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商贸英语口语

1.建立业务关系

1.惯用口语句子:

My main purpose for coming here is to set up business contact with you.
我来这儿的主要目的是想和你们建立业务关系。
purpose n. 目的
contact n. 接触,联系,关系
set up“建立,设立”

I'm here to explore the possibilities of establishing business relationships with you.
我来这里是想探询我们双方建立业务关系的可能性。
explore v. 探究,考察
possibility n. 可能性
establish v. 建立
relationship n. 关系

We'd be pleased to enter into business relationships with your firm.
我们很乐意与你们公司建立业务关系。
We are very willing to establish business relationships with your corporation.
我们非常愿意跟贵公司建立业务关系。
firm n. 公司
corporation n. 公司,企业
enter into business relationships“建立业务关系”
be willing to do sth.“愿意做某事”

I'd like to give you a brief introduction to our company.
= I'd like to explain about the brief history of our company.
我想简要说明一下我们公司的历史。
brief a. 简短的,简要的

I have a feeling that we can do a lot of business in this trade.
我感到我们在这一行业上可以做很多生意。
I feel that we might be able to do a lot of business together.
我觉得我们可能可以一起做很多生意。
trade n. 行业

Your desire coincides with ours.
你们的愿望同我们的愿望非常一致。
We share the same desire.
我们有共同的愿望。
desire n. 愿望
coincide v. 一致,符合

Thank you for your proposal and we hope to work with you to our mutual advantage.
感谢您的建议,期望与您互利合作。
proposal n. 提议,建议
mutual a. 相互的,共同的
advantage n. 利益,好处

2.实用对话

Establishing Business Relationships建立业务关系

John Smith :  Good morning. My name is John Smith. I'm an import manager.
约翰·史密斯:早上好,我叫约翰·史密斯,我是进口部门的一名经理。
Zhou Hong :  How do you do, Mr. Smith? MY name is Zhou Hong.
Here's my card.
周红:您好,史密斯先生!我叫周红。这是我的名片。
John Smith: Nice to meet You, Ms. Zhou. We've learned that you specialize in the export of electronic products.
约翰·史密斯:周女士,很高兴见到您。我们了解到你们公司是专门经营电子产品出口的。
Zhou Hong: Will you please take a seat? Mr. Smith, have you seen the display of our electronic products in the
exhibition hall downstairs?
周红:您请坐,好吗?史密斯先生,您看过楼下展厅里我们展出的电子产品了吗?
John Smith :  Yes. I had a look just now. I found some of the exhibits of excellent quality and beautiful design. I feel we
might be able to do a lot of business together.
约翰·史密斯:看了,刚刚看过。我发现有些展品质量很好,设计也很美观。我觉得我们可能可以一起做很多生意。
Zhou Hong: Sure we can. You know, we've been in this line for
more than twenty years.
周红:当然了。您知道我们在这个行业里已经二十多年了。
John Smith: So, Ms. Zhou, we're a newly-established company, but we have wide connections with wholesalers and
retailers all over America.
约翰·史密斯:周女士,我们是一家新成立的公司,不过我们与全美的批发商和零售商都有着广泛的联系。
Zhou Hong: Good. We can hold more talks later on to iron out the details.
周红:很好。稍后我们再谈谈,解决一些细节问题。
John Smith :  Sure.
约翰·史密斯:行。

3.详细解说

1.“hold talks”的意思是“举行会谈”,为正式用语,例如:The president held talks with Chinese officials.(总统和中国官员举行了会谈。)
2.“later on”意为“稍后,之后”。
3.“iron nut…”表示“解决…(尤指小问题或小困难)”,例如:The problem was ironed out several months ago.(这个问题几个月前就解决了。)

4.文化洗礼

常见的外贸英文缩略词

为了对外贸易的顺利开展,大家需要掌握一些常用的基本词汇,下面先介绍一些外贸中常见的英文缩略词:

2.实地拜访参观

1.惯用口语句子:

I'll show you around and explain the operations as we go along.
我会带您到处看看,给您解释一下我们的操作流程。
I'll take you around the factory and show you our machines in operation.
我会带您参观一下工厂,看看我们运行中的机器。
operation n. 操作,运行
show sb. around“带某人四处走走,到处看看,参观”
go along“前进,进行”

I'll be very happy to answer any of your enquiries.
我很高兴回答您的任何问题。
I'll give you more information later.
呆会儿我会告诉您更多的信息。
enquiry n. 询问,调查,打听(也可写作inquiry)

When was the plant set up?
= When did you establish the factory?
工厂是什么时候建立的?
plant n. 工厂
set up“建立”

How large is the plant?
工厂有多大?
How large an area does this warehouse cover?
仓库占地面积右多大?
warehouse n. 仓库

It covers an area of 75,000 square meters.
它的占地面积有七万五千平方米。
It's total area is 4.000㎡.
它的总面积是四千平方米。
It covers a total area of 5,000㎡.
它的总面积是五千平方米。
cover an area of“占地面积…”

This is one of our five workshops.
这是我们五个车间中的一个。
This is the shop where your engineers are going to be trained.
这就是你们的工程师要来接受培训的那个车间。
workshop n. 车间

I'll take you to the assembly shop.
我带您去看看装配车间。
assembly n.装配,组装

This is the end of our factory tour.
我们的工厂参观到这里就结束了。
This completes our schedule for today.
现在我们完成了今天的行程。
tour
一,旅行.(这里指)参观
complete v. 完成,结束

2.实用对话

visiting the Factory参观工厂

Secretary: Good afternoon, Mr. Yang. I'm Jill, Mr. Smith's secretary. Would you like to look around the factory first?
秘书:杨先生,下午好。我是史密斯先生的秘书,我叫吉尔。您要先参观一下工厂吗?
Visitor: Yes, I would.
来访者:好的。
Secretary: Now this is our office block. We have all the administrative departments here: Sales, Accounting, Personnel,
Market Research and so on.
秘书:这是我们的办公区。我们所有的行政部门都在这里:销售部、会计部、人事部、市场调查部等等。
Visitor:  What's that building opposite us?
来访者:我们对面的那栋楼是做什么用的?
Secretary: That's the warehouse where the larger items of medical instruments are stored. We keep a stock of the fast-
moving items so that urgent orders can be met quickly from stock. ( in the workshop ) This is one of our three workshops.
This is the delivery bay here.
秘书:那是一个用来储存体积比较大的医疗器械的仓库。销售快的我们都有存货,可以快速满足一些比较急的定单。(在车间)这是我们三个车间中的一个。这里是运输部。
Visitor: Oh, I see.
来访者:噢,我明白了。
Secretary: The steel sheets and bars come in, as you see, in different sizes and are unloaded onto the delivery bay here. We
buy them in from a steel works in Wales. This is the new conveyor belt we installed last year. We doubled our output in this
department as a result.
秘书:您看,我们进了不同型号的钢板和钢筋,都卸在这里的运输部。这些都是我们从威尔士的一家钢厂买来的。这是我们去年安装的输送带。这个输送带让这个部门的输送量提高了一倍。
Visitor: Oh, really?
来访者:噢,真的吗?
Secretary: I'll take you to the assembly shop...
秘书:我带您去看看装配车间…

3.详细解说

1.“keep a stock of sth.”表示“有某物的库存,有某物的存货”。
2.“steel works”意为“钢铁厂”,其中的“works”表示“工厂”,例如:the engineering works(机器制造厂)。
3.“assembly shop”意为“装配车间”。另外,“assembly line”表示“装配线”。例如 : He works on the assembly line at the local car factory.
(他在当地的汽车制造厂装配线上工作。)

4.文化洗礼

西方商务餐相关礼仪

无论是亲自到对方工厂实地参观,还是邀请对方来你们的企业参观,通常情况下,都避免不了要共进一两次商务餐。这不仅是商务礼仪的体现,也是生意谈判的需要,因为吃饭聊天不仅可以促进双方的关系,也为生意谈判创造了良好的氛围。下面是一些商务餐相关礼仪方面的注意事项:
邀请与受邀:邀请异性商务伙伴就餐,最好是午餐而不是晚餐。如果对方口头邀请你,你应给予口头答复。如果正式向你发出请帖,你就应书面回复;如需谢绝商务性的邀请,应以业务的理由予以婉拒(如工作太忙、有工作安排等)。不要以私人事务为由予以谢绝,这样会使对方认为你受私人生活的约束而无法将时间倾注在工作上。
餐馆的选择:一定要避免选择有罗曼蒂克氛围的餐馆,最好选择适宜商务会谈的餐馆。
座位:根据礼仪,最舒服的位子总是要留给最重要的客人。如果桌子位于角落里,你的客人的座位就应当背墙,以便他能看到整个大厅或者看到最好的景色。
进餐:在某些西餐馆,餐桌上摆有好几副餐具——用于吃鱼的、吃鸡肉的、吃沙拉的和吃甜食的等。如果你不知道要选用哪一种,那么你就要记住首先要用靠最外边的餐具,最后用最里边的餐具。左手拿又,右手拿刀,食指按在刀背上。不要用刀切面包而要用手掰面包。不要取离你较远的菜,而要取离你最近的菜。
不同的文化差异:西方人与东方人的用餐习惯有很多不同之处,在西方,饭后极少使用牙签。因此,如果你与外国人一道就餐,你就要暂时放弃这个习惯。

3.观看货样展品

1.惯用口语句子:

Would you like to have a look at cur showroom?
您想看一下我们的样品间吗?
Shall I show you a sample of each?
要不要我把每一种样品都拿给您看看?
showroom n. 展示间,样品问
sample n. 样品

Here's our sample room.
= Here's our showroom.
这是我们的样品间。
sample room=showroom“样品间”

All the goods on display are for sale.
所有展品都对外销售。
It's only been on the market for a couple of months.
这种产品才上市两三个月。
on display“展示”
for sale“待售”
a couple of“两三个”

Our commodities are enjoying fast sales.
我们的商品销售很快。
This product enjoys a good fame abroad.
这种产品在国外享有盛誉。
commodity n. 商品
fame n. 声誉,名望

Would you like to step up here for our demonstration?
您要不要走过来看看我们的操作演示?
demonstration n. 演示,示范
step up“走上前来”

We have a very wide selection of hand tools.
我们有很多种手工工具可供选择。
We have a large collection of sample foodstuffs here.
我们有种类丰富的食品样品。
We have a great variety of goods on display.
我们展出的商品种类非常丰富。
selection n. 选择,挑选
collection n. 收集,汇集,集合
foodstuff n. 食品
variety n. 种类,品种
a variety of“各种各样的”
“have a wide selection of sth.”和“have a large collection of sth. “都表示“拥有很多品种的…”。

All the exhibits are fine in quality and beautiful in design.
所有的展品都质量优良、设计精美。
I'm sure you will be very satisfied with the quality and price.
我确信您一定会对产品的质量和价格都非常满意的。
exhibit n. 展品,陈列品

2.实用对话

Visiting the Sample Room参观样品室

Clerk: Here's our sample room.
职员:这是我们的样品室。
Visitor: You've got a large collection of sample foodstuffs here.
参观者:你们这里展出的食品样品种类很丰富。
Clerk: Yes. We are exporting a wide range of foodstuffs to many countries. And the demand is getting greater and greater.
By the way, which items are you interested in?
职员:是的,我们向很多国家出口很多种类的食品,而且需求量越来越大。顺便问一下,您对哪些产品感兴趣?
Visitor: I'm particularly interested in shortbreads. Do you have some samples you could show me?
参观者:我对松脆酥饼很感兴趣。您有样品可以让我看看吗?
Clerk: Yes. This way, please. Our shortbread is in a variety of flavors, such as almond, walnut, lotus seed, etc. And
different packaging has different weights. We can make packages within a reasonable range of any size you require.
职员:有,这边请。我们的松脆酥饼有很多种口味,比如:杏仁味的、核桃味的、莲子味的等等。不同的包装重量也不同。我们可以根据你们的要求在合理的范围内调整一下包装的尺寸。
Visitor: The small sizes are more marketable than the large ones for us. I wonder if Your pastry tastes better.
参观者:对我们来说,小包装比大包装在市场上更好销售。不知道你们的点心味道是不是比市场上的同类产品更好吃?
Clerk: You are welcome to have a try. Here it is. Ours is of prime quality.
职员:欢迎您品尝。给您。我们的糕点质量绝对是一流的。
Visitor: Oh, it's delicious...
参观者:噢,真的很好吃…

3.详细解说

1.“a wide range of...”表示“许多不同的…”,例如:students from a wide range of backgrounds(来自许多不同背景的学生)。
2.“shortbread”是一种由面粉、糖和大量奶油制成的“松脆酥饼”。
3.“a variety of”的意思是“许多种的”,例如:He resigned for a variety of reasons.(他辞职有许多原因。)
4.“weight”的意思是“重量,体重”,例如:Bananas are usually sold by weight.(香蕉通常按重量卖。)Her weight has increased  to 70 kilos.(她的体重已经增加到了70公斤。)其动词形式“weigh”表示“称(…的)重量”,例如:She weighed herself on the
bathroom scales.(她在浴室的秤上称了体重。)

4.文化洗礼

关于产品品质的表达法

无论是去对方企业参观货样展品还是对方来你们的企业参观货样展品,都会就产品的品质进行一番评论或比较。下面,就来看一些有关产品“品质”的英文表达法:
品质优良: The quality is excellent / superior / very good / fine / high / wonderful / supreme.
品质低劣: The  quality  is  bad  /  inferior /  not good  /  poor / imperfect / defective / faulty l second-rate / lower / unsatisfactory.
物品已达标准品质:  An  article  is up to the standard  quality.  / An article is of the same quality as the standard. /An article is equal to the standard quality. /An article is the same as the standard quality.
物品在标准以下:  An article is below the standard.
物品在标准以上:  An article is above the standard.
物品和样品一致:  An article is up to the sample. / An article corresponds with the sample. /An article is equal to the sample.
标准品质:  average quality
We would like to buy 500 tons of average quality com.
我们想购买500吨标准品质的玉米。
一般品质:  customary quality
The goods shipped is of customary quality.
装船的货物属于一般品质。
最佳品质:  best quality / prime quality / first-rate quality
The goods supplied shall only be those of best quality.
供应的货物必须是品质最佳的。

4.询价

1.惯用口语句子:

We are very interested in Chinese carpets. I'd like to make an inquiry.
我们对中国的地毯非常感兴趣,我想就这方面进行询价。
We're quite interested in your carpets. How about your offer?
我们对你们的地毯很感兴趣。你方的报价如何?
inquiry n. 询问,询价(也写作enquiry)
offer n.报价,报盘
make an inquiry“询价”

Will you please send us your price list or catalogue?
请把你们的价格表或目录寄给我们好吗?
Will you please send us your catalogue together with a detailed offer?
请把你们的目录和详细报价寄给我们好吗?
catalogue n. (商品、产品)目录
detailed a. 详细的
price list“价格单”

Could you make offers for the items listed in your catalogue?
您能杷目录中所列产品的价格报给我们吗?
Would you give me an offer for Item No.7?
您能把七号产品的价格报给我吗?
May I have your offer for Model ZX102?
您能把ZX102型的价格报给我吗?
item n. 品目,条目,项目
list n. 罗列,列出行,目录,名单,列表
model n. 型号
make offers“报价”

May I ask the price of this product?
我能问一下这种产品的价格吗?
May I ask the rock-bottom price of this product?
我能问一下这种产品的最低价吗?
rock-bottom a. 最低的,底部的

Could you tell me the unit price of this product?
您能告诉我这个产品的单价是多少吗?
Would you please quote me your lowest prices for the goods?
你能给我报这些商品的最低价格吗?
quote v. 报价 unit price“单价”

Please quote us prices including insurance and freight to Vancouver.
请报包括到温哥华的保险和运费的价格。
Please quote CIF Brussels in U.S. dollars.
请以美元报布鲁塞尔的到岸价。
insurance n. 保险
freight n. 运费,货运
CIF“成本、保险加运费”,俗称“到岸价”,为“cost,insurance,freight”的缩写。

I hope you will make us your best offer CIF New York.
希望您能报给我们纽约到岸价的最优惠价格。
I would like to have your lowest quotations, CIF Vancouver.
希望您报温哥华到岸价的最低价格。

2.实用对话

Making an Inquiry询问价格

Buyer: I was told that your company had been in the furniture industry for many years. What kinds of products do you generally
handle?
买方:有人告诉我你们公司在家具行业做了好多年了。请问,你们公司一般都经营什么样的产品?
Seller: We mostly handle office furniture. We supply first-class furniture. Here are our catalogue and the pattern books. You
can see the material is superior and with all the latest styles. Can you give me some idea about what you're looking for?
卖方:我们主要经营办公家具。我们供应的家具都是一流的。这是目录和样本。您可以看出材料都是优质的,样式也很新颖。您能告诉我您想
买什么样的家具吗?
Buyer: You know, we want to totally furnish our new office building. This is a list of what we need. Could you give me a
ballpark figure for everything on this list?
买方:您知道,我们想要彻底装备我们的新办公大楼。这是一张单子,上面列出了我们需要的家具。您能就这张表上的所有商品给我一个大概
的价格吗?
Seller: The price varies somewhat according to the size of your order. Would you tell us the quantity you want so that we can
work out an offer?
卖方:根据您的定单大小我们的价格会多少有点儿变化。您能告诉我您要订的数量吗?这样腐殖 们做出报价。
Buyer: If the furniture is pleasantly designed and high-quality stuff, we intend to buy several thousand sets.
买方:如果家具式样好而且质量也好的话,我们打算订几千套。
Seller: It's our pleasure to do business with you. We'll let you have the offer next Wednesday at the latest.
卖方:我们很高兴跟您做这笔生意,我们最晚下周三把我们的报价给您。
Buyer:  I hope you will make us your best offer, CIF New York.
买方:我希望您能报给我们纽约到岸价的最优惠价格。

3.详细解说

1.“ballpark”本义指“(配有观众座位的)棒球场”,为名词,亦可写作“ball park”。“ballpark”作形容词讲时,表示“大致的,大概的”,亦可写作“ball-park”,常用来修饰“figure,estimate,amount”等名词。
2.“work out”意为“做出,制定出”。
3.“at the latest”表示“最迟,最晚”.例如:You should be back by 11 o'clock at the latest.(你最晚应该在11点前回来。)另外
,“at the earliest”表示“最早”,例如:We can't finish before next Friday at the earliest.(我们最早周五能完成。)Work will
begin in October at the very earliest.(工作最早10月份开始。)

4.文化洗礼

什么是询价

询盘( Inquiry)是交易的一方为购买或销售货物而向对方提出的有关交易条件的询问。询盘通常由买方发出,发出询盘的目的既是探寻价格和有关交易条件,也是表示一种交易愿望。询盘也可以由卖方发出。
询盘的内容可涉及价格、规格、品质、数量、包装、装运以及索取样品等,而多数情况下是询问价格。所以,业务上常把询盘称作询价。
还有的是要求对方收到询盘后及时作出发盘,以便考虑是否接受。这种询盘,实际上属于邀请发盘,习惯上称为“索盘”。
1.买方询盘,指由买方发出的询盘,习惯上叫“邀请发盘”,如:
Please cable offer northeast rice most favorable price earliest delivery promptly.(请报东北大米最优惠价格最快交货期,请速电
告。)
2.卖方询盘,指由卖方发出的询盘,习惯上叫“邀请递盘”,如:
Can supply bamboo flooring February shipment cable if interested.(可供竹地板。2月份装船,如有兴趣请电告。)
从法律上讲,询盘对于询盘人和被询盘人均无约束力。买方不承担一定要购买的义务,卖方也不承担一定要出售的责住。其间接的意图是建立贸易合同关系,同时也是商界惯用的打听市场行情和对方业务状况的一种手段。
询盘的书面格式并无要求,但是询盘中往往采用“请寄”、“请提供”、“请告”“有兴趣”、“拟购”、“可供”、“请报”、“请发盘”、“请递盘”等术语。

5.报价

1.惯用口语句子:

Here's our latest price sheet.
这是我们的最新价格单。
Here's our latest CIF quotation sheet.
这是我们最新的到岸价格单。
Here's a detailed list of our offer.
这是我们详细的报价单。
Here's our offer for apples, FOB Dalian.
这是我们就苹果报的大连离岸价。
quotation n. 报价
“FOB”为“free on board”人缩写,即“船上价”也称“离岸价”。
“FOB Dalian”指“大连离岸价”或“大连船上价”。

All the prices on the list are firm offers.
单上所有价格都是实价。
firm offer“实价,实盘”(贸易用语)

We offer you our apples at 15 dollars per carton FOB Dalian.
我方苹果报价为每箱15美元,大连离岸价。
carton n. 纸板箱

This is a lump offer. You must accept all or none.
这是一个综合报盘,您必须完全接受或完全否定。
lump a. 整体的
lump offer“综合报盘”

This offer will remain valid until April 15.
本报价4月15日前有效。
Our offer remains open for 4 days.
我方报价4天内有效。
This offer expires on May 26.
此报价5月26日到期。
It's valid for three months.
有效期为3个月。
remain v. 保持不变
valid a. 有效的
expire v. 到期,终止

This offer is made without engagement.
本报盘无约束力。
Prices are negotiable.
所报价格可商议。
engagement n. 约定;订约
negotiable a. 可商议的

All the quotation on the list are subject to our final confirmation.
报单中的所有价格以我方最后确认为准。
The price quoted above a subject to change without notice.
上述所报价格若调整将不再另行通知。
confirmation n. 确认
be subject to “受…控制或支配的”

2.实用对话

Making an Offer报价

Buyer:  Have you worked out the offers. Mr. Zhou?
买方:周先生,你们把报价做出来了吗?
Seller: Yes, we have. Here's our CIF quotation sheet. Please have a careful look.
卖方:做出来了。这是我们的到岸价报价表。请您仔细过目。
Buyer:  Are the prices on the list firm offers?
买方:请问,表上的价格都是实价吗?
Seller: Yes. All the quotations on the list are subject to our final confirmation.
卖方:对。表上所有的报价都以我们最后确认为准。
Buyer:  I wonder whether there are any changes in your prices.
买方:我想知道你们的价格会不会有什么变化。
Seller: All these products are our best-selling lines. The prices of our products will change according to that of the
international market demand. And we are always open to negotiate, especially on larger orders. What do you have in mind?
卖方:这些产品都是我们的畅销货,我们的产品价格会根据国际市场需求的变化而变化。价格可以商议,尤其是针对大定单。您是怎么考虑的?
Buyer:  How long does your offer remain valid? I need some time to get my supervisors on board with this plan.
买方:你们的报价多长时间有效?我需要一些时间让我的主管来参与这次购买计划。
Seller:  I understand. Our offer remains open for 4days.
卖方:我理解。我们的报价4天内有效。

3.详细解说

1.“according to”是介词短语,意思是“根据,按照,据…所载,据所…说”。其后接物时,表示“根据…,按照…,据…所载”,例如:
He and his father, according to local gossip, haven't been in touch for years.(据当地传闻,他和他的父亲已多年没有联系了。)
其后接人时,表示“据…所说”,例如:According to the police. Miller was arrested at the scene of the robbery.(根据警方所说,
米勒是在抢劫现场被逮捕的。)另外,“20 according to plan”表示“按照计划进行”,例如:If everything went according to plan,
they would move to the city before the end of the year.(如果一切都按照计划进行,化们在年底之前会搬到城市。)
2.“get sb. on board with sth.”意思是“让某人参与到某事中来”。另外,“on board”还表示“在船上(飞机上,火车上等)”,例如
:Have the passengers gone on board yet?(旅客已经上船了吗?)

4.文化洗礼

什么是报价

发盘人(offer)又叫报盘,发价和报价,是交易的方向另一方提出各项交易条件,并愿意按这些条件达成交易、签订合同买卖某种商品的表示。
发盘可以在收到询盘后发出,也可以未经询盘直接发出:发盘可以是卖方的行为,习惯上称为售货发盘;也可以是卖方的行为,称为购货发盘或递盘。在实际业务中,一般以卖方的发盘居多。发盘对发盘人具有法律上的约束力,在其有效期内,若受盘人表示完全同意发盘内容,则发盘人必须按发盘条件与受盘人订立合同。
构成发盘的四个条件
1.向一个或一个以上特定人提出;
2.有订立合同的肯定表示明确表示发盘人受其约束;
3.内容十分确定;
4.发盘必须送达受盘人。
发盘有效期
凡是发盘,都有有效期,发盘的有效期是指发盘供受盘人接受的期限,也是发盘人对发盘承受约束的期限。
发盘的失效
1.过期;
2.拒绝;
3.还盘;
4.禁令;
5.交易双方当事人丧失了行为能力。
发盘的撤回和撤销
撤回和撤销属于两个不同的概念。撤回是指在发盘尚未生效,发盘人采取行动、阻止它的生效。而撤消是指发盘已生效后,发盘人以一定方式解除发盘的效力。
《公约》中规定,一项发盘,即使是不可撤销的,也可以撤回,但前提是撤回的通知要在发盘到达受盘人之前或同时到达受盘人。
根据《公约》的规定,发盘也可以撤销,其条件是:发盘人撤销的通知必须在受盘人发出接受通知之前传达到受盘人。但在下列情况下,发盘不能再撤销:
1.发盘申注明了有效期,或以其他方式表示发盘是不可撤销的;
2.受盘人有理由信赖该发盘是不可撤锗的,并且已本着对该发盘的信赖行事。

7.商议价格

1.惯用口语句子:

You're asking too much.
您开的价也太高了吧。
The price you offer is too high. We can't accept it.
你们的报价太高,我们不能接受。

Our rates are in line with the world market.
我们的价格与国际市场上的是一致的。
Our prices fit in with today's market situation.
我们的价格与今天的市场形式相吻合。
in line with“与…一致,符合”
fit in with“与…相适合/相吻合”

You can't consider the price separately from the quality.
您不能只看价格不看质量。
You should take the quality into account.
您应该考虑质量因素.
We have to take into consideration the quality of the goods.
我们必须考虑商品的质量问题。
I take into account = take into consideration“虑在内”

How about reducing the price by 5%?
= How about lowering the price by 5 %?
价格减少5%如何?
How about $100 per unit?
每件100美元如何?
reduce v. 减少
5%的读法是“five percent”,percent意为“百分之”。

I propose a reduction of 4%.
我建议降价4%。
propose v. 建议,提议
reduction n. 减少,(这里指)降价

This is the best we can offer. We can't go any lower.
这是我们最优惠的价格,不能再低了o
This is our rock-bottom price, we can't make any further concessions.
这是我们的最低价格,不可能再让了。
This is the lowest price we can offer.这是我们可以报的最低价格了。
I The best we can do is another 30 dollars off. That's definitely the lowest we can go.
我们最多只能再减30美元。这可绝对是最低价了。
concession n. 让步
definitely ad. 绝对地,无疑地,确切地
rock-bottom price“最低价”、“底价”

Let's meet each other halfway.
咱们各让一步吧。
Let's meet each other halfway again and split the difference.
咱们再各让一半,分担差额吧。
split v. (在这里是)分担,劈开
meet halfway“各让一步”

I appreciate your counter-offer, but find it too low to accept.
我还是感谢您的还价,但是我觉得这个价太低了,我无法接受。
I can't accept your counter-offer.
我无法接受您的还盘
counter-offer n. 还价,还盘(商贸用语)

2.实用对话

Striking a Bargain达成协议

Seller:  This is our rock-bottom price, Mr. Lee.
卖方:李先生,这是我们的最低价格了。
Buyer: If that's the case. there's not much point in further discussion. We might as well call the whole deal off.
买方:如果是这样的话,那就没有什么意义再谈下去了。我们还不如取消这笔生意算了。
Seller:  What I mean is that we:ll never be able to come down to your price. The gap is too great.
卖方:我的意思是说我们永远不可能把价格降到你们要求的价格。差距太大了。
Buyer:  I think it unwise for either of us to be inflexible. How about meeting each other halfway?
买方:我认为我们都这么强硬很不明智。我们能不一能各让一半?
Seller:  What's your proposal?
卖方:您的提议是什么?
Buyer:  Your unit price is100 dollars higher than we want. Well, I suggest we meet each other halfway.
买方:你们的单价比我们想要的价格高出100美元。嗯,我建议各让一步。
Seller:  Do you mean a further reduction of 50 dollars in our price? That's impossible!
卖方:您是说让我们再减价50美元吗?那真的不可能。
Buyer:  What would you suggest?
买方:您的意见呢?
Seller:  The best we can do is another 30 dollars off. That's definitely the lowest we can go.
卖方:我们最多只能再减30美元,这可绝对是最低价了。
Buyer:  That still leaves a gap of 20 dollars. Let's meet each other half-away again and spljt the difference; I think this is a price we can both be satisfied with.
买方:这样还留下20美元的差额呢。咱们再各让一半,分担差额吧。我认为我们双方都能满意这个价格。
Seller:  OK. We can meet halfway again.
卖方:好吧。我们就再各让一半吧。

3.详细解说

1.“strike/make a bargain”表示“(尤指经过多次磋商和争论后)达成协议”,例如:There are rumors that the president  struck a
private bargain with the corporation's chairman(传言说总裁和那家公司的董事长达成了私下的协议。)
2.“If that's the case”相当于“in that case”,意思是“如果(情况)”是那样的话”。例如:There's no coffee left? In that
case, I'll have tea.(没有咖啡了?如果是那样的话,我就喝茶。)另外,“in case of sth.”意思是“若发生某事,万一…”,例如:In case of fire, please dial 119.(如果发生火灾,请拨119。)
3.“call off”的意思是“取消”,例如:call off a trip(取消旅行)。

4.文化洗礼

常见的外贸价格术语

现行价格(时价)current price,prevailing price
国际市场价world (international) market price
离岸价(船上交货价)FOB (free on board)
成本加运费价C&F (cost and freight)
到岸价(成本加运费、保险费价)CIF (cost,insurance and freight)
价格price
单价unit price
净价net price
总价gross price
总值total value
码头费wharfage
卸货费landing charges
金额amount
关税customs duty
含佣价price including commission
港口税port dues
回佣return commission
折扣 discount
批发价wholesale price
零售价retail price
现货价格spot price
期货价格forward price

7.折扣

1.惯用口语句子:

What would you say about the discount?
关于折扣的问题,您是怎么考虑的?
I'd like to discuss the matter of discount with you.
我想跟您商量一下折扣的问题。
discount n. 折扣

Do you allow a cash discount?
你们给现金折扣吗?
Do you allow a cash discount apart from the trade discount and quantity discount?
你们除了商业折扣、数量折扣外,还给现金折扣吗?
apart from “除…之外”
cash discount trade discount, quantity discount均为行业用语,分别为:现金折扣、商业折扣、数量折扣。

Will you please tell me how much discount you would offer?
请问,你们会给多少折扣?
How much discount do you intend to give us?
你们打算给我们多少折扣?
intend v. 打算

Could I have a discount if my order is a large one?
如果我的定单大,我能享受折扣吗?
If we guarantee an annual order of a certain amount, would you give us a special discount?
如果我们保证每年的订货达到一定的金额,你们会给我们特殊折扣吗?
guarantee v. 保证
annual a. 每年的,全年的
amount n. 数量,总额

Since this is a sizeable order, I was thinking you might give us a 5% discount.
因为是大宗购买,我想你们应该可以给我们5%的折扣吧。
sizeable a. 大的,相当大的(也可写作sizable)
sizeable order“大宗购买定单”

You should give us a discount for such a large quantity.
这么大的数量,你们应该给我们打折扣。
We've ordered such a large quantity that a discount, no matter how little should be allowed.
我们订这么多货,折扣多少还是要给的吧?
no matter “不论…”

We get little profit from selling this product. We don't allow any discount.
我们经销这种产品利润很小。一般是不给折扣的。
profit n. 利润,盈利,收益

We are going to allow you a special discount of 3%, if your order exceeds $5,000.
如果你们的定单额超过五千美元,我们愿意给你们一个3%的特别折扣。
We usually give a discount for an order of over 500 articles.
我们通常给500件以上的定单折扣。
If your order is large enough, we can allow you a higher discount.
如果你们的订购量最够大。我们可以给你们更高的折扣。
exceed v. 超过

3.实用对话

Seeking a Discount寻求折扣

Buyer: Mr. Smith. could you give me your quotation for your bicycle A5, FOB Qingdao?
买方:史密斯先生,请给我报一下你们A5型自行车的青岛离岸价,好吗?
Seller:  Can You tell me how many you want to buy?
卖方:请问,您想买多少辆?
Buyer: 100 for immediate delivery, and 500 in two months time.
that's by the end of July.
买方:100辆,立即交货;500辆,两个月后交货,也就是7月底交货。
Seller:  Well. then, 260 yuan each.
卖方:好,那就每辆260元。
Buyer:  Since this is a sizeable order, I was thinking you might give us a 5% discount.
买方:因为是大宗购买.我想你们应该可以给我们5%的折扣吧。
Seller: I'm afraid we can't go as high as that. You know we usually don't give any discount. but considering the newly
established business relationship between us, I could give you 3% off the list price.
卖方:很遗憾,我们不能给那么高的折扣。您知道,我们通常都是不给折扣的,不过考虑到我们之间新建立的业务关系,我可以给您价格表上所列价格3%的折扣。
Buyer: Only 3%? That's not much. If you could make some concessions, we would probably buy some of your other products.
买方:只有3%吗?这可真是不多。如果你能做一些让步,我们或许还会再买你们的其他产品。
Seller:  OK. OK. I don't want to haggle with you. Let's say, how about 3.5%?
卖方:好,好。我不想跟您争论。我们定到3.5%,怎么样?
Buyer:  I think I can accept that.
买方:我想这个折扣我可以接受。

3.详细解说

1.“give(sb.)a discount”的意思是“(给某人)打个折扣”,看下面的例子并注意比较英语和汉语中“打折”说法的差异:5% discount(九五折),3%discount(九七折)。另外,“buy sth. at a discount”的意思是“以折扣价购买某物”,例如:Members can buy books at a 20% discount.(会员购买书籍可以打八折。)
2.“let's say”在口语中常用来作插入语,意为“譬如,就这么说吧”,例如:Try to finish the work by,let's say,Friday.(尽量在
,就这么说吧,在周五前完成工作。)You can stay here,let's say,until eight o'clock.(你可以留在这里,就这么说吧,留到8点。)

4.文化洗礼

“discount”的意思知多少

折扣(Discount)是卖方在原价格的基础上给予买方的一定比例的价格减让。货价中的折扣,一般应在合同中注明,这种在价格条款中明确表明折扣的做法,称为“明扣”;如果在价格条款中没有表明折扣而由买卖双方另行约定折扣的做法,称为“暗扣”。暗扣一般属于不公平竞争。
使用折扣方式减让价格,而不直接降低报价,使卖方既保持了商品的价位,又明确表明了给予买方的某种优惠,是一种候锁手段。
国际贸易中使用的拆扣名目很多,除一般折扣外,还有为扩大销售而使用的数量折扣(Quantity Discount),为实现某种特殊目的而给予的特别折扣(Special Discount)以及年终回扣(Turnover Bonus)等。
1.折扣的表示方法
①用文字来表示:
US$200 per M/T CIF London including 3%discount
(CIF伦敦每公吨200美元,折扣3%)
③用绝对数来表示:
Discount US$6 per M/T(每公吨折扣6美元)
③在贸易术语中加注“D”  ( Discount)或“R”  (Rebate)和折扣率来表示:
FOB D 5% London(FOB伦敦,折扣5%)
2.折扣的计算方法
折扣一般按成交额或发票金额来计算。其计算公式为:
折扣额=原价×折扣率
卖方净收入=原价×(1-折扣率)
3.折扣的支付方法
折扣一般是在买方支付贷款时预先予以扣除。也有的折扣金额不直接从货价中扣除,而按暗中达成的协谌另行支付给买方,这种做法通常在给“暗扣”或“回扣”时采用。

8.佣金

1.惯用口语句子:

We are eager to know your usual practice in giving commission.
我们很想知道你们支付佣金的一贯做法。
practice n. 惯例,实践
commission n. 佣金
be eager to do sth.表示“渴望做某事,极想做某事”。

As commission agents, we do business on a commission basis.
作为佣金代理商,我们是在有佣金的基础上做生意的。
agent n. 代理人,代理商
commission agent“佣金代理商”
on a…basis表示“在…基础上”。

We will give a 5% commission back to you by check.
我们将用支票返给你们5%的佣金。
We shall remit you a 5% commission of invoice value after the payment is effected.
货款支付后,我们将把发票金额的5%作为佣金汇给你们。
remit v. 汇款
invoice n. 发票
effect v. 实现,实行
invoice value“发票金额”

What's your usual commission rate for your agents?
你们通常给代理人的佣金率是多少?
commission rate“佣金率”

We usually pay our agents a 5% commission of the value for each deal.
通常我们支付给代理人的佣金是每笔交易达成金额的5%。
Usually, we give a commission of 3% to our agents.
我们通常给代理人3%的佣金。
value n. 价值金额
deal n. (一笔)交易,买卖

We'll allow you a higher commission rate if your sales score a substantial increase.
如果你们的销售额有实质性增长,我们会给你们提高佣金比率的。
score v. 获得,取得
substantial a. 实质性的
increase n. 增长

What commission would you expect?
您想拿多少佣金?
What about the rate of commission you want to charge?
您想要多少的佣金率?

10% on total sales.
整个销售额的10%
A minimum of 3 % commission on the sale price.
最少佣金是销售价格的3%。
A commission of 5% on sales and a monthly sum of $5.000 for expenses.
销售额的5%作为佣金,以及五千荧元用于每月花销。
minimum n. 最小额,最小值
expense n. 费用,花费

2.实用对话

Agency and Commission代理和佣金

Agent:  What's your usual commission rate for your agents?
代理方:你们通常给代理人的佣金率是多少?
Representative:  Usually, we give a commission of 3% to our agents.
厂方代表:我通常给代理人3%的佣金。
Agent:  I think 3 % is too low. We have a lot of work to do in  promoting sales; we're going to advertise on radio and TV,
print booklets, leaflets, catalogues and so on. It all costs. 3% is simple not enough.
代理方:我觉得3%的佣金率太低了。我们需要做很多的产品推销工作。我们要在电台和电视上做广告,还要印制小册子,传单和商品目录等等。所有这些都要花钱。3%的佣金实在是不够。
Representative: Don't worry. We'll allow you a higher commission rate if your sales score a substantial increase.
厂方代表:不用担心。如果你们的销售额有实质性增长,我们会给你们提高佣金比率的。
Agent:  You mean to say...
代理方:您的意思是说…
Representative:  Now. if you can sell US$2 million worth of hand tools annually, we can only allow 3% commission. If the
annual turnover exceeds US $5 million, you can get 5% commission. What do you think of that?
厂方代表:现在,如果你们销售手工工具的年销售额为两百万美元,我们只能给3%的佣金;如果你们的年销售额超过五百万美元,你们就可以拿到5%的佣金。您看怎么样?
Agent: It sounds okay. Then how do you pay the commission?
代理方:听起来还可以。那么,佣金怎么支付呢?
Representative: We may deduct the commission from the invoice value directly or remit it to you after the payment.
厂方代表:我们可以直接把佣金从发票金额里扣除,或者是在收到你们的付款之后再把佣金汇给你们。
Agent:  All right. We'd like to sign an agency agreement with you immediately.
代理方:那好吧。我们愿意跟你们立即签订代理协议。

3.详细解说

1.“…worth of sth.”表示“价值…的某物”。例如:The fire caused thousands of pounds worth of damage.(那场大火造成了价值数
千英镑的损失。)
2.“sign an agreement”的意思是“签订协议”,例如:France has just sighed a new trade agreement with Japan.(法国和日本刚签订了一个新是贸易协议。)另外,“sign a contract”表示“签订合同”,例如:He has agreed salary terms and is ready to sign a new contract.(他同意了薪金条件,准备签订一份新合同。)

4.文化洗礼

商贸中的佣金

佣金( Commission)是指卖方或买方付给中间商代理买卖或介绍交易的服务酬金。此佣金可以由卖方支付,也可以由买方支付。
凡价格中含有佣金的称为“含佣价”。佣金有“明佣”和“暗佣”两种。凡在商品的价格中明确佣金百分比或绝对数的,称作“明佣”。
如果不标明佣金的百分比或绝对数,甚至连“佣金”的字样都不表示出来,且有关佣金问题由双方另行约定,这种做法称为“暗佣”。
1.明佣的表示方法
①用文字来表示:
US$200 per M/T CIF London including 3% commission
(CIF伦敦每公吨200美元,佣金3%)
②用绝对数来表示:
Commission US$6 per M/T(每公吨佣金6美元)
③在贸易术语中加注“C”( Commission)和佣金率来表示:
FOB C 5% London(FOB伦敦,佣金5%)
2.暗佣的表示方法
双方可就具体内容签订“付佣协议”或“代理协议”加以规定。
3.佣金的计算方法
佣金一般是按交易金额的百分比计算,也可按成交的数量来计算,其计算公式为:
佣金=含佣价×佣金率
含佣价=净价+佣金
净价=含佣价一佣金=含佣价×(1-佣金率)
4.佣金的支付方法
一种方式是中间代理商直接从货款中扣除,另一种方式是由卖方收到货款后按双方约定的佣金比率,另行支付给中间商。

8.佣金

1.惯用口语句子:

We are eager to know your usual practice in giving commission.
我们很想知道你们支付佣金的一贯做法。
practice n. 惯例,实践
commission n. 佣金
be eager to do sth.表示“渴望做某事,极想做某事”。

As commission agents, we do business on a commission basis.
作为佣金代理商,我们是在有佣金的基础上做生意的。
agent n. 代理人,代理商
commission agent“佣金代理商”
on a…basis表示“在…基础上”。

We will give a 5% commission back to you by check.
我们将用支票返给你们5%的佣金。
We shall remit you a 5% commission of invoice value after the payment is effected.
货款支付后,我们将把发票金额的5%作为佣金汇给你们。
remit v. 汇款
invoice n. 发票
effect v. 实现,实行
invoice value“发票金额”

What's your usual commission rate for your agents?
你们通常给代理人的佣金率是多少?
commission rate“佣金率”

We usually pay our agents a 5% commission of the value for each deal.
通常我们支付给代理人的佣金是每笔交易达成金额的5%。
Usually, we give a commission of 3% to our agents.
我们通常给代理人3%的佣金。
value n. 价值金额
deal n. (一笔)交易,买卖

We'll allow you a higher commission rate if your sales score a substantial increase.
如果你们的销售额有实质性增长,我们会给你们提高佣金比率的。
score v. 获得,取得
substantial a. 实质性的
increase n. 增长

What commission would you expect?
您想拿多少佣金?
What about the rate of commission you want to charge?
您想要多少的佣金率?

10% on total sales.
整个销售额的10%
A minimum of 3 % commission on the sale price.
最少佣金是销售价格的3%。
A commission of 5% on sales and a monthly sum of $5.000 for expenses.
销售额的5%作为佣金,以及五千荧元用于每月花销。
minimum n. 最小额,最小值
expense n. 费用,花费

2.实用对话

Agency and Commission代理和佣金

Agent:  What's your usual commission rate for your agents?
代理方:你们通常给代理人的佣金率是多少?
Representative:  Usually, we give a commission of 3% to our agents.
厂方代表:我通常给代理人3%的佣金。
Agent:  I think 3 % is too low. We have a lot of work to do in  promoting sales; we're going to advertise on radio and TV,
print booklets, leaflets, catalogues and so on. It all costs. 3% is simple not enough.
代理方:我觉得3%的佣金率太低了。我们需要做很多的产品推销工作。我们要在电台和电视上做广告,还要印制小册子,传单和商品目录等等。所有这些都要花钱。3%的佣金实在是不够。
Representative: Don't worry. We'll allow you a higher commission rate if your sales score a substantial increase.
厂方代表:不用担心。如果你们的销售额有实质性增长,我们会给你们提高佣金比率的。
Agent:  You mean to say...
代理方:您的意思是说…
Representative:  Now. if you can sell US$2 million worth of hand tools annually, we can only allow 3% commission. If the
annual turnover exceeds US $5 million, you can get 5% commission. What do you think of that?
厂方代表:现在,如果你们销售手工工具的年销售额为两百万美元,我们只能给3%的佣金;如果你们的年销售额超过五百万美元,你们就可以拿到5%的佣金。您看怎么样?
Agent: It sounds okay. Then how do you pay the commission?
代理方:听起来还可以。那么,佣金怎么支付呢?
Representative: We may deduct the commission from the invoice value directly or remit it to you after the payment.
厂方代表:我们可以直接把佣金从发票金额里扣除,或者是在收到你们的付款之后再把佣金汇给你们。
Agent:  All right. We'd like to sign an agency agreement with you immediately.
代理方:那好吧。我们愿意跟你们立即签订代理协议。

3.详细解说

1.“…worth of sth.”表示“价值…的某物”。例如:The fire caused thousands of pounds worth of damage.(那场大火造成了价值数
千英镑的损失。)
2.“sign an agreement”的意思是“签订协议”,例如:France has just sighed a new trade agreement with Japan.(法国和日本刚签订了一个新是贸易协议。)另外,“sign a contract”表示“签订合同”,例如:He has agreed salary terms and is ready to sign a new contract.(他同意了薪金条件,准备签订一份新合同。)

4.文化洗礼

商贸中的佣金

佣金( Commission)是指卖方或买方付给中间商代理买卖或介绍交易的服务酬金。此佣金可以由卖方支付,也可以由买方支付。
凡价格中含有佣金的称为“含佣价”。佣金有“明佣”和“暗佣”两种。凡在商品的价格中明确佣金百分比或绝对数的,称作“明佣”。
如果不标明佣金的百分比或绝对数,甚至连“佣金”的字样都不表示出来,且有关佣金问题由双方另行约定,这种做法称为“暗佣”。
1.明佣的表示方法
①用文字来表示:
US$200 per M/T CIF London including 3% commission
(CIF伦敦每公吨200美元,佣金3%)
②用绝对数来表示:
Commission US$6 per M/T(每公吨佣金6美元)
③在贸易术语中加注“C”( Commission)和佣金率来表示:
FOB C 5% London(FOB伦敦,佣金5%)
2.暗佣的表示方法
双方可就具体内容签订“付佣协议”或“代理协议”加以规定。
3.佣金的计算方法
佣金一般是按交易金额的百分比计算,也可按成交的数量来计算,其计算公式为:
佣金=含佣价×佣金率
含佣价=净价+佣金
净价=含佣价一佣金=含佣价×(1-佣金率)
4.佣金的支付方法
一种方式是中间代理商直接从货款中扣除,另一种方式是由卖方收到货款后按双方约定的佣金比率,另行支付给中间商。

8.佣金

1.惯用口语句子:

We are eager to know your usual practice in giving commission.
我们很想知道你们支付佣金的一贯做法。
practice n. 惯例,实践
commission n. 佣金
be eager to do sth.表示“渴望做某事,极想做某事”。

As commission agents, we do business on a commission basis.
作为佣金代理商,我们是在有佣金的基础上做生意的。
agent n. 代理人,代理商
commission agent“佣金代理商”
on a…basis表示“在…基础上”。

We will give a 5% commission back to you by check.
我们将用支票返给你们5%的佣金。
We shall remit you a 5% commission of invoice value after the payment is effected.
货款支付后,我们将把发票金额的5%作为佣金汇给你们。
remit v. 汇款
invoice n. 发票
effect v. 实现,实行
invoice value“发票金额”

What's your usual commission rate for your agents?
你们通常给代理人的佣金率是多少?
commission rate“佣金率”

We usually pay our agents a 5% commission of the value for each deal.
通常我们支付给代理人的佣金是每笔交易达成金额的5%。
Usually, we give a commission of 3% to our agents.
我们通常给代理人3%的佣金。
value n. 价值金额
deal n. (一笔)交易,买卖

We'll allow you a higher commission rate if your sales score a substantial increase.
如果你们的销售额有实质性增长,我们会给你们提高佣金比率的。
score v. 获得,取得
substantial a. 实质性的
increase n. 增长

What commission would you expect?
您想拿多少佣金?
What about the rate of commission you want to charge?
您想要多少的佣金率?

10% on total sales.
整个销售额的10%
A minimum of 3 % commission on the sale price.
最少佣金是销售价格的3%。
A commission of 5% on sales and a monthly sum of $5.000 for expenses.
销售额的5%作为佣金,以及五千荧元用于每月花销。
minimum n. 最小额,最小值
expense n. 费用,花费

2.实用对话

Agency and Commission代理和佣金

Agent:  What's your usual commission rate for your agents?
代理方:你们通常给代理人的佣金率是多少?
Representative:  Usually, we give a commission of 3% to our agents.
厂方代表:我通常给代理人3%的佣金。
Agent:  I think 3 % is too low. We have a lot of work to do in  promoting sales; we're going to advertise on radio and TV,
print booklets, leaflets, catalogues and so on. It all costs. 3% is simple not enough.
代理方:我觉得3%的佣金率太低了。我们需要做很多的产品推销工作。我们要在电台和电视上做广告,还要印制小册子,传单和商品目录等等。所有这些都要花钱。3%的佣金实在是不够。
Representative: Don't worry. We'll allow you a higher commission rate if your sales score a substantial increase.
厂方代表:不用担心。如果你们的销售额有实质性增长,我们会给你们提高佣金比率的。
Agent:  You mean to say...
代理方:您的意思是说…
Representative:  Now. if you can sell US$2 million worth of hand tools annually, we can only allow 3% commission. If the
annual turnover exceeds US $5 million, you can get 5% commission. What do you think of that?
厂方代表:现在,如果你们销售手工工具的年销售额为两百万美元,我们只能给3%的佣金;如果你们的年销售额超过五百万美元,你们就可以拿到5%的佣金。您看怎么样?
Agent: It sounds okay. Then how do you pay the commission?
代理方:听起来还可以。那么,佣金怎么支付呢?
Representative: We may deduct the commission from the invoice value directly or remit it to you after the payment.
厂方代表:我们可以直接把佣金从发票金额里扣除,或者是在收到你们的付款之后再把佣金汇给你们。
Agent:  All right. We'd like to sign an agency agreement with you immediately.
代理方:那好吧。我们愿意跟你们立即签订代理协议。

3.详细解说

1.“…worth of sth.”表示“价值…的某物”。例如:The fire caused thousands of pounds worth of damage.(那场大火造成了价值数
千英镑的损失。)
2.“sign an agreement”的意思是“签订协议”,例如:France has just sighed a new trade agreement with Japan.(法国和日本刚签订了一个新是贸易协议。)另外,“sign a contract”表示“签订合同”,例如:He has agreed salary terms and is ready to sign a new contract.(他同意了薪金条件,准备签订一份新合同。)

4.文化洗礼

商贸中的佣金

佣金( Commission)是指卖方或买方付给中间商代理买卖或介绍交易的服务酬金。此佣金可以由卖方支付,也可以由买方支付。
凡价格中含有佣金的称为“含佣价”。佣金有“明佣”和“暗佣”两种。凡在商品的价格中明确佣金百分比或绝对数的,称作“明佣”。
如果不标明佣金的百分比或绝对数,甚至连“佣金”的字样都不表示出来,且有关佣金问题由双方另行约定,这种做法称为“暗佣”。
1.明佣的表示方法
①用文字来表示:
US$200 per M/T CIF London including 3% commission
(CIF伦敦每公吨200美元,佣金3%)
②用绝对数来表示:
Commission US$6 per M/T(每公吨佣金6美元)
③在贸易术语中加注“C”( Commission)和佣金率来表示:
FOB C 5% London(FOB伦敦,佣金5%)
2.暗佣的表示方法
双方可就具体内容签订“付佣协议”或“代理协议”加以规定。
3.佣金的计算方法
佣金一般是按交易金额的百分比计算,也可按成交的数量来计算,其计算公式为:
佣金=含佣价×佣金率
含佣价=净价+佣金
净价=含佣价一佣金=含佣价×(1-佣金率)
4.佣金的支付方法
一种方式是中间代理商直接从货款中扣除,另一种方式是由卖方收到货款后按双方约定的佣金比率,另行支付给中间商。

9.下定单

1.惯用口语句子:

We're going to place an order for this product.
我们要就这种产品下个定单。
I'd like to order 500 women's Eva raincoats.
我想订购500件伊娃牌女式雨衣。
We'd like to order 1000 pieces of this type of pure silk women's blouses at $20 each.
这种真丝女士衬衫,我们想以每件20美元的价格订购1000件。
blouse n. 女士衬衫
place an order “下定单”

We can take 300 cases.
我们能订300箱。
I'll take table linen, 5,000 sets, and the same type as before.
我要订亚麻桌布5000套,要和以前是同一种类的。
case n. 箱子
linen n. 亚麻布,亚麻制品(table linen指“桌布”)

How many sets of this type of washing machine do you intend to order?
这种洗衣机您想订购多少台?
How many would you like to order?
您想订购多少?
What's the quantity?
数量是多少?

We'd like to place a trial order for a small amount of the new varieties.
我们想少量试购你们的新品种。
I'd like to place a trial order for some Sunflower raincoats then.
那么,我想试购一些向日葵牌女式雨衣。
I'd like to place a trial order for 150.
我想试购150件(个)。
This is a trial order. Please send us 50 sets so that we may teat the market.
这是试购单,请发过来50台,以方便我们观测市场。
trial a. 试验的
variety n. 品种,各类

Our minimum quantity of an order for this product is 200 cartons.
订购这种产品,我们的起订量是200箱。
carton n. 纸板箱

If the goods sell as well as we expect, we shall send further orders in the near future.
如果货物的销售情况像我们预期的一样好,我们不久还会继续订购。
If the goods sell well, We will give, you larger orders in the future.
如果销售情况很好,将来我们会给你们下更大的定单。

We hope that this will be the first of many orders we will be placing with you.
希望这将是我们向你们大量订购的第二份定单。
I hope this order is followed by many other orders.
我希望这个定单的后面还跟着许多定单。

Do you have this kind of product in stock? We'd like to place an order.
这种产品你们有现货吗?我们想订货。
stock n. 库存,存货
in stock “有现货,有库存”

We'll do all we can to fulfill your order.
我们将全力以赴把你们的定单完成。
Thank you for your order.
谢谢你们的定购。
fulfill v. 完成

2.实用对话

Placing an Order下定单

Buyer:  I'd like to order 500 women's Eva raincoats.
买方:我想订购500件伊娃牌女式雨衣。
Seller:  I'm sorry, but that item is out of stock at the moment.
卖方:对不起,这种货品暂时缺货。
Buyer:  Are you expecting any to come in soon?
买方:会很快进货吗?
Seller:  We expect to have them back in stock around September 15th. However, we can offer you another brand of similar
quality.
卖方:我们预计在9月15号左右进货。不过我们可以向您提供相似质量的另外一种牌子的雨衣。
Buyer:  What's the brand?
买方:是什么牌子的?
Seller: It's Sunflower, also one of our best-selling items, which we can sell for as low as US$15 each.
卖方:向日葵牌,也是我们的一个畅销货品。我们开价很低,每件是15美元。
Buyer: I'd like to place a trial order for the Sunflower raincoat then.
买方:那么,我想试购一些向日葵牌女式雨衣。
Seller:  That's fine. How many would you like to order?
卖方:好的。您要订多少?
Buyer: 150. If the goods sell as well as we expect, we shall send further orders in the near future.
买方:150件。如果货物的销售情况像我们预期的一样好,我们不久还会继续订购。

3.详细解说

1.“out of stock”意为“缺货,已脱销,无库存”,例如:I'm sorry,that swimsuit is completely out of stock.(抱歉,那种泳衣现在
已经完全脱销了。)
2.“in stock”意为“有库存,有现货”,例如:All our items are in stock now. Please allow us 10 business days for delivery.(
我们所有的商品都有现货。请准许我们10个工作日的运送时间。)
3.“best-selling”是形容词,指书等商品时,意思是“畅销的”,指“作者、编辑”等时,意思是“其作品畅销的”,也可写成
“bestselling”的形式。“best seller”或“bestseller”是名词,意思是“畅销品(主要指畅销书)”。例如:She is one of the UK's
best-selling authors.(她是英国作品最畅销的作者之一。)His new book went straight to number one on the best-seller list.(化的新书直接登上了畅销榜的榜首。)
4.“place a trial order for sth.”的意思是“试购某物”,例如:The government has placed a trial order for some new weapons.(
政府试购了一些新武器。)

4.文化洗礼

取消定单的常用表达

在国际贸易过程中,由于种种原因,取消定单的事情时有发生,无法避免。作为卖方,肯定是不愿意碰到这样的事情,轻则生意减少,重则无法收回贷款、遭受经济损失。作为买方或中间代理商,取消定单的做法也必定是不得已而为之。但因定单在某种情况下具有法律效力,所以如若取消,务必要把握好时机,尽量减少对方经济损失,也同时减少自己需要承担的法律责任。在这个过程中,及时、有效的沟通就显得尤为重要。所以,下面就请大家学习几句取消定单时的常用表达。
① To my deep regret, the buyer of these goods has just cancelled the order, which compels me to cancel my order with you.
非常抱歉,兹因购货人已向我方撤销定单,迫使我方只好向贵方取消这一次定单。
② Our requirements are now fully covered for some time to come, and we therefore greatly regret that we have to cancel our
order with you.
由于我们的需求在今后一段时间内都可以得到满足,因此,我们不得不取消此次定单,非常抱歉。
③ We are sorry to report that our buyer does not confirm this order at your price $5007. we must therefore cancel this order.
非常遗憾地通知贵方,因为购货人对贵方500美元的价格不予确认,因此我们必须取消此定单。
④I regret that I have to notify you of so many orders being cancelled at the same time.
非常遗憾,我方不得不通知贵方有数个定单需要同时取消。

10.付款方式

1.惯用口语句子:

What about the terms of payment?
付款方式怎么定?
How are we going to arrange the payment?
我们怎么安排付款的事情?
terms of payment“付款方式,付款条件”

We only accept payment by confirmed irrevocable letter of credit.
我们只接受保兑的不可撤消的信用证付款。
confirmed a. 确定的,被证实的,保兑的
irrevocable a. 不可撤消的,不可取消的
letter of credit“信用证”  (也可写作L/C)

Opening a UC will add to the cost of our imports.
开立信用证将增加我们的进口成本。
import n. 进口物,进口
add to“增加”

Payment by L/C is quite usual in international trade.
信用证付款在国际贸易中非常普遍。
I Payment by L/C is our usual practice.
信用证付款是我们通常的做法。

L/C at sight is what we request for all our clients.
开即期信用证是我们对所有客户的要求。
sight n. 看见
L/C at sight“即期信用证”

We insist on Payment in Advance; we can't accept Payment after Arrival of Goods.
我们坚持要求预付货款,不能接受货到付款。
We insist on Cash with Order; we can't accept Open Account.
我们坚持要求订货付现,不能接受赊账业务。
insist v. 坚持,坚持要求

We accept neither Payment by Installments nor Deferred Payment.
我们既不接受分期付款也不接受延期付款。
installment n. 分期付款
deferred a. 延期的,推迟的
句型“neither...nor...”表示“既不…也不…”,例如:I saw neither Mr. nor Mrs. Smith at church.(我在教堂里既没看见史密斯先生
也没看见他太太。)Neither Tom's mother nor his father speaks English.(汤姆的母亲和父亲都不讲英语。)

Is Payment by Remittance acceptable?
采用汇付方式可以吗?
Do you accept M/T, T/T or D/D?
你们接受信汇、电汇还是票汇?
remittance n. 汇款
acceptable a. 可接受的
关于M/T,T/T和D/D的详细解释,请见2128页的“文化洗礼360°”。

Do you accept Sight Draft or Time Bill?
你们接受即期汇票还是远期汇票?
draft n. 汇票   ( = Bill of Exchange )
Time Bill=Usance Bill“远期汇票”

Do you accept Payment by Collection?
你们接受托收付款方式吗?
Could you make an exception in our case and accept D/P or D/A?
您能不能给我们这次破破例,接受付款交单或者承兑交单?
collection n. 托收
exception n. 例外,除外
case n. 事例,情况
D/P=Documents against Payment“付款交单”
D/A=Documents against Acceptance“承兑交单”

2.实用对话

Terms of Payment付款方式

Buyer: I'm glad that we've settled the price. Now what about the terms of payment?
买方:很高兴我们把价格问题谈妥了。那付款方式怎么定?
Seller:  We only accept payment by confirmed letter of a edit.
卖方:我们只接受保兑的信用证付款。
Buyer:  What about D/A?
买方:承兑付款怎么样?
Seller: Sorry. Payment by L/C is our usual practice with all customers. As a matter of fact, L/C protects the seller as well
as the buyer.
卖方:很抱歉。信用证付款是我们与所有客户交易的付款方式。实际上,信用证付款的方式不仅保护买方也保护卖方。
Buyer:  Then is D/P acceptable to you?
买方:那么,付款交单你们可以接受吗?
Seller:  I'm aid we must insist on our usual form.
卖方:恐怕我们必须坚持我们的惯用方式。
Buyer: In opening a letter of credit with a bank I have to pay a deposit. That will tie up my funds.
买方:开信用证我得向银行付押金,那会占用我的资金。
Seller:  You might consult with your bank and see if it can reduce the required deposit to a minimum.
卖方:你可以跟银行协商一下,看能不能把要求交的押金尽量压到最低的程度。
Buyer:  Still there will be certain bank charges. To meet each other halfway, what do you say t0 50% by L/C and the balance
by D/P?
买方:可是还得向银行支付一些手续费。我们都做个让步吧,一半用信用证,一半用付款交单怎么样?
Seller:  I'm awfully sorry. but I'm afraid I cannot promise even that. We do require payment by L/C.
卖方:非常抱歉,恐怕即使这样我也不能答应。我们坚决要求信用证付款。
Buyer: OK.
买方:好吧。

3.详细解说

1.“insist on”的意思是“坚持,坚决要求”,例如:He insists on speaking to you personally.(他坚持要求和你亲自谈谈。)
2.“tie up”的意思是“束紧,缚牢”,在这里可以译为“占用”。也常用于“be tied up in”结构,主语通常是资金,例如:Most of his
money is tied up in real estate.(他大部分钱都被套在房地产上了。)
3.“consult with sb.”的意思是“与某人协商,和某人商量”,例如:I need to consult with my lawyer.” (我需要和我的律师协商。)

4.文化洗礼

国际贸易中常用的付款方式

国际贸易中常用的付款方式主要有以下几种:
1.汇付
汇付( Remittance)又称汇款,是付款人委托银行采用各种支付工具,将款项汇交收款人的支付方式。常见的汇付种类有:
信汇M/T ( Mail Transfer )电汇T/T ( Telegraphic Transfer )票汇D/D(Demand Draft)
汇付的使用:
预付货款( Payment in Advance)
随定单付现C.W.O.(Cash with Order)
货到付现C.O.D.(Cash on Delivery)
凭单付现C.A.D.( Cash against Documents)
2.托收
托收( Collection)是出口方委托银行代收货款的结算方式。常见的托收种类有:
光票托收( Clean Collection)
跟单托收( Documentary Collection)
跟单托收按交单条件的不同,又可分为:
付款交单D/P(Documents against Payment)
承兑i#D/A(Documents against Acceptance)
3.信用证
信用证( Letter of Credit,L/C)是银行应开证申请人的要求或以自身的名义,向第三者开立的示诺在一定期限内凭规定的单据支付一定金额的书面文件。常见的信用证种类有:
光票/跟单信用证( Clean/Documentary L/C)
可/不可撤销信用证( Revocable/Irrevocable L/C)
保兑/不保兑信用证(Confirmed/Unconfirmed L/C)
即期/远期信用证( Sip::ht/Usance L/C)
可转让/不可转让信用证(Transferable/Non-transferable L/C)
循环信用证( Revolving L/C)
延期付款信用证( Deferred Payment L/C)
预支信用证( Anticipatory L/C)  对开信用证(Reciprocal L/C)
对背信用证( Back to Back L/C)

11.包装

1.惯用口语句子:

How are you going to pack this lot of tea set?
这批茶具你们打算怎样包装?
pack v. 包装
lot n. 一批
tea set“茶具”

We usually use cardboard cases for packing.
我们通常用纸板箱包装。
Our ready-made black tea is packed in cartons.
我们的成品红茶用纸盒包装。
cardboard n. 纸板
packing n. 包装,包装物
carton n. 纸盒,纸箱

We supply the fruit in strong export crates.
我们供应的水果采用坚固的出口用的篮筐包装。
The oil will be supplied in tins of 10 kilos net.
油用罐装,每罐净重10公斤。
supply v. 供应
crate n. 板条箱,柳条箱,篮筐

Please pack one TV set to a cardboard box, 4 sets to a wooden case suitable for export.
请把每台电视机用一个纸板箱装起来,每四台装一个木箱,要用适合出口用的那种箱子。
wooden n. 木头的,木制的
suitable a. 适合的

We'll have each of them packed with transparent material, ready for the display window.
我们将用透明材料单件包装,以便在橱窗展示。
transparent a. 透明的

The inner packing with a little bit of flower design is the best in our market.
内包装上带一点花卉图案,这样最适合我们的市场需要。
inner a. 内部的,里面的
inner packing“内包装”

As to the outer packing, we plan to use corrugated cardboard boxes.
至于外包装,我们计划用皱波纹纸板箱。
corrugated a. 起皱的,波状的,有沟纹的
outer packing“外包装”
as to的意思是“至于”,相当于“as for. concerning”等。

I want the most economical packing.
我要最经济的包装。
Please use durable packing.
请用耐用的包装。
economical a. 经济的,节约的
durable a. 结实的,耐用的,耐久的

2.实用对话

Packing包装问题

Buyer:  Can we make arrangements for shipping now?
买方:我们现在能安排一下运输的事情吗?
Seller: Sure. Do you have any special requirements concerning the packing of the garments you ordered?
卖方:好的。你们对所订购服装的包装有什么特殊要求吗?
Buyer:  Not really, no. The regular strong seaworthy packing will do.
买方:没有什么特别的要求。适合海洋运输的坚固的普通包装就可以。
Seller:  We just use usual packing methods. As for T-shirts and ladies pajamas, we'll have each of them packed with a
polythene wrapper, ready for the display window.
卖方:我们就用惯用的包装方法好了。至于T恤衫和女式睡衣,我们会用聚乙烯袋单件包装,这样方便做橱窗展示。
Buyer:  I think the inner packing with a little bit of flower design is the best in our market.
买方:我想内包装上带一点花卉图案最适合我们的市场需要。
Seller: That's a good idea! As to the outer packing, we plan to use corrugated cardboard boxes. The T-shirts will be packed
10 dozens to one carton, gross weight around 15 kilos. The ladies' pajamas will be packed 20 dozens to one carton, gross
weight around 25 kilos.
卖方:这个建议很好!至于外包装,我们计划用皱波纹纸板箱。T恤衫每箱装10打,毛重15公斤左右;女睡衣每箱装20打,毛重25公斤左右。
Buyer: I'm afraid cardboard boxes are not strong enough for transport by sea.
买方:这种纸板箱用于海运,恐怕不够结实吧。
Seller:  We,ii reinforce the boxes with straps and line them with plastic sheets.
卖方:我们会在纸板箱外面用带子加固,在里面装衬塑料膜。
Buyer:  Well, Mr. Chen, in this case, I have no problems with your shipping.
买方:这样的话,陈先生,我对你们的运输就没有什么问题了。

3.详细解说

1.“make arrangements for.”的意思是“为…做安排,安排…”,例如:The family are making arrangement for his wedding.(全家人正在为他的婚礼做安排。)
2.“as to”的意思是“至于,关于”,例如:As to correcting our homework the teacher always makes us do it ourselves.(至于批改
我们的作业,老师总是让我们自己改。)
3.“line”在本对话中是动词,意思是“给某物加衬里或做内衬”,例如:Line the drawers with paper before you use them.(把抽屉用
纸垫好再用。)

4.文化洗礼

12.运输

1.惯用口语句子:

Could you consider prompt shipment for this lot?
我们这批货能不能考虑即期装运?
consider v. 考虑
prompt a.立即的,即时的
shipment n. 装船,运货

Is it possible to effect shipment in April?
能不能在4月份装运?
Are you able to deliver within one month after receiving the order?
你们能在收到定单后一个月内交货吗?
Is it possible for you to make direct shipment to London from Guangzhou in March?
能在3月份从广州直运伦敦吗?
effect v. 实行,实现
deliver v. 送货,交付

How about making Hong Kong the port of shipment instead of Shantou?
不在汕头装船,在香港装船怎么样?
port n. 港口

Could you ship the goods all at once?
你们可以将货物一次装船吗?
Please ship the goods in one lot in May.
请在5月份将货物整批全部运过来。
all at once“一次,突然”

We can't accept your demand for direct shipment.
我们不能接受你们的直运要求。
demand n. 要求
direct shipment“直运”

You know, we need to get the goods ready, make out the documents and book shipping space. All these take time.
您知道,我们得备货、制单、订舱位。所有这些都需要时间。
document n. 文件,公文
make out“填写,书写”
shipping space“舱位”

I suggest we effect shipment in three equal lots from May.
我建议我们从5月份开始分相等的三批货进行装运。
I suggest we deliver the goods over three months - May, June and July.
我建议我们把货物分5、6、7三个月交付。

I suggest partial shipment be allowed.
我建议允许分批装运。
equal a. 平等的,相等的,均等的
partial a. 部分的,局部的

I propose multimodal transport.
我建议采取多式联运。
I propose combined transport.
我建议采取联合运输方式。
propose v. 连议,提议 a. 联合的
multimodal transport“多式联运”

2.实用对话

Shipment装运

Buyer: I'm quite satisfied with the leather shoes you produce in Guangzhou. Is it possible for you to make direct shipment to
London from Guangzhou in March?
买方:我对你们在广州生产的皮鞋很满意。能在3月份从广州直运伦敦吗?
Seller: I'm afraid not. There is only one direct liner from Guangzhou to Europe every two months. The next chance
is a Singapore bound steam ship in May.
卖方:恐怕不行。从广州到欧洲的直运班轮每两个月才一次。接下来的机会就是一艘5月份开往新加坡的轮船。
Buyer: But we are in urgent need of the shoes. Can we make trans-shipment through Singapore?
买方:可是我们急需这批鞋。能在新加坡转运吗?
Seller:  There are many thin  s that could go wrong.
卖方:这样有许多事情可能会出差错。
Buyer: If there's no alternative, we'll have to send a ship to Guangzhou.
买方:要是没有别的办法,我们只好派船来广州了。
Seller: I propose multimodal transport. The goods can be carried first by rail to Yantai and then by sea to London.
卖方:我建议采取多式联运。先用火车把货运到烟台,再用船运到伦敦。
Buyer:  The combined transport may cause a delay in shipment or even lose the goods completely. Besides, the formalities are
too complicated.
买方:联运很可能会引起运输延误甚至造成货品全部丢失。另外,手续也太复杂。
Seller: The facilities for shipping goods to European countries have changed a lot in the last few years. As to formalities,
we'll handle them at our end.
卖方:最近几年,出口到欧洲国家去的货物的装运设施条件已经改善多了。至于手续问题,由我们负责。
Buyer:  All right. You persuaded me.
买方:好吧。您把我说服了。

3.详细解说

1.“be in need of sth.”的意思是“需要或缺乏某物”,“in”和“need”之间还可以使用表示程度的形容词,例如:This project is in
urgent need of funding.(这个项目急需资金。)He is homeless and in desperate need of help.(他无家可归,急需帮助。)
2.“go wrong” 可以表示“出故障,出毛病,出羞错”,这时主语是物,例如:The television has gone wrong again. (电视机又出毛病了。)另外,“go wrong”还可以表示“(人)犯错误,做错事”,例如:If you read the instructions, you'll see where you went
wrong.(你要是看一下说明书,你就知道你错在哪儿了。)

4.文化洗礼

国际货物运输常用英文表达

国际贸易中,进出口商品的交付是通过各种运输方式来完成的。运输方式种类很多,各种运输方式都有其自身的特点和独特的经营方式,了解各种运输方式的英文表达,有着重要的意义。

 
 
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