Want to learn yoga, but don’t know where to start? Sadhguru answers some common questions from “yoga beginners.”
想学瑜伽，却不知从何处下手？请听萨古鲁解答瑜伽初学者的一些常见问题。
1. What is yoga and what is the role of asanas in yoga? What do we seek to achieve through yoga?
1. 什么是瑜伽？瑜伽体式的作用是什么？通过瑜伽我们能获得什么？
Sadhguru: Yoga is not an exercise form as is commonly misunderstood today. “Yoga” literally means union. Modern science proves that the whole existence is just one energy – but you are not experiencing it that way. If you can break this illusion that you are separate, and experience the oneness of existence, that is yoga. To lead you towards this experience, there are various methods. Asanas are one aspect.
萨古鲁：瑜伽不是现今人们所普遍误解的一种锻炼形式。瑜伽的字面意思是“合一”。现代科学证实整个存在只是同一股能量，但这还并非你的体验。如果你能打破“你与万物分离”的假象，经验到“整个存在是一体”的话，那就是瑜伽。有很多方法可以带你进入这种体验，瑜伽体式便是其中一种。
There are other dimensions to this, but to put it simply, if you observe yourself, when you are angry, you sit one way. If you are happy, you sit another way. If you are depressed, another way. For every level of consciousness or mental and emotional situation you go through, your body tends to take certain postures. The converse of this is the science of asanas. If you consciously get your body into different postures, you can elevate your consciousness. Understanding the mechanics of the body, creating a certain atmosphere, and using the body to drive your energy in specific directions is what yogasanas are about.
瑜伽体式有着多种维度，但就简单而言，如果你观察你自己，在你生气的时候，你的身体呈一种坐姿；在你高兴的时候，你的身体呈另一种坐姿；情绪低落的时候，又是另一种坐姿。对于你所处在的每一种意识或心智状态，你的身体常常会呈现出某种特定的姿势。反之亦然——而这就是体式的科学。如果你有意识地让自己的身体处于不同姿势，你就能提升你的意识。瑜伽体式就是关于了解身体的运作机制，在内在创造一定的氛围，使用身体将你的能量往特定方向引导。
2. There are several yoga gurus offering yoga teaching certificates. But in its true form, how is procedure of becoming a yoga teacher?
2.如今有一些瑜伽古鲁发放瑜伽教师资格证书。但就真正的瑜伽而言，怎样才能成为一名瑜伽老师？
Sadhguru: Yoga is a subjective technology, not an objective technology. Whether someone comes for relief from backache, or to explore mystical dimensions, initially, we teach the same thing because it is the change in subjectivity that makes the same device do different things for different people.
萨古鲁：瑜伽是一种主观技术，而非客观技术。无论人们来学瑜伽是为解除背痛，还是为探索神秘的维度，一开始我们都是教授相同的东西，因为正是瑜伽技术的主观性才使得同样的工具却能在不同的人身上产生不同的效果。
So, when something is placed in your hands that is far more profound than you are able to grasp right now, it is important that you keep yourself in a certain way – the person sitting in front of you is a more important life than yourself. This is known as upasana. Upasana means you are not sitting on the main seat, you take a side seat in your own life within yourself. For one who wishes to impart yoga, the most important thing is to stand aside – to be there but to stand away. If you can do this, then dimensions beyond your understanding and experience will open up. And this is a great blessing because if you can do something way beyond yourself, that is the greatest thing for any human being.
所以，当某个比你现在所能理解的要深刻得多的东西置于你手中时，很重要的一点是你必须让自己处在某种状态——即，那个坐在你面前的人比你自己的生命更为重要。这被称作upasana。upasana意思是，在你的内在，你的生命不是首要的，而是次要的。对于那些想要传授瑜伽的人而言，最重要的就是你必须站在边上——你在那儿但是你是站在边上。如果你能做到这一点，那个超越你所能理解和体验的维度才能打开。这是一个莫大的福，因为如果你能做完全超越自己的事情，这对于任何人来说都是最非凡的。
3. Today, there is social media, YouTube and other mediums that teach yoga while the viewer sits at home. Is it safe to pursue yoga in such manner?
3. 今天，我们有YouTube这样的社交媒体，让人们坐在家里就能学到瑜伽。以这种方式学习瑜伽安全吗？
Sadhguru: Yoga needs to be handled in an extremely committed atmosphere because it is a tremendous tool for transformation. If something has the power to transform, it also has the power to cause damage if mishandled.
萨古鲁：瑜伽需要在一种极其严谨的氛围中教授，因为它是一个非凡的转化工具。如果某样东西有着转化的力量，若使用不当的话它亦有着摧毁的力量。
However, there is something called upa-yoga, which gives you physical and psychological benefits but doesn’t touch the spiritual dimension. Upa-yoga does not demand that level of commitment nor does it cause any problem if you do it improperly because you cannot do it improperly – it is very simple!
但是，有一种叫乌帕瑜伽的工具，它既能给人的生理和心理带来益处，但同时又尚未触及灵性维度。乌帕瑜伽既不需要那种程度的严谨，练习不当也不会造成损伤，因为你无法练习不当——它是那样的简单！
In Indian vernacular languages, the word upayoga, has come to mean something useful, but actually it means sub-yoga or pre-yoga. This can be learnt in five minutes. You can practice it anywhere and the benefits are quite immense. Upa-yoga is a safe way to take yoga to the world large-scale. Once people experience the benefits, they will naturally seek yoga in a more serious manner, and that is when yoga should come into their lives.
乌帕瑜伽这个词在印度方言中指的是某个有用的东西，但实际上它的意思是“半瑜伽”或“预备瑜伽”。乌帕瑜伽可以在五分钟内学成，你可以在任何地方习练它，而它的好处是显而易见的。想要在这个世界大规模地传播瑜伽，乌帕瑜伽是一种安全的切入方式。因为人们一旦体验到了它的好处，就会很自然地寻求更深入地了解瑜伽，此时就是瑜伽进入他们生命的良机。
4. Yoga has gained tremendous exposure outside of India, but it has also given birth to other yoga practices such as pool yoga or neon yoga. How does this affect the practice of yoga?
4. 现今瑜伽已在印度之外获得广泛关注，甚至还出现了水瑜伽或霓虹瑜伽这样的练习形式。这样做会影响瑜伽的练习效果吗？
Sadhguru: There will always be enterprise around whatever becomes reasonably popular. We should not be distracted or disturbed by these. Are they teaching it properly? There are question marks about it. Some of them are teaching it properly, some are not. These manifestations are a result of the commercial process. But it is only on the surface that these distortions are happening here and there. The core of yoga is not disturbed in any way.
萨古鲁：总是会有一些人流行什么就拿什么牟利。我们不应被这些事情干扰而分心。他们是在以恰当的方式教授瑜伽吗？这是个问题。有些是以恰当的方式教授，有些不是。这些情况的出现是瑜伽商业化的一个结果。但这样的扭曲只是在表面发生着，瑜伽的核心从未被动摇过。
5. There are many institutions offering yoga classes. How can one identify a true yoga guru?
5. 现在有很多机构提供瑜伽课程。人们如何来鉴别真正的瑜伽古鲁？
Sadhguru: There is no such thing as a true guru and a false guru. It is just that there are “spiritual entrepreneurs”. There used to be a quality control in spiritual movements in the past, but after being an occupied nation for 1000 years, these things are gone today in India. So there are lots of funny things happening, but what you have to do is evaluate whether it works for you or not. What is offered to you, put it into your life – if it works, keep it, if it doesn’t work, throw it and look for something else.
萨古鲁：没有所谓的真假古鲁的分别，有的只是“灵性企业家”罢了。印度过去的灵性运动中有着严格的质量控制，但在被侵占了1000年之后，质量控制已从这个国家消失了。所以现在会有很多可笑的事发生。你要做的就是评估它对你是否管用。无论教给你什么，在生活中习练它——如果它管用，保持下去；如果不管用，丢掉它，另寻他法。
6. There is so much talk about yoga but how can one follow the path of yoga in its true form?
6. 有太多关于瑜伽的典籍和探讨。一个人该如何追寻真正的瑜伽道路呢？
Sadhguru: Yoga is not a morning-evening kind of practice. There is a practice but that is not the only aspect. Every aspect of your life, the very way you walk, breathe, interact – everything should become a process of yoga. Nothing is excluded from this.
萨古鲁：瑜伽不是什么早一次晚一次之类的练习。练习固然要做，但练习不是瑜伽的全部。你生活的每一个部分——你如何走路，如何呼吸，如何与外界交流互动——一切都应该成为一个瑜伽的过程。没有什么可以被排除在瑜伽之外。
Yoga is not something that you do. Yoga is something that you become. It is not an act, it is a quality. If you cultivate your body, mind, emotions and energies to a certain level of maturity, a certain quality arises within you. That is yoga. Do the practices bring that quality? Definitely, but we do not teach it as some kind of an act that you do only for a few minutes a day.
瑜伽不是你所做的，瑜伽是你所成为的。它不是一种行动，而是一种品质。如果你培养你的身体、头脑、情绪和能量至一定程度的成熟，某种品质就会在你内在产生。这就是瑜伽。练习会带来这种品质吗？当然，但我们不是把它作为一个每天做几分钟即可的运动来教授。
If you take care of your garden well, there are flowers. In the same way, if you take care of what you call “myself” well, flowers will bloom. That means, being peaceful, happy or joyful is not determined by anything outside of you, it is determined by you. This is something that every human being must do to himself. Yoga is a subjective tool for this to happen.
如果你悉心照料你的花园，花儿就会开放。同样地，如果你悉心照料你所称之为“我自己”的这个花园，花儿也会开放。这意味着，变得平静、幸福或快乐不再取决于你之外的任何东西，它取决于你自己。这是每个人类都必须要为自己做的事。瑜伽就是使之发生的一个主观的工具。
Love&Grace,
Sadhguru
爱与恩典
萨古鲁
原文链接：
isha.sadhguru.org/yoga/yoga_articles_yoga/how-to-do-yoga/
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