1、It therefore becomes more and more important that, if students are not to waste their opportunities, there will have to be much more detailed information about courses and more advice。
全句共有三个谓语结构,包含三层含义:A. ……变的越来越重要;B. 如果要使学生充分利用他们的机会;C. 得为他们提供大量更为详尽的信息,作更多的指导。为了使译文符合汉语的表达习惯,可采用逆序法。
因此,如果要使学生充分利用他们(上大学)的机会,就得为他们提供大量关于课程的更为详尽的信息,作更多的指导。这个问题显得越来越重要了。
2、But now it is realized that supplies of some of them are limited, and it is even possible to give a reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life”, the time it will take to exhaust all known sources and reserves of these materials。
that引导主语从句以及并列的it is even possible to …结构,其中,不定式作主语,the time …是“expectation of life”的同位语,进一步解释其含义,而time后面的句子是它的定语从句。五个谓语结构表达了四个层次的意义:A. 可是现在人们意识到;B. 其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的;C. 人们甚至还可以比较合理地估计出这些矿物质“可望存在多少年”;D. 将这些已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽的时间。根据同位语从句的翻译方法,把第四层意义的表达作适当的调整:
可是现在人们意识到,其中有些矿物质的蕴藏量是有限的,人们甚至还可以比较合理的估计出这些矿物质“可望存在多少年”,也就是说,经过若干年后,这些矿物的全部已知矿源和储量将消耗殆尽。
3、Television, it is often said, keeps one informed about current events, allow one to follow the latest developments in science and politics, and offers an endless series of programs which are both instructive and entertaining.
本句包括:插入语“it is often said”,三个并列的谓语结构和一个定语从句,其中三个并列的谓语结构属于同一个句子,但都有独立的意义,翻译时,可以采用分句法,按照汉语的习惯把整个句子分解成几个独立的分句:
人们常说,通过电视可以了解时事,掌握科学和政治的最新动态。从电视里还可以看到层出不穷、既有教育意义又有娱乐性的新节目。
4、People were afraid to leave their houses, for although the police had been ordered to stand by in case of emergency, they were just as confused and helpless as anybody else。
三层含义:A:人们不敢出门;B:尽管警察已接到命令,要作好准备以应付紧急情况;C:警察也和其他人一样不知所措和无能为力。这三层含义中,B表示让步,C表示原因,而A则表示结果。
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