Unit3~4
&考点词汇
数词21 -999 , tell , sure , speak , some , poor, pet ,want , visit , lot , all , any ,doctor , mother , farmer , driver , cook , nurse , work , hospital , drive ,family , daughter , happy , teach , chicken , drink , juice , idea , water ,vegetable , take , order , ..something , wait , moment , breakfast , lunch,supper, dinner , kind , buy , try , hundred , need , heavy , worry , free , go, picnic , love , call , forget , bring , fun , afraid , time , carry , ask , elephant, quarter , show , clever , animal , get , way , wrong
&目标短语
help(sb.) with sth. 帮助某人做某事
noproblem 没问题
helpeach other 互相帮助
not...at all 一点也不，根本不
alot 很，非常;许多
alittle 一点点
verymuch 非常，很
athome 在家
havea seat 就座
ona farm 在农场
lookafter 照看，照顾
helponeself (to...) 请随便(吃点...... )
allright 行了,好吧;不客气
aglass of 一杯
goodidea 好主意
waita moment 等一等，等一会儿
somethingto drink 喝的东西
takeone's order 记下顾客点的菜
eatout 下馆子，出去吃饭
havedinner 吃饭
suchas例如
hereyou are 给你
bekind to sb. 对某人友好
beglad to do sth. 喜欢做某事
overthere 在那边
tryon 试穿
thinkof 认为，想起
thinkabout 考虑
dosome shopping 购物，买东西
buysth. for sb. 给某人买某物
befree 有空
gofor a picnic 野餐
tellsomebody about something 把某事告诉某人
gofishing/ shopping 去钓鱼/购物
haveto 不得不
speakto... 和……说话，向……说
callsb. back 给某人回电话
havea picnic 野餐
nexttime 下次
getup 起床
gohome 回家
havebreakfast/ lunch/ supper 吃早饭/午饭/晚饭
onone's way home 在某人回家的路上
&重点句型
1. —Excuseme , could you please tell me your name?
—Sure , my nameis Jane.
2. —Could you helpme with Chinese?
— No problem.
3. —Who is the letter from?
一It's from my pen pal , Sam.
4. —Whatdoes he say in the letter?
—He wants to visit the Great Wall.
5. —Doyou like English?
— Yes , I likeit very much/ a lot/ a little.
—No, I don'tlike it at all.
6. Doyou have any pets?
7. —Whatdoes your mother do?
—She is ateacher.
8. —Where do theywork?
—They work on afarm.
9. —Wouldyou like some eggs , Maria?
—No , thanks.I'd like some chicken.
10. —Why not havesome fish and eggs?
—Good idea!
11. —What do you usually have for breakfast , Michael?
一I usually have milk and bread for breakfast.
12. —MayI take your order , sir?
—Rice and chicken , please.
13.Help yourself to some fish.
14. —What can I do for you , madam?
一I want to buy some clothes for my daughter.
15. —CanI try it on?
—Sure.
16. —Howdo you like the pants?
一They're too long.
17. —What do you think of this green skirt?
—Oh, I don'tlike it at al1.
18. —Couldyou help me do some shopping, Ben?
一Sure. What do we need?
19. —Are you freethis Sunday?
—Yes. What's up?
20. 一Don't forget tobring your guitar.
—All right.
21. —May I speak to Maria?
—Oh , sorry. She isn't in now;
22. —Couldyou ask her to call me back this evening?
—Sure.
23. —Do you have timetomorrow?
—Yes.
24. —Let'smeet at 9 o'clock at my home.
—OK.
25.What's wrong with you?
26.It's time to go home.
27.It's very kind of you.
&功能意念
1.邀请
Wouldyou like to cook with us?
Youmust come to dinner with us.
May Iinvite you to dinner?
Steve, what/ how about flying a kite with me?
OK.Thank you. /I'd like that, thanks. / All right. /Good idea.
Yes ,I'd love to.
Thatwould be very nice. /No , thank you.
I'dlove to , but I'm afraid 1 have no time.
I'msorry I can't. /What about another time?
2.职业
Whatdo you do ? /What does he/ she do ?
Whatare you ? /What is he/ she ?
What'syour/his/her job?
Whatare you going to be?
I'ma(n) teacher/ doctor/ worker/ fanner/businessman/manager/office worker.
I'mgoing to be a scientist/ computer engineer.
3.时刻
Excuseme. What's the time , please?
Excuseme. What time is it?
Whendid you come to China ? 、
Whattime do you get up on weekdays ?
It's sixo'clock /half past one/ twenty to two/ a quarter past seven.
Icame to China in 1998.
I getup at 6:40 in the morning.
4.提供帮助
Doyou want me to clean the room ?
Can Ihelp you ?
Whatcan I do for you ?
Wouldyou like me to help you ?
Letme help you.
Yes,please/thanks. /Thank you. /That would be nice/fine. /Thank you for your(the)help.
No ,thanks/thank you.
Thankyou all the same.
That'svery kind of you , but I can manage it myself.
&语法精粹
1. 掌握人称代词的主格和宾格的用法。
2. 掌握do/does/would 引导的一般疑问句的结构和回答。
3. 掌握wh-和how 引导的特殊疑问句的结构和回答。
4. 掌握可数名词与不可数名词的用法。
5. 初步学习时间、时刻的表达法。
6. 学习一般现在时的用法。
&考点剖析
1. What does hesay in the letter? 他在信中写了什么呢?
say 在这里容易被学生用成write。在英语中，'信中写道'，'收音机报道'，'标志牌上写道'，'地图上标明'都可以用say。如:
Whatdoes the sign say? 标志写的是什么?
Theradio says it will rain later. 收音机报道晚些时候将会下雨。
2. Help yourselves.请随意。
helponeself to... 请随意吃……， to 后只能接食物名词;要根据说话对象确定反身代词的单复数形式。如:
'Helpyourselves to some chicken.' Mom said to my friends. '随便吃点鸡肉。'妈妈对我的朋友说。
3. May I takeyour order , sir? 先生，可以点菜了吗?
order在这里是名词'点菜;所点的菜肴饮料'的意思。此外，order还可以指'命令:顺序;订货
单'。如:
Pleaseput the sentences in a proper order. 请把这些句子按适当的顺序排列。
Thegeneral gave the order to advance. 将军下令前进。
【链接】order 作动词时，指'命令;订购;要求提供服务'。如:
They wereordered out of the class for fighting.他们因斗殴被勒令退出课堂。
ShallI order a taxi for you? 要我给你叫辆出租车吗?
4. May I helpyou , sir?先生，你要来点什么?
May Ihelp you ? 是主动提供帮助，随着情景场合的不同，其含义也就不一样。如果是在餐馆，服务员说May Ihelp you ? 可以译为'你要来点什么?';在商店时，又理解为'你要买什么呢?' 这种说法还有:
Can Ihelp you ?
Whatcan I do for you?
Can Ido something for you?
5. Why not tryon that pair? 为什么不试试那条(裤子)?
(1)Why not do sth. ? 是一种提出请求,表达建议的句型，注意not 后接动词原形;句子还可以改写为Why don't you dosth.?如:
Whynot go shopping with me ? = Why don't you go shopping with me? 和我一起去买东西怎么样?
(2)try on' 试穿'， on 是副词，接代词作宾语时，代词必须放在短语的中间;接名词作宾语时可以放在中间也可以放在短语后面。类似的短语还有:puton ,put away , throw away , take off , give up , turn on , turn off 等。如:
Your pantsare so dirty. Take them off and have a wash.
Puton your warm clothes. It's cold today.
(3)pair'一对，一双，一副'。常指成双、成对出现的物品，或由两个无法分开的部分组成的一个整体，常用的搭配有:
apair of socks/ gloves/ glasses/ scissors 一双袜子/一副手套/一副眼镜/一把剪刀
【链接】当this/that pairof...作主语时，谓语动词要用单数。如:
Thispair of pants fits me well. I'll take it.这条裤子很适合我，我买下了。
Thatpair of glasses is mine. 那副眼镜是我的。
6. Jane , whatdo you think of this green skirt? 简，你觉得这件绿色的裙子怎么样?
Whatdo you think of... ? '你认为……怎么样?'用来对某人、某物发表看法、作出评价，这种说法还可以用Howdo you like... ? 代替。如:
Whatdo you think of our school?= How do you like our school? 你认为我们的学校怎么样?
Ilove it very much. 我很喜欢它。
7. We need twokilos of apples and some salt.我们需要两公斤的苹果和一些盐。
need 在此意为'需要，必要'用作实义动词，后可跟名词、代词或不定式。如:
Doyou need any help ? 你需要帮助吗?
Ineeded to get some sleep. 我需要睡一会儿。
ChenDan needs to have a' rest , doesn't she ? 陈丹需要休息，不是吗?
【链接】(1) need 还可用作情态动词，意为'必要'后跟动词原形，其否定式为need not ，意为'没有必要'。如:
Need Ipay the money now? 我必须现在付钱吗?
Youneedn't .finish the work today. 你不必今天就完成这项工作。
(2) 另外, need 还可作名词，意思为'必须，必要'。如:
Thereis no need for you to get up so early. 你没有必要起得这么早。
8. Would youlike to go to West Hill for a picnic? 你愿意去西山野炊吗?
Wouldyou like to... ? 意为'你愿意做......吗?'通常用来邀请别人参与某项活动。如:
Wouldyou like to go for a walk with me ? 你愿意与我一起去散步吗?
9. Could you askher to call me back this evening? 请你转告她今晚给我回电话好吗?
(1)Could you... ? 意:为'请你……好吗?' , could在这里不表示过去时，只是表达一种委婉、客气的请求语气。如:
Couldyou help me ? 请你帮帮忙好吗?
Couldyou tell me about it? 请你把那件事告诉我好吗?
(2)call sb. back 给某人回电话
10. —What time is it? 几点了?
—It's 9 o'clock. 九点整。
Whattime is it? 意为'几点啦?'，用来询问时间。相当于What's the time?回答时，如果时间恰好是整点，那么在表达时可以在时间点后面加上o'clocko如:
七点整It's seveno'clock.
八点整It's eighto'clock.
【链接】若时间是几点几分，那么就有两种表达方法:
(1)'It's 时钟数 分钟数'表达法。如:
7: 10It's seven ten.
9: 30It's nine thirty.
12:55 It's twelve fifty-five.
(2) 当分钟是在1 -30 分之间时，就用'It's (60减所给分钟数)分钟数 past 小时数'。如:
7: 10It's ten past seven.
8: 15It's fúteenpast eight. 或It'sa quarter past eight.
9: 30It's thirty past nine. 或It'shalf past nine.
若分钟是在31 -59 分时，则用'It's (60 减去所给的)分钟数 to (所给小时之后的)小时数'。如:
10:45 It's fifteen to eleven. 或It'sa quarter to eleven.
12:55 It's five to one.
注意: (1)一些学生受汉语表达的影响，最容易把8:05 错写成It's eight pastfive 。应该是It'sfive past eight.
11:35 错写成: It'sthirty-five past eleven. 或It's thirty-fiveto eleven. 或It'stwenty-five to eleven. 应该写为:It's twenty-five to twelve.
(2)What time 还用于询问某动作发生的时间。如:
What time do youget up every day?
回答时用at 引出时间。At half past six.
11. It's time togo home. 该回家了。
It'stime to do sth. 译为'该做某事了'。如:
It'stime to go to school/have lunch. 该去上学了/吃午饭了。
【链接】若后面是名词，则用It's time for 名词。如:
It'stime for school/ lunch/ bed. 该上学了/吃午饭了/上床睡觉了。
&细比细看
1. some/any
(1) Would you like _________ more rice?
(2) Iwant to buy an MP4 , but I don't have _________ money.
(3) 一When shall I goto your home?
一________day is OK.
(4 )There are _________ holes in the wall.
【分析比较】some 和any 都可表示'一些'的意思， some 常用于肯定句中， any 常用于否定句和疑问句中。需要注意的是:在表示请求的疑问句中要用some; any 用于肯定句时，指'任何的'。 (1)题意为'你想再来些米饭吗?'表示请求;(4) 题意为'墙上有些洞。'是肯定句，故(1)、(4) 用some。 (2) 题意为'我想买个MP4，但我没什么钱了。'(3) 题意为'我什么时候可以去你家?' '任何一天都可以。'故(2) 和(3) 用any 。
2. That's allright/ All right/ That's right.
(1)—Sorry , I'mlate. 一__________.
(2) 一I think Englishis useful. 一_________.
(3) 一Let's go for awalk. 一__________.
【分析比较】That'sall right.是回答'道歉'用语，意为'没关系'。有时可用来回答'感谢'意为'不客气'。 (1)题意为'对不起，我迟到了。'表示抱歉，故选That's allright.
Allright.表示赞同，同意对方的建议或主张，意为'好吧。'相当于OK。另外，可以表示身体健康，相当于fine。 (3) 题意为'我们去散散步吧。'表示建议，故选All right.
That'sright. 表示同意对方观点，意为'正确'有时用You're right. 还可以省略为Right. (2)'我认为英语很有用。'表示观点，故选That's right.
3. bring/take
(1)Don't put the box here. _________ it there.
(2)Don't forget to _________ your homework to our class tomorrow.
【分析比较】bring意为'带来，取来'。 (2) 题意思是'别忘了明天把你们的家庭作业带到课堂上来故填bring。
take 意为'拿走，带走'。 (1)题意为'别把箱子放在这儿。把它拿到那儿去'故填Take。
4. tell /say/ speak/talk
(1)The woman is __________ to the headmaster.
(2)The radio __________ it will rain tomorrow.
(3)Uncle Wang is _________ at the meeting now.
(4)Father often _________ stories to the children.
(5) Canshe _________ Japanese?
【分析比较】tell 作为'讲述，告诉常见用法有: tell sb. sth./tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事， tellsb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事， tellsb. about sth. 把某事告诉某人， tella story讲故事， telljokes 讲笑话等。(4) 题意为'爸爸经常给孩子们讲故事。'表示讲述，故填tells 。
say有'说，讲'的含义，侧重于说、讲的内容，后面常接直接引语或间接引语，引出说话的具体内容。如:
Hesays, 'I'm twelve. ' 他说'我十二岁了。'
Hesays he is twelve. 他说他十二岁了。
(2) 题意为'收音机报道明天有雨。'表示报道的内容，故填says.
speak也有'说，讲'之意，但它侧重于说、讲的动作，不强调内容，speak to 有'与……通话'的意思。如: May 1 speak toMary?我能和玛丽讲话吗?其次，speak 后面可以接表示语言的名词，意为'会说……语言'。 (3) 题意为'王伯伯正在会上发言'。表示说的动作，故填speaking. (5)题意为'她会说日语吗?'表示会说，故填speak 。
talk 作不及物动词，侧重于讲、说的对象。
常与介词构成短语。如: talk about 谈论关于…的内容， talk with 与……交谈(两方的谈话都顾及) , talk to 与……交谈(侧重一方的谈话)。 (1)题意为'那妇女正在与校长交谈'。表示交谈，根据时态，故填talking。
5. both/ all
(1)We're__________ good friends of Kangkang's.
(2)They __________ like English.
(3) ___________my parents are teachers.
(4) ___________of them went to the park yesterday.
(5) ___________my plants have died.
(6)He has lost _________ his money.
(7)He has worked hard _________ year.
【分析比较】both'两者都'放在be 动词或助动词之后，行为动词之前。故(1)和(2) 选both。both也可修饰名词或代词，故(3) 也选Both 。
all'三者(含以上)都'后接复数名词;也可接不可数名词，指'所有;全部'。 (4) 既可选Both ，又可选All。名词前均可用the , this , that , my , her 等修饰。故(5) 选All , (6) 选all 。
all 还能与单数名词连用，表示某事在某段时间内持续发生，意为'全部的;整个的'。故(7) 选all 。
6.look/see/watch/read
(1)We_________ some trees near the river.
(2) _________Thereis a bird in the tree.
(3) Sheis _________ a football match.
(4) I________ a piece of newspaper every day.
(5) ________at the picture. There is a boat in the river.
【分析比较】 look, see , watch 和read 都可译作'看'但用法不同。
look 是不及物动词。表示'看'的意思时，强调'看'的动作，一商量指有意地看，使视线接触到人或物。其后不能直接跟宾语，跟宾语时，必须加介词at。 (2) 题意为'看!树上有一只鸟。'(5) 题意为'请看图画，河里有一条小船。'两者都只强调'看'的动作。故选look 。
see 是及物动词。表示'看见'的意思，强调'看'的结果，看见了人或物。(1)题意为'我们看见河边有些树。'表示看见的内容，故选see 。
watch是及物动词，是指有目的地或特意地'观看、注视'。 (3) 题意为'她正在看足球赛。'表示'观看'故选watching。
read 是及物动词。主要指'看(读)书、报纸、杂志等'强调'读'。 (4) 题意为'我每天都要看一份报纸。'表示'读'故选read 。
7. family /home /house/room
(1)Lastweek they moved to a new _______·
(2) Ihear he has no ________·
(3) My_________ is a happy one.
(4)Is there enough _________ for me in the car?
【分析比较】前三个词都可译作'家'但用法不同。
family侧重于'家庭'有两种含义:一种是指社会结构的家庭，是集体名词;另一种是指由父母、子女组成的家庭，强调家庭中的成员。 (3) 的意思是'我有一个幸福的家。'强调家庭，故选family 。
home 的意思是'家，住所'指一个人(或一些人)居住的地方，包括住所的家具和其他设备，有时还指出生地。
如: My home is in5hanghai. 我的家在上海。(2)的意思是'我听说他没有家。'强调住所，故选home。
house为'家'的意思，侧重于房子、建筑物。(1)的意思是'上星期他们搬了新家。'指房子，故选house 。
room 作可数名词时，意思是'房间'作不可数名词时，意为'空间'。 (4) 题意思是'车上有足够的空间让我上去吗?'，故选room。
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