功能理论介绍+每个功能态度的更多细节描述

Intro to Function Theory + More Detailed Descriptions of Each Function Attitude
功能理论介绍+每个功能态度的更多细节描述

The function descriptions in the stickies here are okay, but don't seem to go into a lot of depth or give many examples. I will attempt to improve them here. Sorry if any of this is repeated from stuff that's been posted before; I just tried to cover everything.
这里发布的一些功能描述很不错，但好像没有足够深入或者给出一些例子。我将尝试着在这里完善下。如果与这里以前发的资料有所重复我表示歉意。我只是想涉及到所有的方面。

Jung observed two types of general cognition: Perception (taking in information) and Judgment (making decisions/evaluating it.)
荣格发现了两个类型的普遍认知：感知（摄入信息）和判断（做决定/评估）

He said that there are two styles of Perception: Sensing (which deals with immediate, concrete, tangible sensory impressions) and iNtuition (which deals with abstract patterns and relationships between things or ideas, and other non-tangible information.)
他说存在着两个类型的知觉：感觉（与直觉的，具体的，可触摸的感官感觉有关）和直觉（与事物或者观念之间的抽象模式或者联系，以及其他无形的信息有关）

There are also two styles of Judgment: Thinking (which deals with impersonal logic and structure) and Feeling (which deals with personal/interpersonal ethics and morality.)
也有两个类型的判断：思考（与客观逻辑与结构相关）和情感（与个人/人际的道德与伦理相关）

Furthermore, each of these four processes can be directed inwardly (introverted), which means it's conceptualized subjectively in terms of the self, or externally (extroverted), which means it's conceptualized objectively in terms of not-self.
此外，这四个功能里的每一个都可以指向内部世界（内向），那意味着按照自我的主观标准进行概念化。或者指向外部世界（外向），那意味着按照非自我的客观标准进行概念化。
（译者注：查了下概念化的意思，找到两个，不知道能否理解。
1.概念化是指以概念命名的方式,将对象中的异质物排除于思维之外,对象被认识和思考到,只是因为它被主体以固定不变的方式所规定,而这种规定是依照社会关系中已经形成的物化逻辑
2.概念化Conceptualization，则意味著将隐喻的心理图像转换成清楚的概念。
我认为这里的概念化的意思和第二个说法比较接近，将体验经验等转换成思维素材的方式。）

Introverted attitudes view the outer world in terms of the self's subjective ideal, so they attempt to make the outer world more like the inner self. Their focus is deeper but less expansive--they can see all the implications of one idea at a time.
内向态度会按照自我的主观设想看待外部世界，所以他们会试图使外部世界变得与内在的自我更相似。他们的关注点更富有深度但缺乏广度---他们可以每次看到每个观念的所有含义。

Extroverted attitudes view the inner world in terms of the non-self's objective ideal, so they attempt to make the inner self more like the outer world. Their focus is broader but more shallow--they can see a wide range of different information at once, but in less detail.
外向态度会按照非自我的客观设想来看待内部世界，所以他们会试图使内在的自我变得与外部世界更相似。他们的关注点更富有广度但是更浅薄一点---他们可以同时看到一个广阔范围里的不同信息，但缺乏细节。

(For example, Ne can see the next few steps down many different paths at once, but Ni sees all the way to the end of one path at a time.)
（举个例子，Ne可以同时看到许多不同的路径接下来要走的几步，但Ni每次看到的是通往一条路径终点的所有方法）

So, we can derive two kinds of extroverted perception (Pe): Ne and Se (extroverted iNtuition/extroverted Sensing)
And two kinds of introverted perception (Pi): Ni and Si (introverted iNtuition/introverted Sensing)

所以，我们可以获得两种外倾知觉(Pe):Ne与Se（外倾直觉/外倾感觉）
以及两种内倾知觉(Pi):Ni与Si（内倾直觉/内倾感觉）

And two kinds of extroverted judgment (Je): Te and Fe (extroverted Thinking/extroverted Feeling)
And two kinds of introverted judgment (Ji): Ti and Fi (introverted Thinking/introverted Feeling)
以及两种外倾判断（Je）：Te与Fe（外倾思考/外倾情感）
以及两种内倾判断（Ji）：Ti与Fi（内倾思考/内倾情感）

Each of these eight functions represents a complete worldview or attitude about life, the self, the outer world the relationship between them. As you learn you will start to see these value systems at work everywhere in everyone all the time, influencing all of their behaviors and ideas so profoundly that most people are entirely unaware of their own biases. As I said, think of them as lenses that color your perceptions/judgments to a far greater extent than you may even realize.
这八个功能的每一个都代表着它们之间关于生命，自我，外部世界，人际关系等完整的世界观或者态度。当你学习了它们，你会开始发现这些价值体系在任何地点任何人身上每时每刻都在起作用，深深地影响着他们的行为和观念以至于大多数人对他们自己的偏见浑然不觉。正如我所说，把它们想象成镜头，能为你的知觉/判断染上色，而且远远超过你所能意识到的程度。

The E/I and P/J letters in Myers-Briggs types are not actually cognitive functions; they simply tell us which directions our functions (S/N and T/F) are oriented and which ones are dominant.
E/I和P/J字母在Myers-Briggs类型里实际上并不是认知功能；它们只是简单告诉我们，我们的功能（S/N和T/F）倾向于哪个方向以及哪一个是主导。

P/J tells us which of our two primary attitudes is extroverted, so if you are xxxP then you prefer Ne/Se with Ti/Fi; if you are xxxJ then you prefer Ni/Si with Te/Fe.
P/J维度告诉我们，我们两个主要的态度功能哪一个是外倾的，所以如果你是xxxP你选择Ne/Se与Ti/Fi;如果你是xxxJ你选择Ni/Si与Te/Fe.

I/E tells us which of those two attitudes is dominant. If you are IxxP your Ti/Fi is dominant and your Ne/Se is secondary (ExxP is the reverse.) If you are IxxJ, your Ni/Si is dominant and Te/Fe is secondary (ExxJ is the reverse.)
I/E维度告诉我们，我们两个主要的功能哪个是主导的。如果你是IxxP你的Ti/Fi是主导，Ne/Se是第二功能（ExxP反过来。）如果你是IxxJ，你的Ni/Si是主导，Te/Fe是第二功能（ExxJ反过来。）

So, for dominant/secondary attitudes:
所以，关于主导功能/第二功能 如下：

Ne = xNxP
Se = xSxP
Ni = xNxJ
Si = xSxJ

Te = xxTJ
Fe = xxFJ
Ti = xxTP
Fi = xxFP

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Now, on to the functional attitudes...first, the extroverted Perception (Pe) attitudes. These are dominant for ExxP types, secondary for IxxP, tertiary for ExxJ and inferior for IxxJ:
现在，来看看功能倾向....首先，外倾感知倾向(Pe)。这些是EXXP的主导功能,IXXP的辅助功能，EXXJ的第三功能，IXXJ的第四功能。

Ne, or extroverted iNtuition, is dominant for ENxP, secondary for INxP, tertiary for ESxJ and inferior for ISxJ. It is an outwardly exploratory attitude that encourages us to change, reinvent and experiment with the external world in order to find new and interesting combinations and patterns. Ne looks for novel outcomes and imagines how the things around you could be changed into other, more interesting things. Ne sees new information as part of a larger, emerging, as of yet unseen pattern that extends far beyond the self, and whose meaning will continue to change as the context grows and we discover more of the all-encompassing pattern. Rather than directly confront an issue, Ne will often broaden the context until the issue seems insignificant by comparison to the much bigger and more expansive ideas it imagines.
Ne，或者叫做外倾直觉，是ENXP的主导功能，INXP的辅助功能，ESXJ的第三功能，ISXJ的第四功能。这种向外探索的态度激励我们去改变，改造，尝试外部世界，以发现新的有趣的组合和模式。Ne寻找着戏剧性的结局，想象你周围的事情如何改变成其他样子，变得更加有趣。Ne将新的信息看做是众多，浮出水面的一部分，包涵在远远超越本身的潜在模式中。这些意味着随着背景信息的增加和我们发现更多的全方位的模式，改变将一直持续，而不是直接面对问题。Ne常常会扩大背景信息，直到出现更大，更有价值的想法出现。

As with all extroverted functions, Ne needs to be validated by external/objective information to have meaning. So Ne users will often have many ideas very quickly but not know if they're good until they hear other people's reactions to them, or have a chance to experiment and see what happens. Ne wants very badly to be understood and appreciated by others. Note that Ne songwriters (e.g. Brandon Boyd, ENFP) will typically write enough context clues and such into their work that you can put the pieces together and infer what they were thinking when they wrote it. They want others to put the pieces together and get it.
像所有外倾功能一样，Ne需要通过使那些外在/客观的信息有意义来发挥效用。因此Ne的使用者常常迅速的想到许多想法，但是除非从其他人的反馈中才知道这是否是好主意，或者是有机会去实践，观察会发生什么。NE的想法很难被他人理解和欣赏。注意那些NE创作歌手（例如：Brandon Boyd, ENFP）典型的创作手法就是写下足够的线索，然后把这些线索融合到作品中，让你可以把这些线索整合起来，从而推断出他们写作时候的想法。他们希望他人能将这些线索拼接起来，得到谜底。

Se, or extroverted Sensing, is dominant for ESxP, secondary for ISxP, tertiary for ENxJ and inferior for INxJ. It is the attitude that what is directly apparent in our immediate physical surroundings is the most important thing to go by. Se leads you to follow your gut instincts, pay very close attention to what's going on around you, and respond to things in the moment in whatever way will make the strongest and most immediate guttural, sensory impact on others. Se users are so present-focused that they're often on the cutting edge of new trends because they place so much emphasis on what is current and new. They like to learn things via a hands-on, figure-it-out-by-experimenting-as-you-go, direct experiential approach (in this way they are similar to Ne) but they are more focused on what is immediately tangible than on what their surroundings might be changed into. They usually pay a lot of attention to their physical appearance and are very good with reading body language and using it to immediately size up a person or a situation and respond instinctively. They can be quite impulsive and prone to overindulgence in sensory pleasures, but they also know how to work a crowd and they tend to make themselves into reflections of current popular trends--whatever will make an impact.
Se，外倾感觉，是ESXP的主导功能、ISXP的辅助功能，ENXJ的第三功能，INXJ的第四功能。Se是这样一种倾向：认为我们当下物理环境正在发生的是最重要且值得关注的。Se让你遵循你的直觉，密切关注周围正在发生的事情，在当下用任何最强烈、最直白的方式迅速响应，给他人强烈的感官刺激。SE使用者如此关注当下，他们常常紧跟潮流，因为他们太强调流行和新奇了。他们喜欢通过动手、现学现用、直接的经验（这点上与NE类似）的方式学习，但他们更多关注有直接的感受而非环境可能的变化。他们常常很关注他们的外表，擅长解读肢体语言，用这种方式快速判断一个人或者环境，本能地做出回应。他们可以变得很冲动，很容易沉溺于感官愉悦，但他们也知道如何影响群体，他们试图引发潮流——任何将会产生的冲击。

Se is the opposite of Ni because it intentionally focuses on the literal surface meaning of exactly what is going on right in front of you right now, whereas Ni tries to ignore that and see the hidden meaning in what is not directly apparent.
Se和Ni是对立的，因为Se会有意识地关注此时此地真正发生的表面现象，而NI则是忽略这些现象，试图看到那些没有直接显露出来的隐藏含义。

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Next, the introverted Perception (Pi) attitudes. These are dominant for IxxJ types, secondary for ExxJ, tertiary for IxxP and inferior for ExxP:
接下来，是内向感知倾向。是IxxJ类型的主导功能，ExxJ的辅助功能，IxxP 的第三功能，ExxP的第四功能。

Ni, or introverted iNtuition, is dominant for INxJ, secondary for ENxJ, tertiary for ISxP and inferior for ESxP. It is an inward sense of abstract perceptual shift. Rather than imagine different ways we could change the outside world, Ni acknowledges many different ways we could change the subjective meaning of things to ourselves by looking at them from different angles. Rather than directly confront an issue, Ni will often solve problems by simply looking at them from a different angle. Doing a bunch of community service sucks? Just think of it as an opportunity to get lots of exercise! Note that Ni doesn't think about how to change the outer world the way Ne does; it only thinks about how to change *the way we interpret* the outer world. Ni leads you to try and see "through the smoke and mirrors" to what is REALLY going on below the surface, that other people are not perceptive enough to pick up on...so in its unhealthy form, it turns into conspiracy theories, a la Dale Gribble from King of the Hill.
Ni，或者内倾直觉，是INxJ的主导功能以及ENxJ的辅助功能，ISxP的第三功能和ESxP的第四功能。它是一种由外而内转化抽象概念的能力。和试图使用多种方法来改变外部世界的Ne不同，Ni通过从多个角度观察事物，主观地使用多种方法来改变事物对于自己的抽象意义。同直面问题不同，Ni通过从多角度观察事物来寻找解决问题最佳方案。做社区劳动很累人吗？想象这是一次锻炼身体的好机会吧！注意 - Ni并不像Ne一样想象如何改变外部世界，它只是让你改变你对外部世界的认知。Ni让你想要并且能够看透一切烟幕和虚像，直奔表皮后面的实质，普通人的知觉完全不能达到的实质。所以，在使用不当时，Ni会产生阴谋论，就像是山丘之王（King of the Hill）里面的戴尔吉博勒（Dale Gribble）一样。

Strong Ni users like being the person behind the scenes who pulls all the strings (even better if most people don't even realize it) and understands the dynamics of everything on a deeper level than everyone else. They are threatened by the idea that there might be any perspective or angle they cannot see, and as such they sometimes overestimate their own ability to fully grasp and work around the attitudes of others.
熟练的Ni使用者，就像电影中的幕后首领一样（很多人甚至意识不到他们的存在）。他们能对事物可能的产生变化比任何人都懂得深，他们害怕有自己看不到看不懂的事物，因此他们也经常高估自己对全局的把握能力，并且无视其他人对事物的态度。

As with all introverted functions, Ni doesn't pay attention to external conditions outside the self so it doesn't care if anyone else grasps the ideas the same way the Ni user does. To Ni, I get the significance and that's all that matters. Ni songwriters (e.g. Thom Yorke, INFJ) will often write lyrics that could not possibly make any sense to other people without a direct explanation from the writer, but they don't really care because Ni considers intuition such a personal thing that it can't make its perspective/ideas clear to others very easily at all, and frequently doesn't even bother trying.
同其他内向功能一样，Ni对外在环境漠不关心，因此它也不会在乎其他人是否能从Ni使用者的角度把握事物。这就是我对Ni和Ni相关事宜的诠释。Ni的作词家（例如Thom Yorke, INFJ）经常写出让他人无法理解的歌词来（如果不是他们自己解释的话），但是他们不在乎。因为Ni认为直觉是对事物的主观理解，它不能将自己的看到的东西清晰地映射在他人的瞳孔中，并且通常情况下，它认为这根本不值得尝试。

For another example, Isaac Newton (INTJ) invented calculus and didn't bother telling anyone about it for 20 years. Ne would have been out showing the idea to others and changing it based on their reactions--but not Ni!
另外有个例子：牛顿（Isaac Newton，INTJ）在发明微积分后，竟然在20年内没有对任何人提起过。Ne会迫不及待地将新点子展示给其他人，然后根据他人的反应对点子进行加工，但是Ni不会这么做！

As a result Ne is typically much better at putting its abstract ideas into terms that others will understand than Ni.
因此，Ne推出的抽象概念会比Ni的更容易让人理解。

On a side note: Ni appreciates definitional freedom (and thus is often annoyed by Ti) in the same way Ne appreciates freedom to change its plan of action abruptly (and thus is often annoyed by Te.) Ti users will tend to frame debates by first assigning precise definitions to terms, but Ni often objects to this by wondering: "How are we unconsciously limiting our understanding by assigning such rigid definitions in the first place?" Ni always seeks to escape the unconscious assumptions that limit its understanding of as many different conceptual viewpoints as possible.
从另一方法说：Ni更喜欢在定义上的自由（因此它经常被Ti惹火），Ne更喜欢在突发情况面前改变计划的自由（因此它经常被Te惹火）。Ti的使用者会试图在第一时间辩证地对事物进行精确地定义，但是Ni经常对此提出反对意见：“我们怎么能如此简单就对事物定义？这样只会无意识地限制我们对事物的理解！”当一个假设使Ni无法从多方面多观点了解事物时，它通常会试图摆脱限制这个假设。

Si, or introverted Sensing, is dominant for ISxJ, secondary for ESxJ, tertiary for INxP and inferior for ENxP. It's related to Se in that it deals with sensory experience, but rather than constantly scan for everything about what's going on now, it relies on internalizing those experiences into an extremely detailed internal map of highly vivid *memories* of those past sensory experiences. This dependence on reliving past experience and using it as a guide for the present leads to an extremely good memory for detail, and a general attitude that going with what we know for sure from having experienced it before is usually best.
Si或者内倾感觉，是ISxJ的主导功能，ESxJ的辅助功能，INxP的第三功能，ENxP的第四功能。Si与Se密切相关，因为Si处理感官经验，但是，与其说Si常常审视现在正在发生的所有的事情，倒不如说，Si依赖于将那些经验内化到一个非常详细而逼真的过去感官经验的数据库。这依赖于重温过去的经验，利用这点将当前经验详细的存储为非常清晰的记忆，一般来说，重温以前体验过的，感觉是最舒服的。

Si is the opposite of Ne because rather than relate new information to some larger external, constantly changing pattern, it tries to relate all new information to something it already knows, some sensory data that it's absorbed from its past experiences. This leads to the classic Ne vs. Si battle: Ne wants to try something new just for the sake of doing something different and finding something interesting; Si wants to stick to what we've done before because its vivid memories of direct experience allow us to relate the new information to that past information we've already absorbed.
Si与Ne是对立的，因为与其将新信息与一些更大的范围联系起来，不断变化模式，它更试图将所有新信息与一些已知的事情、过去的经验感受联系起来。这种想法导致典型的Ne VS Si的对决：Ne想要试图尝试些新的东西，仅仅是因为想做些不同的事情，发现这些事情有趣;Si想坚持自己之前所做的事情，因为直接经验的鲜活的记忆让我们很容易将新信息与过去我们吸收的信息联系起来。

It's a common misconception that Si users are traditionalists on principle. In my experience, many older Si users (xSxJ types have Si as dom/secondary) are traditionalists because the only source of information they had was their parents and the traditions they were raised with, but these days many younger SJs are much less traditionalist in nature because information is so much more freely available than it was just a few generations ago. Si is not into tradition just for the sake of tradition; it just likes to relate new information to something it already knows. Rules and traditions can be a convenient way to do this, but it's a mistake to believe that Si always leads to traditionalism for its own sake.
常常Si使用者会被误解是在信念上传统人士。在我的经验中，许多年老的Si使用者（xSxJ类型把Si作为主导或辅助功能）是传统主义者，这仅仅是因为他们的信息来源于他们的父母和他们成长过程中的惯例，但如今许多年轻的SJ们，很少是传统主义者，因为他们的信息来源比起上一代更为自由。Si不会导致传统仅仅是因为传统的缘故；他仅仅是喜欢讲新信息与已经知道的联系起来。规则和传统非常容易这样做，但这就导致相信Si导致传统主义的错误。

Si also does some really cool stuff like perfect pitch...I have one ISFJ friend (Si dominant) who can tap into his past sensations of what a particular note sounded like and use it to identify some note he hears now as a G#. That's amazing to me...as an Ne dom I only understand notes in terms of their relationship to other notes in a larger pattern; Josh just taps right into his detailed sensory memory and can identify the note by remembering what it sounded like before, on its own.
Si也做些非常酷的完美一击...我有一个ISFJ朋友（Si主导）他能将当前听到的音符从以前听过的特定的音符中识别出来，这太让我震惊了。。作为Ne主导的，我仅仅知道音符与其他音符之间的关系模型，JOSH仅仅打开他的存储库，就能识别出这些音符跟其他听过的那些一致。

Si doms like to collect objects and facts that evoke pleasurable memories from the past. An Si who's into history will collect books, photos, stamps, etc...an Si who's into music will collect instruments, sheet music, photos of concerts, and so on. Many Si types love scrapbooking because looking back at those old photos evokes those powerful, highly detailed sensory experiences from the past.
Si主导的喜欢收集那些能引发美好回忆的物品和事实。那些喜欢历史的Si会收集书、照片、邮票灯等，那些喜欢音乐的Si会收集乐器、乐谱、演唱会照片，等等。许多Si类型喜欢纪念册，因为回忆这些老照片可以清风他们更强，更细节的回忆。

On a more morbid note, Dexter (from the TV series "Dexter") is probably ISTJ. He collects blood slides because they evoke the detailed memories of his most enjoyable murder experiences from the past. =/
一个病态的例子， Dexter （电视剧Dexter ）可能是ISTJ，他收集血迹，因为他们引发了过去令他沉醉的犯罪体验。
（注：没有看过这部电视，以下为简介，《双面法医》改变自Jeff Lindsay的小说《Darkly Dreaming Dexter》，讲述的一个变态杀手在童年时遭受虐待和抛弃，长大后他则是一名成功的法医病理学家。在他极具魅力的性格之下，隐藏着一个恐怖的真相。本剧把天生的犯罪冲动与法医工作合二为一，极具戏剧张力。）

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Next, the extroverted Judgment (Je) attitudes. These are dominant for ExxJ types, secondary for IxxJ, tertiary for ExxP and inferior for IxxP:
接下来，是外倾判断倾向。是ExTJ的主导功能，IxTJ的辅助功能，ExFP的第三功能和IxFP的第四功能。

Te, or extroverted Thinking, is dominant for ExTJ, secondary for IxTJ, tertiary for ExFP and inferior for IxFP.
Te，或者外倾思考，是ExTJ的主导功能，IxTJ的辅助功能，ExFP的第三功能和IxFP的第四功能。

It's an attitude that encourages an external, objective standard when dealing with logic, impersonal facts and ideas. Te, when arguing, will tend to cite appeals to authority and other widely accepted, externally focused evidence; i.e., citing books or prominent authors/studies, or any widely accepted consensus among the external world of people who study the topic in question. "The experts all agree that this is the case" is a very Te-oriented argument, because it relies on external standards and context for its evaluation of logical decisions.
Te是一种对逻辑、普遍现象和观点建立外在客观标准的态度。在争论时，Te的武器是权威和常识，例如经典理论、知名作家、著名学说和业内人士共识。“专家们都这么看”就是非常典型的Te式论调 - 它依赖客观共识并且用它作为逻辑判断的标准。

For this reason Te people will usually insist on seeing quantifiable, repeatedly demonstrable, empirical evidence before accepting anything. If you can't put it in a test tube, measure it and repeat these results any time for all to see, it's not valid. The scientific method is extremely Te-oriented. From the Te perspective, there is no such thing as logic without this sort of externalized validity, because impersonal ideas are to be shared and agreed upon by large groups instead of individuals (the same way Fe treats ethics) and determined by objective consensus. Te users tend to find Ti selfish and unyielding in its insistence on fitting things into its own personal logical framework before accepting them, rather than taking widely accepted external evidence or consensus seriously.
因此，Te使用者在接受一个逻辑之前，会检查它是否符合可量化、可证明、有先例等标准 - 如果它在试管里面经不起检验，或者无法保证在任何时间复查都是同样结果，它就是不合格的。科学方法（Scientific Method）本身就是绝对Te导向的。对Te来说，没有逻辑是不能经得起这种外在检验的，因为普遍观点必须能被客观验证并且让大众承认并达成共识 - 这不是某一个人说了就能算的。Te使用者会认为Ti非常自私，因为他们坚持使用只有自己接受的逻辑框架，而不是外在证据、大众观点和专家意见，来进行判断。

Strong Te users are efficiency experts. They are typically very good at translating a theoretical idea into a fluid, external process that gets effective, measurable results that can be repeated and verified on schedule. They usually do very well in management positions that allow them to focus on process over theory in order to maximize efficiency and bring about the desired goal while expending the smallest possible amount of resources (especially time.)
熟练的Te使用者是效率控制专家。他们非常擅长将理论观点转化成外在流程，并且获得可再现、可量化、在进度上可检验的结果。他们通常在管理职位上得心应手。因为在管理职位上，他们能将注意力放在如何最大化效率，如何减少资源消耗（尤其是时间消耗），如何达到预期的目标，如何建立流程上，而不是那些理论知识。

Fe, or extroverted Feeling is dominant for ExFJ, secondary for IxFJ, tertiary for ExTP and inferior for IxTP. It is an attitude that encourages adherence to the ethics of the cultural/social/familial groups we feel emotionally connected to. Fe leads you to derive your moral viewpoints from some sort of externalized consensus. This doesn't mean you automatically fall in line with whatever moral viewpoints happen to surround you, just that (unlike the accompanying Ti view on logic as something you don't need external input to understand) you don't see how ethics can be decided reasonably without some sort of external context. (Fe views ethics as dependent upon collective consensus in the same way Te views logic/impersonal ideas.)
Fe，或者外倾情感是ExFJ的主导功能，IxFJ的辅助功能，ExTP的第三功能和IxTP的第四功能。它是一种让人忠于自己所认同的文化、社会、家庭团体的共同伦理信仰的态度。Fe会将你的道德观念建立在外在共识之上。这并不意味着你会无条件接受你身边的一切道德观念，只是和内倾功能不同，Fe在没有外在环境引导和认同的情况下，不知道该如何进行伦理判断（Ti能在没有外在输入的情况下理解逻辑事物；但Fe对伦理道德的看法需要基于大量常识和事例，就像Te对逻辑和观点的看法一样）。

Fe leads people to adjust, hide or set aside entirely their own emotions in favor of fitting the emotional needs of the broader groups that are important to them. This leads to a certain respect for the common consensus among those important groups regarding interpersonal behavior and treatment of others. If you were to criticize someone's behavior from an Fe standpoint, it would be from the standpoint of, "Your behavior is inconsistent with the group's standards--most people would consider it wrong or inappropriate." Fe appeals to the collective morality of the whole; the fact that "most people would agree" serves as externally objective evidence to support Fe's moral standpoints.
在需要满足对自己重要的多数人的情感需求时，Fe能够调整、隐藏甚至摈弃自身情绪。这使得Fe使用者能够在人际关系和待人接物中，很快得到他人的认同和尊重。如果你想用Fe的方式来批判某人，你会使用类似“你的行为不符合团体共识 - 是大多数人认为不对或者不得体的”。Fe喜欢用大众的道德观念来攻击他人。事实上，“大多数人都同意”正是支持Fe道德立场的外在基石。

People with strong Fe are typically good at saying just the right thing that fits in with the moral expectations of the audience. For this reason Fe tends to make great politicans because strong Fe users often make outstanding, charismatic public speakers who can play off the emotions of others to rally groups toward the desired cause. They are excellent at organizing, leading and delegating tasks to others with an interpersonal style that gets the job done while still appearing socially appropriate and respecting the emotional needs of others (so long as those needs are reasonable within the group's objective framework of ethics.) They understand how to perform the social/cultural responsibilities expected of them and they expect others to do the same, and if you're not fulfilling these responsibilities they're very good at appealing to the crowd to deliberately make you look like an asshole in front of everyone. ("Look everyone, this guy doesn't fit with our collective moral ideals!")
熟练的Fe使用者能够手到擒来地在听众面前说出听众想听的话。因此，Fe使用者是出众的魅力四射的公众演说家或者伟大政治家。他们能够很快地将其他人的情绪煽动起来，让他们向自己希望的方向前进。他们也擅长通过人际手段，在组织、带领他人和分派任务的同时，保持自己的社会形象以及对他人情感需要的尊重（只要这些情感需要符合团体客观道德框架）。他们懂得如何表现出对社会和文化的责任心，并且要求其他人也这么做。如果某人缺乏这种责任心，Fe使用者会刻意损毁其公众形象，使其遭受万人鄙视（大家看，这家伙违背了我们共同的道德理念）。

Fe considers it paramount to show overt displays of loyalty to the people in the groups it feels connected to, which includes helping out friends/family whenever possible and receiving similar displays of loyalty in return. (If these displays are not reciprocated Fe may take this as a sign that the other person is not loyal.) Fe tends to see Fi users as selfish for refusing to adapt their feelings to the feelings of others in service of the good of the larger group, and for ignoring objective standards on ethics in favor of purely personal ones.
Fe认为公开展示对自己所处团体中的人的忠诚是至关重要的，这使他们可能仅仅为了让朋友、家人或者其他亲近者显出对自己的忠诚，而倾力相助（但是如果受助者没有展示出同样的忠诚，Fe会认为对方不讲义气）。Fe使用者会认为Fi非常自私，因为它拒绝让自己的情感和为团队利益奉献的人合拍，并且还会为了纯粹自我化的道德标准而忽视客观道德标准。

The whole idea behind Ms. Manners is very Fe--Fi would wonder why anyone cares about any external consensus on ethics, because to Fi ethics are purely subjective. Fe is concerned with adjusting to the ethical standards as established objectively by the groups it feels are important.
礼仪小姐就是Fe的产物 - Fi会质疑为什么大家会在于外在道德标准，因为Fi的道德是纯粹主观的。Fe关注如何根据对自己重要的团体中客观存在的道德观念，来调整自己的道德标准。

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And finally, the introverted Judgment (Ji) attitudes. These are dominant for IxxP types, secondary for ExxP, tertiary for IxxJ and inferior for ExxJ:
最后，是内倾判断，是IXTP的主导功能，EXTP的辅助功能，IXFJ的第三功能和EXFJ的第四功能。

Ti, or introverted Thinking, is dominant for IxTP, secondary for ExTP, tertiary for IxFJ and inferior for ExFJ.
Ti,内向思考，是IXTP的主导功能，EXTP的辅助功能，IXFJ的第三功能和EXFJ的第四功能。

It's an attitude that encourages subjective logical decision-making based on our personal and directly experiential ideas of what fits into an impersonal logic framework and what doesn't. When it comes to logic/impersonal ideas, Ti reasons, external consensus can go to hell because it might very well be wrong, no matter how many people believe it or how many experts claim to know the truth. Ti seeks truth for its own sake; it wants to understand the relationships that force frameworks of information to fit together into cohesive wholes. Ti is focused on the blueprint, the design, the idea--while Te is focused on the application of that idea into an objectively measurable process. Externally measurable application is not nearly as important to Ti as internal structural integrity and logical consistency with itself.
它是一种态度，鼓励主观的、符合逻辑的决定，其基础是我们个人的、直接的对什么符合逻辑的了解。面对逻辑的或与个人无关的想法，Ti会进行思辩。外界达成的共识可以滚蛋，因为它可能是错的，无论多少人相信它，或多少专家声称知道真相。Ti为真理本身寻求真理;它希望理解将信息接合成整体的联系。Ti关注蓝图，设计，想法--而Te关注于将想法运用，成为可客观测量的过程。外在的，可测的应用对Ti来说不是很重要，内在结构和逻辑的完备才是更重要的。

Ti appreciates structural symmetry, balance, and the beauty of symmetrical models that elegantly explain and organize real world phenomena (perceived by Ne or Se) into neatly arranged categories. Ti people are usually very good with pure logic in a vacuum, as Ti simply "knows" inherently what is logical and what is not, and will defend this sense of logic to the death just to prove a point. Te people, on the other hand, are more concerned with what tangible USE can come from an argument--which is often none. This is why INTPs will argue hypotheticals all day but INTJs will rarely bother trying to convince you. For the INTJ, Te simply doesn't see what useful goal would be served by trying to change your opinion.
Ti喜欢结构的对称，平衡，与和谐模型之美。这种模型优雅地解释并整理现实世界的现象（由Ne或Se接收），将他们归属于清晰分类的范畴中。Ti的人的纯逻辑经常很好，因为Ti直接“知道”什么是符合逻辑的，而什么不是，并将至死辩护这种逻辑，只为证明一个观点。另一方面，Te的人更关注争论产生的实际价值--这经常是没有价值的。这是为什么INTP会整天争论假想的事情，而INTJ很少试图来说服你。对INTJ来说，Te不觉得改变你的想法是什么有用的目标。

Ti: What logical relationships necessitate this system working the way it does, and how can I make them make sense to me?
Ti：这个系统这样运行，有什么逻辑联系使它这样？我如何理解它？

Te: What externally verifiable, quantifiable evidence can we show that this is logical, and what tangible goal can be served by spending our time on it?
Te：我们有什么外界、可信的、可计量的证据，用以证明这是符合逻辑的？我们花时间在上面，能达到什么确定的目标？

Another good example is music theory...when I learned chord theory I naturally wanted to learn the rules of how chords fit together so that I'd understand the entire system holistically and could theoretically figure out any chord. Ti likes to figure out entire systems just for the sake of getting a glimpse of complete truth ("I want to play guitar, so I will learn the system of rules for how chords are built so I understand the whole thing at once"), whereas Te is much more goal-oriented and always wants to know how this system can be applied to something externally useful or used to accomplish our predetermined goals...so Te would be more inclined to first figure out what the goal is ("What do I plan to use my guitar playing for?") and then learn only what's necessary to complete that goal. ("I want to learn 'Freebird', so I will learn the chords and techniques necessary to play that song.")
另一个好的例子是音乐理论。。。当我学和声理论时，我自然想知道和弦以什么规律结合，这样我便能从整体上理解整个系统，并根据理论识别出任何和弦。Ti喜欢描绘整个系统，仅为了了解整体的真理（“我想弹吉他，所以我要学习和弦建立的规则，这样我便能一次了解整件事”），然而Te更功利，想知道怎样运用这个系统于外界有用的东西，或达成已定的目标。所以Te会更倾向于先明确目标（“我计划为什么学吉它？”），并仅学习为达成目标必需的东西。（“我想学”Freebird",所以我只学弹这首歌要用到的和弦和技巧。“）

Te takes a step by step, sequential and linear approach based on which steps are needed to complete its goals, while Ti tries to understand the entire system as one big unit simply because it's interesting and stimulating.
Te循序渐进，以达成目标为目的，而Ti试图将整个系统理解成一个单位，因为这样有趣，刺激。

I borrowed the following baseball analogy from Lenore Thomson, because it works so well:

So let's say you're playing baseball. Te would tell us that if the runner doesn't reach the base before the ball gets there, he's out--period. That's objectively verifiable and can be shown logically, through external empirical evidence/consensus of experts that it is always the case, and it can be quantified and measured precisely without any personal emotions getting involved. (You can see why so many TJs are research scientists, especially NTJs.)But Te won't do us any good when we're the runner trying to decide whether to steal 2nd base or wait for another hit. The situational logic in this case is subjective Ti because it requires us to reason out what makes sense at the moment according to our direct experience--the logic at play here cannot be precisely quantified in an externally verifiable manner.

----这一段求会玩棒球的人校对----
我从Lenore Thomson那里借来下面的棒球类比，因为它描述得很好：

假设你在玩棒球。Te告诉我们如果跑垒手没有在球到达之前跑到本垒，他便出局了。这可以被客观澄清，无需任何个人感情。（你能看出为什么有那么多TJ是科研人员，特别是NTJ）但跑垒手试图决定去偷二垒还是等待下一次击球时，Te的用处便不大了。这个情境中的逻辑是主观的Ti，因为它需要我们用自己的直接经验判断这一刻什么是应当做的--这里比赛中的逻辑不能以外界可计量的方式验证。

Fi, or introverted Feeling, is dominant for IxFP, secondary for ExFP, tertiary for IxTJ and inferior for ExTJ. Unlike Fe, Fi leads you to draw ethics purely from an internal, subjective source and finds Fe's collective approach to morality shallow and fake. Since ethics are purely a personal ideal in Fi's view, all personal feelings are sacred and allowing any outside views to affect them is patently unethical. Fi treats ethics in the same way Ti treats logic, in that it's something that requires no external context to understand and that should not be influenced or changed by any outside forces.
Fi，或者内倾情感，是IxFP的主导功能，ExFP的辅助功能，IxTJ的第三功能和ExTJ的第四功能。和Fe不同，Fi为你建立的是一套纯粹内部、主观的道德观念。Fi认为Fe通过将道德观念建立在他人看法上是浅薄和虚伪的。对于Fi来说，伦理道德纯粹是个人观点，因此，个人伦理道德观神圣不可侵犯。Fi对道德的态度和Ti对逻辑的态度一致 - 它的伦理判断不需要外在环境引导和认同，并且拒绝被外在环境影响或者改变。

The ability to express one's personal feelings and inner self freely and maintain a strong sense of personal uniqueness and individuality is of utmost importance to Fi. (It's also important to Ti, but for different reasons and in different contexts.) I have found that many Fi users dislike typology in general because they feel that "putting people into boxes" suppresses their sense of personal identity, and that people are too unique to be categorized so easily.
对Fi来说，最重要的技能就是能自由表达个人情感和内在自我，以及保持自身人格特立独行（对于Ti来说，这同样重要，只是目的和对象不一样）。我发现Fi使用者大多不喜欢给人分类 - 他们觉得这是在“把人往盒子里放”，并且会压制对他们人格特点的认知。另外是，他们认为每个人都非常特殊，不是这么简单就可以归类的。

Fi people are typically very good at picking up emotional vibes in the tone of voice and word choice of others. They often know what you're feeling even better than you do because they're aware of the subtle effects that different emotional states have on our behaviors and can pick up cues about how you're feeling that you didn't even intend to give off. For this reason strong Fi users are profoundly empathetic and tend to understand and identify with basic human needs on a profound level. If you were to criticize someone's behavior from an Fi standpoint, it would be in the form of, "What you are doing is hurting my feelings/violating my ethics/preventing me from fulfilling my basic human needs." Strong Fi users often feel a certain connection to the beauty of nature, animals, and life itself, simply "knowing" deep inside themselves that life is sacred and all individuals possess inherent value.
Fi使用者很容易从他人的音调和用词上获得情感共鸣。他们经常会比你自己更懂得你的情感，因为他们非常善于发现不同情绪状态对我们的行为产生的微妙影响，并且能够从你不经意表露中发现微妙的情感线索。因此，熟练的Fi使用者能够感受和破解人类的各种基础需求。如果你想用Fi的方式来批判某人，你可能会说“你正在伤害我的感情 / 攻击我的道德观 / 阻止我满足我作为人的基础需要。”熟练的Fi使用者经常感到某种和自然、动物以及生命本身之间的联系，并且已经“参透”“生命神圣，众生平等”的玄机。

A mature Fi user is extremely in tune with the emotional needs of others and very supportive of and responsive to them. An immature Fi user is overly preoccupied with his own emotional needs and will act passive aggressively toward people who don't bend over backwards to cater to how he feels. Note that both Fe and Fi users often feel a strong sense of moral obligation to their loved ones; the difference is simply the source of this obligation. If it comes from an external/objective cultural standard, it's probably Fe--if it comes from a personal sense of moral responsibility that deliberately blocks out external influence, it's probably Fi.
一个成熟的Fi使用者能够同他人的情感需求合拍，并且支持和响应他人情感。一个不成熟的Fi使用者会过分强调他的自身情感需求，并且会消极抵抗不愿迎合其情感需求的人。注意，Fe和Fi使用者都会感到对自己所爱之人的强烈义务感，但是这种义务感的来源不同。如果这种义务感来源于外在/客观文化标准，就可能是Fe；如果来源于个人内部道德准则，并且抵抗外界的干扰，就可能是Fi。

Fi doms are ethical perfectionists in the same way Ti doms are logical perfectionists. They seek a sense of internal balance and harmony with their surroundings that feels right in their own individual way. Note that introverted judgment (Ti/Fi) seeks depth and specificity while extroverted judgment (Te/Fe) seeks broad applicability. Ti wants to define exactly what is logically correct under an extremely specific set of circumstances that may never happen in the real world, while Te seeks widely applicable objective consensus that can apply in many different situations. Fi seeks to determine precisely what the user feels is morally right regardless of external application, while Fe seeks widely applicable, generalized ethical rules that can serve to govern entire groups. Ti/Fe = I think/We feel; Fi/Te = I feel/We think.
Fi是完美的情感影响保护伞，就像Ti是完美的逻辑影响保护伞一样。他们都会为周边事物寻找一种满足自身独特省美观的内在的平衡以及和谐感。值得注意的是，内倾判断（Ti/Fi）喜欢深程次和独特；而外倾判断（Te/Fe）喜欢广泛适用。Ti喜欢大量特殊条件下，甚至是真实世界不存在情况下，判断事物是否符合逻辑；而Te喜欢能广泛适用于多种情形的客观规律。Fi喜欢在不受外界干扰的情况下，精确地判断自己是否觉得事物符合自身道德准则。Fe喜欢找到能被团体成员共同认可并且用于控制团体的道德规则。

Ti/Fe = 我思考 / 大家感觉；Fi/Te = 我感觉 / 大家思考