0
Interp, Coded
0
010
0
0
1
0
0
0
Bwd, Not Coded
0
011
0
0
1
1
0
0
Bwd, Coded
0
0010
0
1
0
0
0
0
Fwd, Not Coded
0
0011
0
1
0
1
0
0
Fwd, Coded
0
0001 1
0
0
0
0
1
0
Intra
0
0001 0
1
1
1
1
0
0
Interp, Coded, Quant
0
0000 11
1
1
0
1
0
0
Fwd, Coded, Quant
0
0000 10
1
0
1
1
0
0
Bwd, Coded, Quant
0
0000 01
1
0
0
0
1
0
Intra, Quant
0
Table B-5 — Variable length codes for macroblock_type in I-pictures with spatial scalability.
macroblock_type VLC code
macroblock_quant
macroblock_motion_forward
macroblock_motion_backward
macroblock_pattern
macroblock_intra
spatial_temporal_weight_code_flag
permitted spatial_temporal_weight_classes
Description
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
Coded, Compatible
4
01
1
0
0
1
0
0
Coded, Compatible, Quant
4
0011
0
0
0
0
1
0
Intra
0
0010
1
0
0
0
1
0
Intra, Quant
0
0001
0
0
0
0
0
0
Not Coded, Compatible
4
Table B-6 — Variable length codes for macroblock_type in P-pictures with spatial scalability.
macroblock_type VLC code
macroblock_quant
macroblock_motion_forward
macroblock_motion_backward
macroblock_pattern
macroblock_intra
spatial_temporal_weight_code_flag
permitted spatial_temporal_weight_classes
Description
10
0
1
0
1
0
0
MC, Coded
0
011
0
1
0
1
0
1
MC, Coded, Compatible
1,2,3
0000 100
0
0
0
1
0
0
No MC, Coded
0
0001 11
0
0
0
1
0
1
No MC, Coded, Compatible
1,2,3
0010
0
1
0
0
0
0
MC, Not Coded
0
0000 111
0
0
0
0
1
0
Intra
0
0011
0
1
0
0
0
1
MC, Not coded, Compatible
1,2,3
010
1
1
0
1
0
0
MC, Coded, Quant
0
0001 00
1
0
0
1
0
0
No MC, Coded, Quant
0
0000 110
1
0
0
0
1
0
Intra, Quant
0
11
1
1
0
1
0
1
MC, Coded, Compatible, Quant
1,2,3
0001 01
1
0
0
1
0
1
No MC, Coded, Compatible, Quant
1,2,3
0001 10
0
0
0
0
0
1
No MC, Not Coded, Compatible
1,2,3
0000 101
0
0
0
1
0
0
Coded, Compatible
4
0000 010
1
0
0
1
0
0
Coded, Compatible, Quant
4
0000 011
0
0
0
0
0
0
Not Coded, Compatible
4
Table B-7 — Variable length codes for macroblock_type in B-pictures with spatial scalability.
macroblock_type VLC code
macroblock_quant
macroblock_motion_forward
macroblock_motion_backward
macroblock_pattern
macroblock_intra
spatial_temporal_weight_code_flag
permitted spatial_temporal_weight_classes
Description
10
0
1
1
0
0
0
Interp, Not coded
0
11
0
1
1
1
0
0
Interp, Coded
0
010
0
0
1
0
0
0
Back, Not coded
0
011
0
0
1
1
0
0
Back, Coded
0
0010
0
1
0
0
0
0
For, Not coded
0
0011
0
1
0
1
0
0
For, Coded
0
0001 10
0
0
1
0
0
1
Back, Not Coded, Compatible
1,2,3
0001 11
0
0
1
1
0
1
Back, Coded, Compatible
1,2,3
0001 00
0
1
0
0
0
1
For, Not Coded, Compatible
1,2,3
0001 01
0
1
0
1
0
1
For, Coded, Compatible
1,2,3
0000 110
0
0
0
0
1
0
Intra
0
0000 111
1
1
1
1
0
0
Interp, Coded, Quant
0
0000 100
1
1
0
1
0
0
For, Coded, Quant
0
0000 101
1
0
1
1
0
0
Back, Coded, Quant
0
0000 0100
1
0
0
0
1
0
Intra, Quant
0
0000 0101
1
1
0
1
0
1
For, Coded, Compatible, Quant
1,2,3
0000 0110 0
1
0
1
1
0
1
Back, Coded, Compatible, Quant
1,2,3
0000 0111 0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Not Coded, Compatible
4
0000 0110 1
1
0
0
1
0
0
Coded, Compatible, Quant
4
0000 0111 1
0
0
0
1
0
0
Coded, Compatible
4
Table B-8 — Variable length codes for macroblock_type in I-pictures, P-pictures and B-pictures with SNR scalability.
macroblock_type VLC code
macroblock_quant
macroblock_motion_forward
macroblock_motion_backward
macroblock_pattern
macroblock_intra
spatial_temporal_weight_code_flag
permitted spatial_temporal_weight_classes
Description
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
Coded
0
01
1
0
0
1
0
0
Coded, Quant
0
001
0
0
0
0
0
0
Not Coded
0
Note There is no differentiation between picture types, since macroblocks are processed identically in I, P and B-pictures. The "Not coded" type is needed, since skipped macroblocks are not allowed at beginning and end of a slice.
B.3 Macroblock pattern
Table B-9 --- Variable length codes for coded_block_pattern.
coded_block_pattern VLC code
cbp
coded_block_pattern VLC code
cbp
111
60
0001 1100
35
1101
4
0001 1011
13
1100
8
0001 1010
49
1011
16
0001 1001
21
1010
32
0001 1000
41
1001 1
12
0001 0111
14
1001 0
48
0001 0110
50
1000 1
20
0001 0101
22
1000 0
40
0001 0100
42
0111 1
28
0001 0011
15
0111 0
44
0001 0010
51
0110 1
52
0001 0001
23
0110 0
56
0001 0000
43
0101 1
1
0000 1111
25
0101 0
61
0000 1110
37
0100 1
2
0000 1101
26
0100 0
62
0000 1100
38
0011 11
24
0000 1011
29
0011 10
36
0000 1010
45
0011 01
3
0000 1001
53
0011 00
63
0000 1000
57
0010 111
5
0000 0111
30
0010 110
9
0000 0110
46
0010 101
17
0000 0101
54
0010 100
33
0000 0100
58
0010 011
6
0000 0011 1
31
0010 010
10
0000 0011 0
47
0010 001
18
0000 0010 1
55
0010 000
34
0000 0010 0
59
0001 1111
7
0000 0001 1
27
0001 1110
11
0000 0001 0
39
0001 1101
19
0000 0000 1
0 (NOTE)
NOTE — This entry shall not be used with 4:2:0 chrominance structure
6.2.5.1 Macroblock modes
macroblock_modes() {
No. of bits
Mnemonic
macroblock_type
1-9
vlclbf
if ( ( spatial_temporal_weight_code_flag == 1 ) &&
( spatial_temporal_weight_code_table_index != ‘00’) ) {
spatial_temporal_weight_code
2
uimsbf
}
if ( macroblock_motion_forward ||
macroblock_motion_backward ) {
if ( picture_structure == ‘frame’ ) {
if ( frame_pred_frame_dct == 0 )
frame_motion_type
2
uimsbf
} else {
field_motion_type
2
uimsbf
}
}
if ( ( picture_structure == “Frame picture” ) &&
( frame_pred_frame_dct == 0 ) &&
( macroblock_intra || macoblock_pattern) ){
dct_type
1
uimsbf
}
}
block( i ) {
No. of bits
Mnemonic
if ( pattern_code[i] ) {
if ( macroblock_intra ) {
if ( i<4 ) {
dct_dc_size_luminance
2-9
vlclbf
if(dct_dc_size_luminance != 0)
dct_dc_differential
1-11
uimsbf
} else {
dct_dc_size_chrominance
2-10
vlclbf
if(dct_dc_size_chrominance !=0)
dct_dc_differential
1-11
uimsbf
}
} else {
First DCT coefficient
3-24
}
while ( nextbits() != End of block )
Subsequent DCT coefficients
2-24
End of block
2 or 4
vlclbf
}
}
B.3 Macroblock pattern
Table B-9 --- Variable length codes for coded_block_pattern.
coded_block_pattern VLC code
cbp
coded_block_pattern VLC code
cbp
111
60
0001 1100
35
1101
4
0001 1011
13
1100
8
0001 1010
49
1011
16
0001 1001
21
1010
32
0001 1000
41
1001 1
12
0001 0111
14
1001 0
48
0001 0110
50
1000 1
20
0001 0101
22
1000 0
40
0001 0100
42
0111 1
28
0001 0011
15
0111 0
44
0001 0010
51
0110 1
52
0001 0001
23
0110 0
56
0001 0000
43
0101 1
1
0000 1111
25
0101 0
61
0000 1110
37
0100 1
2
0000 1101
26
0100 0
62
0000 1100
38
0011 11
24
0000 1011
29
0011 10
36
0000 1010
45
0011 01
3
0000 1001
53
0011 00
63
0000 1000
57
0010 111
5
0000 0111
30
0010 110
9
0000 0110
46
0010 101
17
0000 0101
54
0010 100
33
0000 0100
58
0010 011
6
0000 0011 1
31
0010 010
10
0000 0011 0
47
0010 001
18
0000 0010 1
55
0010 000
34
0000 0010 0
59
0001 1111
7
0000 0001 1
27
0001 1110
11
0000 0001 0
39
0001 1101
19
0000 0000 1
0 (NOTE)
NOTE — This entry shall not be used with 4:2:0 chrominance structure
Table B-14 --- DCT coefficients Table zero
Variable length code (NOTE1)
run
level
10 (NOTE 2)
End of Block
1 s (NOTE 3)
0
1
11 s (NOTE 4)
0
1
011 s
1
1
0100 s
0
2
0101 s
2
1
0010 1 s
0
3
0011 1 s
3
1
0011 0 s
4
1
0001 10 s
1
2
0001 11 s
5
1
0001 01 s
6
1
0001 00 s
7
1
0000 110 s
0
4
0000 100 s
2
2
0000 111 s
8
1
0000 101 s
9
1
0000 01
Escape
0010 0110 s
0
5
0010 0001 s
0
6
0010 0101 s
1
3
0010 0100 s
3
2
0010 0111 s
10
1
0010 0011 s
11
1
0010 0010 s
12
1
0010 0000 s
13
1
0000 0010 10 s
0
7
0000 0011 00 s
1
4
0000 0010 11 s
2
3
0000 0011 11 s
4
2
0000 0010 01 s
5
2
0000 0011 10 s
14
1
0000 0011 01 s
15
1
0000 0010 00 s
16
1
NOTE1 - The last bit 's' denotes the sign of the level, '0' for positive '1' for negative.
NOTE2 - “End of Block” shall not be the only code of t he block.
NOTE3 - This code shall be used for the first (DC) coefficient in the block
NOTE4 - This code shall be used for all other coefficients
Table B-14 --- DCT coefficients Table zero (continued)
Variable length code (NOTE)
run
level
0000 0001 1101 s
0
8
0000 0001 1000 s
0
9
0000 0001 0011 s
0
10
0000 0001 0000 s
0
11
0000 0001 1011 s
1
5
0000 0001 0100 s
2
4
0000 0001 1100 s
3
3
0000 0001 0010 s
4
3
0000 0001 1110 s
6
2
0000 0001 0101 s
7
2
0000 0001 0001 s
8
2
0000 0001 1111 s
17
1
0000 0001 1010 s
18
1
0000 0001 1001 s
19
1
0000 0001 0111 s
20
1
0000 0001 0110 s
21
1
0000 0000 1101 0 s
0
12
0000 0000 1100 1 s
0
13
0000 0000 1100 0 s
0
14
0000 0000 1011 1 s
0
15
0000 0000 1011 0 s
1
6
0000 0000 1010 1 s
1
7
0000 0000 1010 0 s
2
5
0000 0000 1001 1 s
3
4
0000 0000 1001 0 s
5
3
0000 0000 1000 1 s
9
2
0000 0000 1000 0 s
10
2
0000 0000 1111 1 s
22
1
0000 0000 1111 0 s
23
1
0000 0000 1110 1 s
24
1
0000 0000 1110 0 s
25
1
0000 0000 1101 1 s
26
1
NOTE - The last bit 's' denotes the sign of the level, '0' for positive, '1' for negative.
Table B-14 --- DCT coefficients Table zero (continued)
Variable length code (NOTE)
run
level
0000 0000 0111 11 s
0
16
0000 0000 0111 10 s
0
17
0000 0000 0111 01 s
0
18
0000 0000 0111 00 s
0
19
0000 0000 0110 11 s
0
20
0000 0000 0110 10 s
0
21
0000 0000 0110 01 s
0
22
0000 0000 0110 00 s
0
23
0000 0000 0101 11 s
0
24
0000 0000 0101 10 s
0
25
0000 0000 0101 01 s
0
26
0000 0000 0101 00 s
0
27
0000 0000 0100 11 s
0
28
0000 0000 0100 10 s
0
29
0000 0000 0100 01 s
0
30
0000 0000 0100 00 s
0
31
0000 0000 0011 000 s
0
32
0000 0000 0010 111 s
0
33
0000 0000 0010 110 s
0
34
0000 0000 0010 101 s
0
35
0000 0000 0010 100 s
0
36
0000 0000 0010 011 s
0
37
0000 0000 0010 010 s
0
38
0000 0000 0010 001 s
0
39
0000 0000 0010 000 s
0
40
0000 0000 0011 111 s
1
8
0000 0000 0011 110 s
1
9
0000 0000 0011 101 s
1
10
0000 0000 0011 100 s
1
11
0000 0000 0011 011 s
1
12
0000 0000 0011 010 s
1
13
0000 0000 0011 001 s
1
14
NOTE - The last bit 's' denotes the sign of the level, '0' for positive, '1' for negative.
Table B-14 --- DCT coefficients Table zero (concluded)
Variable length code (NOTE)
run
level
0000 0000 0001 0011 s
1
15
0000 0000 0001 0010 s
1
16
0000 0000 0001 0001 s
1
17
0000 0000 0001 0000 s
1
18
0000 0000 0001 0100 s
6
3
0000 0000 0001 1010 s
11
2
0000 0000 0001 1001 s
12
2
0000 0000 0001 1000 s
13
2
0000 0000 0001 0111 s
14
2
0000 0000 0001 0110 s
15
2
0000 0000 0001 0101 s
16
2
0000 0000 0001 1111 s
27
1
0000 0000 0001 1110 s
28
1
0000 0000 0001 1101 s
29
1
0000 0000 0001 1100 s
30
1
0000 0000 0001 1011 s
31
1
NOTE - The last bit 's' denotes the sign of the level, '0' for positive, '1' for negative.
