英文原文：
SEX DIFFERENCES IN THE QT INTERVAL
Sex differences in ventricular repolarization patterns between women and men have been studied extensively. They are important as they have direct implications for susceptibility to ventricular arrhythmias. It has been shown that a longer QT interval and a lower T-wave amplitude, which reflect a longer duration of repolarization, are present on the surface ECGs of women as compared to men (Figure 16.1).
翻 译
QT间期的性别差异
女性和男性之间心室复极模式的性别差异已被广泛研究。研究这些差异有重要意义，因为它们对室性心律失常的易感性有直接影响。 研究显示与男性相比，女性的体表ECG上QT间期更长、T波振幅更低，这反映了女性的心室复极时间更长（图16.1）。
图 16.1. 女性和男性的V3导联形态。两条水平线分别表示Q-Q线和J点水平与Q-Q平行的水平线。箭头所示为J点; 短竖线标记J点后60 ms的点; 斜线将J点与上述点连接。A.女性形态：J点处于Q-Q线的水平，ST角度为19度。B.男性形态：J点在Q-Q线上方> 0.1 mV，ST角为36度。经过允许修改。
英文原文：
Bidoggia et al measured repolarization in 27 castrated men, 26 women with virilization syndromes,and 53 control subjects pair-matched for age and sex. The study reported delayed repolarization in castrated men compared to normal men and shorter and faster repolarization in women with virilization compared to normal women and castrated men.Sex differences in QT duration become apparent from the time of puberty and subside after the age of 50 (Table 16.2, Figure 16.2).The QT interval shortens during puberty in boys, and this difference persists through early adulthood. This age-related change, along with Bidoggia’s findings, suggests that testosterone may contribute to sex differences in QT duration. At the receptor level, androgen receptors have been identified in the ventricles, and androgen receptor mRNA has been identified in infant male and female human right ventricles, suggesting its involvement in repolarization.
翻 译
Bidoggia等测量了27名去势男性、26名患男性化综合征的女性和53名年龄和性别匹配的对照受试者的复极情况。该研究发现与正常男性相比，去势男性的复极化延迟。与去势男性相比，男性化的女性复极更短、更快。QT间期的性别差异从青春期开始变明显，50岁以后开始消退（表16.2，图16.2）。男孩从青春期开始QT间期缩短，这种差别在成年早期持续存在。这种与年龄有关的变化与Bidoggia的发现共同表明睾酮可能是导致QT间期性别差异的原因。在受体水平上，心室中已经被证实存在雄激素受体，在男女性婴幼儿的右心室中也已经被证实存在雄激素受体mRNA，表明其参与复极。
图 16.2. 9岁年龄组女性和男性的平均 QTc。经过允许后修改。
（翻译：王彦江；校对：姜运秋）
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