【管理英文】为自己选择最佳的领导风格

How does a leader act? You may have an idea, but there are many different types of leadership, so when you are ready to lead, you don’t have to look like the other leaders you know. You can look like you. You can pick the best types of leadership that work for you. That’s a big relief when you already have a ton on your plate in your new leadership role. 

领导是怎么做的？也许你是有主意的，但是有许多不同类型的领导类型，所以，在你准备领导时，你不需要看起来像你所认识的其他领导者一样。你可以让自己的领导类型像你自己。你可以选择最适合自己的领导类型。在你的新的领导角色层面已经有很多的事情要做时，这会让你感到很轻松。 

Daniel Goleman’s 'Harvard Business Review Study, Leadership That Gets Results' identified six types of leadership styles. Here they are: 

丹尼尔·戈尔曼博士在“哈佛商业评论研究，领导取得成果 “一文中将领导风格分为以下六种风格： 

1

The pacesetting leader: This leader says “Do as I do, now.” Many people think this is what a leader looks like. The downside is that if you’re always doing what the boss says, there isn’t much room for your innovation. 

领头型领导：这种类型的领导者会说：“现在，照我说的做。”许多人认为这是领导者的样子。这一类型的领导者的缺点是，如果你一直按老板说的做，那么创新的空间就不会太大。 

2

The authoritative leader: This leader says “Come with me.” Goleman found this leadership type is best when there is a need for a new vision. For instance, if the company is dealing with change. These leaders inspire workers towards that new vision. 

权威型领导：这种类型的领导者会说：“跟我来。”戈尔曼博士发现，当有需要一个新的愿景，这种类型的领导者是最好的。比如，如果公司正在处理变化。这类领导者会鼓励工人们去实现这一崭新的愿景。. 

3

The affiliative leader: This leader says “People come first.” When a company is going through a tough time, this style can serve you well in relationships. But Goleman cautions that too much focus on nurturing leadership can result in weakened performance. 

亲和型领导：这种类型的领导者会说“员工优先”。当公司正经历一段艰难时刻，这一领导风格可以很好地为人际关系服务。不过，戈尔曼博士警告说，过于注重领导力的培养，可能会导致绩效不佳。 

4

The coaching leader: This leader says “Try this.” When developing a leadership pipeline, this type of leader shines. This is someone who looks for personal strengths and helps develop them. However, this leadership style won’t work if the team doesn’t want to learn. 

教练型领导：这种类型的领导者会说：“来尝试这个”。在发展领导力梯队时，这种类型的领导者会熠熠生辉。这一风格的领导者会寻找个人层面的优势，并帮助发展这些优势。然而，如果团队并不想学习，那么，这种领导类型就不起作用。   

5

The coercive leader: This leader says “Do what I tell you.” Goleman says this is a last resort leadership style because it alienates team members. If there is an actual emergency, this approach works great, though. Otherwise, stay away. 

高压型领导：这种类型的领导者会说：“照我说的去做。”戈尔曼博士称，这是一种最后的领导类型，因为该类型疏远了团队的成员。不过，如果有实际的紧急状况，这一方法会很好用。如果没有遇到紧急的状况，要远离这一类型。 

6

The democratic leader: This leader says, “What do you think?” This works great when you need new ideas—which is often. But it fails miserably in an emergency. 

民主型领导：这种类型的领导者会说：“你的想法是怎么样的？”如果需要新的想法时，通常是这一类型很好用。不过，一旦出现紧急情况，就会遭遇失败。

You can see that different occasions exist when each type of leadership style is effective. Which style is best for you? These are questions you need to ask yourself to see. 

就如我们所见，在不同的情况下，每一种领导风格都会奏效的。那么，哪种最适合你呢？这些都是需要问你自己的问题。 

What Is Your Natural Leadership Style? 

你天生的领导风格是什么？ 

It’s easiest, of course, to embrace a leadership style that fits your personality. If you’re naturally a coalition builder, a democratic or affiliative leadership role may fit you the best. If you’re naturally a bossy jerk, a coercive leadership style may appeal to you. This is the style that may naturally attract you—but don't think that just because it’s your nature to lead one way that’s how you should lead. 

当然，采用适合你个性的领导风格是最为容易的。如果你天生是一个联盟的促成者，民主或亲和的领导角色也许最适合于你。而如果你天生就是喜欢指挥人的主，强制性的领导风格可能对你会有吸引力。这是能自然而然地吸引你的领导风格-但不要仅仅因为你天生有某种领导风格，就要采用某种领导风格。 

What Does Your Team Need? 

团队需要什么?

This is more important than your own natural leadership style. How will your team respond to each style? What do you need to accomplish the work? If you need to implement a tedious plan that senior leadership laid out before and there is no room for change, then pacesetting might be best. 

这远比你自己天生的领导风格更重要。对每一种风格，团队将如何回应？你需要什么才能完成这项工作？如果你需要执行一项高级领导之前制定的单调乏味的计划，而且无法改变，那么采取行动可能是最好的。 

But if you’ve had a rough year and changes need to happen, democratic leadership might be your best bet. Your team may respond positively to your attempts to involve them in the planning and decision making. Actually, sit down and think through what your team needs from your leadership style. 

但是，如果你经历了一个艰难的一年，并且需要改变，民主型领导可能是最佳选择。你的团队可能会对你让他们参与计划和决策的尝试做出积极的响应。实际上，请坐下来想想团队需要从你的领导风格中需要些什么。 

What Does Your Boss Want? 

老板想要什么?

This is especially important if you are new to this role. Why did she hire you? Was she looking for you to continue where the last manager left off or did she hire you because she thought you’d take the team in a different direction? It’s important that you know so that you can select your best leadership style. 

如果你是这个角色的新手，这一点尤其重要。老板为什么要雇佣你？是在找你继续走上一任经理的老路，还是因为她认为你会带领团队走向不同的方向而雇用你？这一点非常重要！你要知道，这样你才能选择最适合自己的领导风格。 

You can, of course, make changes (unless your boss is a coercive leader), but your awareness of your boss’s expectations can help you focus on what you need to do. 

当然，领导风格是可以改变的(除非你的老板是一个高压性的领导者)。不过，你对老板的期望的认知，可以帮助你专注于自己所需要做的事情。 

Is Your Current Style Working? 

你现在的风格有效吗？ 

If your employees are happy and engaged, you’re meeting or exceeding goals, and your bosses are happy with your performance, great. If any of those are not true, however, check your leadership style. You may need to change your fundamental leadership styles. 

如果员工很开心而且融入了，那么，你正在达到或者超过目标，老板会对你的表现感到非常满意，这非常好。但是，如果其中任何一个不够真实，那么就请你检查一下自己的领导风格。你可能需要改变自己的基本的领导风格。 

Of course, a mismatched leadership style isn’t the only area you can fix, but it’s a good place to start. Why? It’s always easier to change your own behavior than to get others to change their behavior. 

当然，不相匹配的领导风格，并不是你唯一能够解决的问题，但却是一个很好的开始。为什么呢？因为，改变自己的行为总是比让别人改变他们的行为要更加容易。 

Can You Get Help to Change Your Style? 

能得到帮助来改变领导风格吗？ 

Sometimes it is as easy as saying, “you know, it doesn’t work when I give detailed instructions and make everyone do exactly what I want, I’m going to allow more freedom .” But often it’s not quite that simple. 

有时，确实是“就像说起来那么容易”。“你知道，在我给出详细的指示，我让每个人都做我想做的事，我会给他们以更多的自由”。不过，通常情况下，事情并没有那么简单。

First, you need to recognize how you are managing and then you need to figure out how you need to manage. You should reach out for help and support from your boss or your Human Resources department. If possible, executive coaching can make a huge difference in helping you navigate these difficult leadership style approaches and choices. 

首先，需要认识到你自己是如何管理的，然后，需要搞清楚需要如何管理。你应该向你自己的老板或者人力资源部门寻求帮助和支持。如果有可能的话，管理人员的指导，会在帮助你应付这些有困难的领导风格的方法和选择方面产生巨大的影响。 

The types of leadership really do make a difference. Make sure that you are using the one that works best for your situation, and you’ll see work relationships and output improve—even if they were great when you started your journey to pick your best types of leadership styles. 

领导的类型，确实起到了很大的作用。请确保正在使用的领导类型最适合于自己的状况，你会看到工作关系和产出方面有所改善。即使在你开始为自己挑选最好的领导风格时，改善也会是很不错的。