12种不同类型的领导风格

12 Different Types of Leadership Styles
According to Research by asaecenter, leadership style is the way a person uses power to lead other people. Research has identified a variety of leadership styles based on the number of followers. The most appropriate leadership style depends on the function of the leader, the followers and the situation.
Some leaders cannot work comfortably with a high degree of followers’ participation in decision making. Some employers lack the ability or the desire to assume responsibility. Furthermore, the specific situation helps determine the most effective style of interactions. Sometimes leaders must handle problems that require immediate solutions without consulting followers.
What are Different Leadership Styles?
We have covered 12 different types of ways people tend to lead organizations or other people. Not all of these styles would deem fit for all kind of situations, you can read them through to see which one fits right to your company or situation.
12种不同类型的领导风格
根据asaecenter的研究，领导风格是一个人利用权力领导他人的方式。研究已经根据追随者的数量确定了各种领导风格。最合适的领导风格取决于领导、下属和形势的作用。
一些领导者在拥有大量追随者参与决策的情况下，无法轻松地工作。有些雇主缺乏承担责任的能力或愿望。此外，特定的情况有助于确定最有效的交互方式。有时候，领导者必须在不征求下属意见的情况下，立即解决问题。
领导风格有哪些不同?
我们已经涵盖了12种不同类型的方式，人们倾向于领导组织或其他人。不是所有的这些风格都适合所有的情况，你可以通读它们，看看哪一种适合你的公司或情况。
1. Autocratic Leadership

Autocratic leadership style is centered on the boss. In this leadership the leader holds all authority and responsibility. In this leadership, leaders make decisions on their own without consulting subordinates. They reach decisions, communicate them to subordinates and expect prompt implementation. Autocratic work environment does normally have little or no flexibility.

In this kind of leadership, guidelines, procedures and policies are all natural additions of an autocratic leader. Statistically, there are very few situations that can actually support autocratic leadership.

Some of the leaders that support this kind of leadership include: Albert J Dunlap (Sunbeam Corporation) and Donald Trump (Trump Organization) among others.
1。独裁式领导风格
独裁式领导风格以老板为中心。在这种领导下，领导拥有一切权力和责任。在这种领导下，领导不需要咨询下属就可以自己做决定。他们做出决定，与下属沟通，并期待迅速的执行。专制的工作环境通常很少或根本没有灵活性。
在这种领导方式中，指导方针、程序和政策都是专制领导的自然补充。从统计数据上看，真正支持专制领导的情况非常少。
支持这种领导方式的领导人包括:艾伯特·J·邓拉普(Sunbeam Corporation)和唐纳德·特朗普(Donald Trump Organization)等。
2. Democratic Leadership
In this leadership style, subordinates are involved in making decisions. Unlike autocratic, this headship is centered on subordinates’ contributions. The democratic leader holds final responsibility, but he or she is known to delegate authority to other people, who determine work projects.
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The most unique feature of this leadership is that communication is active upward and downward. With respect to statistics, democratic leadership is one of the most preferred leadership, and it entails the following: fairness, competence, creativity, courage, intelligence and honesty.
2。民主党领袖
在这种领导风格中，下属参与决策。与专制不同，这种领导是以下属的贡献为中心的。民主党领导人负有最终责任，但众所周知，他或她会将权力下放给其他人，由其他人决定工作项目。
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这种领导力最独特的特点是沟通是积极向上和向下的。在统计方面，民主领导是最受欢迎的领导之一，它包括以下几个方面:公平、能力、创造力、勇气、智慧和诚实。
3. Strategic Leadership Style

Strategic leadership is one that involves a leader who is essentially the head of an organization. The strategic leader is not limited to those at the top of the organization. It is geared to a wider audience at all levels who want to create a high performance life, team or organization.

The strategic leader fills the gap between the need for new possibility and the need for practicality by providing a prescriptive set of habits.  An effective strategic leadership delivers the goods in terms of what an organization naturally expects from its leadership in times of change. 55% of this leadership normally involves strategic thinking.
3.战略领导风格
战略领导是指一个领导者本质上是一个组织的领导。战略领导者并不局限于组织高层。它面向的是希望创建高性能生活、团队或组织的各级更广泛的受众。
战略领导者通过提供一套规定的习惯来填补新可能性和实用性之间的空白。一个有效的战略领导能够根据组织在变革时期对其领导的期望来交付产品。55%的领导力通常涉及战略思考。
4. Transformational Leadership

Unlike other leadership styles, transformational leadership is all about initiating change in organizations, groups, oneself and others.

Transformational leaders motivate others to do more than they originally intended and often even more than they thought possible. They set more challenging expectations and typically achieve higher performance.

Statistically, transformational leadership tends to have more committed and satisfied followers. This is mainly so because transformational leaders empower followers.
4所示。变革型领导
与其他领导风格不同的是，变革型领导完全是在组织、团体、自己和他人中发起变革。
变革型的领导者会激励其他人去做比他们原本计划要做的更多的事情，而且往往比他们认为可能做的还要多。他们设定了更具挑战性的期望，通常会取得更高的绩效。
从统计上看，变革型领导倾向于拥有更多忠诚和满意的追随者。这主要是因为变革型领导人赋予了追随者权力。
5. Team Leadership
Team leadership involves the creation of a vivid picture of its future, where it is heading and what it will stand for. The vision inspires and provides a strong sense of purpose and direction.
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Team leadership is about working with the hearts and minds of all those involved. It also recognizes that teamwork may not always involve trusting cooperative relationships. The most challenging aspect of this leadership is whether or not it will succeed. According to Harvard Business Review, team leadership may fail because of poor leadership qualities.
5。团队的领导
团队领导包括创造一个生动的画面，它的未来，它的方向和它将代表什么。视觉激发和提供了强烈的目的感和方向感。
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团队领导是与所有相关人员的心灵和思想一起工作。它还认识到，团队合作可能并不总是涉及信任合作关系。这种领导力最具挑战性的方面是它能否成功。根据《哈佛商业评论》的报道，团队领导可能会因为领导能力差而失败。
6. Cross-Cultural Leadership
This form of leadership normally exists where there are various cultures in the society. This leadership has also industrialized as a way to recognize front runners who work in the contemporary globalized market.

Organizations, particularly international ones require leaders who can effectively adjust their leadership to work in different environs. Most of the leaderships observed in the United States are cross-cultural because of the different cultures that live and work there.
6。跨文化领导
这种领导形式通常存在于社会中有各种文化的地方。这种领导力也被工业化作为一种方式来表彰那些在当代全球化市场上工作的领先者。
组织，尤其是国际组织，需要能够有效地调整领导以适应不同环境的领导者。在美国，大多数领导人都是跨文化的，因为他们生活和工作的文化不同。
7. Facilitative Leadership

Facilitative leadership is too dependent on measurements and outcomes – not a skill, although it takes much skill to master. The effectiveness of a group is directly related to the efficacy of its process. If the group is high functioning, the facilitative leader uses a light hand on the process.

On the other hand, if the group is low functioning, the facilitative leader will be more directives in helping the group run its process. An effective facilitative leadership involves monitoring of group dynamics, offering process suggestions and interventions to help the group stay on track.
7所示。使便利的领导
促进型领导过于依赖于衡量标准和结果——而不是一种技能，尽管它需要掌握很多技能。一个群体的有效性与其过程的有效性直接相关。如果团队的功能很好，那么这个辅助型领导就会在这个过程中表现得很轻松。
另一方面，如果团队功能低下，协调性领导者将在帮助团队运行过程中发挥更大的指导作用。有效的促进型领导包括监控团队动态，提供过程建议和干预措施，以帮助团队保持在正确的轨道上。
8. Laissez-faire Leadership
Laissez-faire leadership gives authority to employees. According to azcentral, departments or subordinates are allowed to work as they choose with minimal or no interference. According to research, this kind of leadership has been consistently found to be the least satisfying and least effective management style.
8。自由放任的领导
自由放任的领导赋予员工权力。根据azcentral的规定，部门或下属可以自由选择工作，不受干扰或干扰很小。根据研究，这种领导方式一直被认为是最不令人满意和最不有效的管理方式。
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9. Transactional Leadership

This is a leadership that maintains or continues the status quo. It is also the leadership that involves an exchange process, whereby followers get immediate, tangible rewards for carrying out the leader’s orders. Transactional leadership can sound rather basic, with its focus on exchange.

Being clear, focusing on expectations, giving feedback are all important leadership skills. According to Boundless.com, transactional leadership behaviors can include: clarifying what is expected of followers’ performance; explaining how to meet such expectations; and allocating rewards that are contingent on meeting objectives.
9。交易型领导
这是一个维持或延续现状的领导。领导阶层还涉及到交流的过程，在这个过程中，追随者们可以通过执行领导的命令获得即时的、有形的奖励。交易型领导听起来相当基础，其重点是交流。
明确、关注期望、给予反馈都是重要的领导技能。根据Boundless.com的调查，交易型领导行为包括:澄清对追随者表现的期望;解释如何满足这些期望;分配报酬时，要视目标的实现而定。
10. Coaching Leadership

Coaching leadership involves teaching and supervising followers. A coaching leader is highly operational in setting where results/ performance require improvement. Basically, in this kind of leadership, followers are helped to improve their skills. Coaching leadership does the following: motivates followers, inspires followers and encourages followers.
10。教练领导
指导领导包括教导和监督下属。在需要改进的结果/表现方面，教练领导是高度可操作的。基本上，在这种领导方式下，跟随者能够提高他们的技能。指导领导的作用如下:激励下属，激励下属，鼓励下属。
11. Charismatic Leadership
In this leadership, the charismatic leader manifests his or her revolutionary power. Charisma does not mean sheer behavioral change. It actually involves a transformation of followers’ values and beliefs.
Therefore, this distinguishes a charismatic leader from a simply populist leader who may affect attitudes towards specific objects, but who is not prepared as the charismatic leader is, to transform the underlying normative orientation that structures specific attitudes.
11。有魅力的领导
在这种领导中，有魅力的领导者表现出他或她的革命力量。魅力并不意味着完全的行为改变。它实际上涉及到追随者价值观和信仰的转变。
因此，这就将魅力型领导人与单纯的民粹主义领导人区分开来，后者可能会影响人们对特定对象的态度，但并不像魅力型领导人那样做好准备，转变构成特定态度的潜在规范取向。
12. Visionary Leadership
This form of leadership involves leaders who recognize that the methods, steps and processes of leadership are all obtained with and through people. Most great and successful leaders have the aspects of vision in them.
However, those who are highly visionary are the ones considered to be exhibiting visionary leadership. Outstanding leaders will always transform their visions into realities.
12。富有远见的领导
这种领导方式要求领导者认识到领导的方法、步骤和过程都是通过人来获得的。大多数伟大而成功的领导者都具有远见卓识。
然而，那些有远见卓识的人被认为具有远见卓识的领导才能。优秀的领导者总是把自己的愿景变成现实。